by Zhang Heng (Zhang Pingzi)

The Five Stars Praise — 太上洞神五星讚 — is a Daoist astrological praise text from the Zhengtong Daozang (1445 CE), attributed to Zhang Heng (張衡, 78–139 CE), the brilliant Eastern Han polymath who invented the world's first seismograph and armillary sphere. Whether the attribution is historical or legendary — as is common with Daoist canon texts — the work embodies the Han synthesis of astronomical observation, political philosophy, and Daoist cosmology.

The five planets of classical Chinese astronomy correspond to the five elements (wuxing): Jupiter to Wood and the East; Mars to Fire and the South; Saturn to Earth and the Center; Venus to Metal and the West; Mercury to Water and the North. Each planet was believed to govern not only natural phenomena — weather, harvests, floods — but the political conduct of rulers and the fate of states. The position of each planet in the twenty-eight lunar mansions (xiu) carried specific portents, read as signs of fortune or calamity for the corresponding regions and rulers. This text draws those portents together into five sustained hymns of praise and warning, each ending with moral counsel and ritual remedies for malefic planetary configurations.

The text occupies the Dongshen section of the Daozang, Praise and Eulogy division (洞神部讚頌類, DZ 0976). This is the first English translation, made from the Kanseki Repository digital edition (KR5c0376) by the New Tianmu Anglican Church.

I. Jupiter

Eastern Year Star — Wood essence — governing Qi and Wu.

Jupiter of the East, truly called the Wood essence,
son of the Azure Emperor, great and luminous.
Where it abides is fortune, unmatched throughout the realm.

When the ruler's virtue is supreme and the Way of righteousness prevails —
rain and wind come in their season, the hundred grains ripen,
the ruler is long-lived and glorious, the people wealthy and upright,
the central realm is at peace, and the four barbarian peoples come to court.

When the ruler's governance is cruel and faithless to humaneness —
the star bristles with angry horns, and wars spread throughout the realm.
When counsel is rejected and slander believed, reverence abandoned —
calamity fills all under heaven; the low overthrow the high, brothers plot against brothers.

When red-yellow in color: wind and drought abound. When white-black: floods and warfare. Conjunct with Venus: great generals fall. Occulted by the Moon: consorts and queens are ruined.

Effects by lunar mansion:

Entering Grand Subtlety — the ruler faces anxiety but receives amnesty. In the Well — the land of Qin is at peace. Stationed in Ghost — the state employs axes and instruments of punishment. Circling Void and Danger — Qi suffers disaster. In Room — ruler and ministers rejoice alike. Lingering in Heart — millet and sorghum are plentiful. Watching Horn — loyal and worthy men are recommended for service. Lingering in Tail — the altars of state flourish. Passing Root — great happiness within. Passing Neck — Han and Zheng go to war. Entering Basket — disputes arise within the palace. Passing Dipper — Wu and Yue are at peace. Mounting Void — genealogical order is disrupted. Offending Maiden — the palace apartments rejoice. Watching Ox — hunger, cold, and tiger attacks prevail. Encircling Danger — sacrificial rites lose their fragrance. Offending Chamber — the movements of yin and yang are hastened. Watching Wall — the age resonates with the virtue of Yao and Shun. Entering Strider — men of the Way are given office. Passing Bond — those who carry out sentences act. Watching Stomach — the people suffer hunger and illness. In the Pleiades — the ruler imposes severe punishments. When retrograde: disaster and banditry multiply; when visible by day: the ruler is weak and ministers grow overbearing. Offending Net while stationed in Bond — disaster falls on people and cattle. Mounting Beak and entering Well — prison complaints and military grief abound. Encircling the Celestial Corpse — more than half suffer. Offending Willow — the five grains multiply abundantly. Lingering in Extended Net — ruler and ministers dwell in delight. Entering Wings — grain diminishes and people scatter. Encircling Chariot — the countryside sees death and illness. Offending Room — generals and ministers alike are grieved.

Let all who hold territory take heed.
Nobles and gentlemen: be watchful in solitude; soothe and pacify the distant peoples.
Increase the cultivation of great blessings.
The divine pattern rewards good and punishes evil.
Restrain desire and reverently honor the Three Luminaries.
Strive to perfect the eternal harvest.

Personal omens and remedy: When Jupiter arrives in its corresponding region, moving direct with a blue-green color — fortune and celebration, official advancement and increased emoluments. When retrograde with color changed — disaster. When it arrives together with Saturn in the natal constellation — the same applies. Ritual remedy: plant five-fruit trees; hang blue-green banners; wear blue-green clothing — then auspicious.

II. Mars

Southern Blazing Deluder — Fire essence — governing Chu and Yue.

Mars of the South, also called the Punishment Star,
son of the Red Emperor, lord of surveillance and luminous scrutiny.
Each year in the tenth and eleventh months it enters the Grand Subtlety Palace and submits to restraint.
Over lands of just governance it does not tarry; at nations of misrule, its comings and goings are unpredictable.
Hook-transiting brings disaster; encircling brings calamity.
When it emerges, armies stir; when it enters, armies are concealed.
In its turning and halting: illness and death.
Through the ruler's carelessness, ministers and subjects suffer disaster and injury.
Advancing or retreating, its scope is inconstant — now floods, now drought; abundance and want trade places.
When seen at dawn it moves swiftly; emerging at dusk it ascends gradually.
When its appearances lose measure, it appears and vanishes by turns.
Sometimes angry, sometimes erupting; horned at times, or blazing.

Effects by lunar mansion:

Entering Grand Subtlety — rulers perish, as Duke Wen of Wei perished. Offending Purple Tenuity — kings die in the open field. Watching Celestial River — rivers and fords overflow. In Stomach — the realm's granaries are empty. Encircling Forest of Feathers — the palace guards must take arms. Lingering in Extended Net — the year is beautiful, people are healthy. Entering Southern Dipper — disaster reaches the prime minister. Offending Eastern Well — water and fire calamity. Watching Lesser Subtlety — hermit scholars suffer misfortune. Encircling Celestial Perimeter — the myriad surnames suffer famine. Cycling Ghost — warfare and mourning arise together. Entering Pleiades — the barbarians lurk in hiding. Residing in Heart — rulers are troubled. Encroaching on Xuanyuan — consorts and queens are fearful. Offending Chamber — rice becomes ten times more expensive. Mounting Danger — armies rise in the southern countryside. In Tail — ministers are insubordinate. Entering Horn — generals are executed and injured. Hook-transiting Neck — cities and towns are inundated. Offending Ghost — the dead lie in sight of one another. Lingering in Strider — fathers are estranged from sons. Offending Four Horses — ministers rebel against the king. Soaring through the void — the lord of the state emerges in person. Watching Net — border armies surrender. Entering Wall — worthy scholars are not elevated. Lingering in Three Stars — warfare spreads to all four directions. Blocking Maiden — cloth and silk prices surge. Watching Ox — the six domestic animals die stiff. Hook-transiting Willow — famine, drought, and territory lost. Offending Horn — warfare rises within the inner walls. Entering Chariot — all the people are conscripted. Offending Bond — the armies deployed are powerful. Retrograde in Dipper, circling Room — limbs and servants flee; fathers and sons are dispersed. Crossing the heavens — all within the seas boils over. Lingering in Basket — the people eat husks and dregs.

How can the ruler who holds territory fail to be good?
Master yourself, restore propriety — prosperity will follow.
The ruler and father dwell above: cultivate great blessings.
As minister, as son: hold yourself as if standing at the edge of a spring-fed valley.
Then calamities extinguish of themselves, and the heavenly emoluments endure forever.

Personal omens and remedy: When Mars arrives in its corresponding region — fires, boils and swellings, disputes over property boundaries, and the calamity of subordinates plotting against superiors. Arriving in a person's natal constellation — wild heart, fever, and disease; beware injuries from bows, arrows, blades, and cudgels; wounds and bloodshed. Strange and uncanny words and events. Ritual remedy: wear crimson garments and receive talismans; give red small beans to the poor; hang crimson banners; make meritorious lamps and fires; recite the Golden Tablets and Jade Instructions; light the star-lamps and present them to the household shrine — then auspicious.

III. Saturn

Central Stabilizing Star — Earth essence — governing Zhou and Liang.

Saturn — truly the Earth essence of the Center,
son of the Yellow Emperor, also called Earth Marquis.
Where it abides, that nation cannot be invaded; its region is without disaster; the five grains ripen; the ruler is glorious and at ease.

This comes from the ruler's integrity. But if the ruler has no humaneness within, even while adorned without — the star loses its proper course, bringing omens and evil. Above, disorder; below, strife; east and west in rebellion. Heaven above sends down disaster: hail and downpour, mountains collapse, earth splits, ghosts cry and wail. Opposed to Jupiter: consorts and queens fall ruined. Combined with Mercury: armies fail, camps are defeated in succession.

Effects by lunar mansion:

Confronting Horn — the rear palace has joy. Entering Neck — the ten thousand things achieve nothing. Offending Room — armies rise, the earth moves. Passing Root — the heir and his associates flourish. Watching Heart — the sagely ruler has virtue. In Tail — thieves and robbers act openly. Encircling Basket — water disaster, people scatter. Entering Dipper — those who ascend to office face no opposition. Cycling Ox — treacherous ministers plot against the ruler. Offending Maiden — sudden price surges spread in all directions. Mounting Void — wind, cold, and rice becomes costly. Entering Danger — public service brings disaster. Offending Chamber — the ruler expands and repairs palaces. Encircling Wall — the Way and its arts become brilliant and evident. Mounting Strider — women gain prominence, water surges. Watching Bond — treacherous and deceitful ministers arise. Hook-transiting Stomach — water, famine, and military chaos. Hook-transiting Pleiades — generals march out on western campaigns. Offending Net — dukes and marquises are deposed. Mounting Beak — towns are destroyed, people terrified. Encircling Three Stars — great ministers go out as envoys. Entering Well — scorching drought, disasters compound. In Ghost — ministers and assistants plot diversely. Offending Willow — all under heaven is at peace. Lingering in Star — the ten thousand regions are all well governed. Abiding in Extended Net — the five grains never cease. Entering Chariot — grain is damaged and armies rise. Watching the northern asterisms — the whole realm is opened and cleansed. Occulting the Battle-axe constellation — great ministers are executed. Offending the Law star — generals and ministers face the anxiety of punishment.

All those in positions of authority: know the subtle signs, know the minute.
Strive diligently in upholding the law, respect Heaven's awesome power.
Then blessings extend to progeny, and the realm's foundation endures.

Personal omens and remedy: When Saturn arrives in its corresponding region without proper cultivation of virtue and governance — that land suffers calamity. If the constellation's span is broad, the disaster may last ten years; it may bring the death of a lord and the famine of the common people. Disobeying the mandate of the realm: wars of aggression arise. When the Earth ruler fails to cultivate proper virtue: water and drought come out of season, insects damage grain and wheat. Cultivating good: official advancement and increased emoluments. Arriving at a person's natal birth constellation: great disaster — possibly parents die, brothers are separated, offices lost, old disputes erupt; people become desolate and lonely. Ritual remedy: recite the Golden Tablets and Jade Scriptures; wear dark clothing; ride a bay horse; burn styrax incense; offer fish and turtle as food; hold a Water Palace service; perform meritorious works — then auspicious.

IV. Venus

Western Great White — Metal essence — governing the Western barbarian peoples.

Venus — the essence of lesser yin, son of the White Emperor, also called Long Radiance.
What it governs is righteousness. Great and luminous, it is the image of a general; punishment and execution are its character.
In anger, its horns erupt with clamor; in pleasure, it draws in its horns and vanishes.
Passing Mars: misfortune and mourning follow in succession.
Combined with Mercury: warfare near and far intensifies.

Effects by lunar mansion:

Offending Horn — warfare throughout all under heaven. Entering Neck — water calamity and bandits arise together. Watching Root — generals receive enfeoffment. Residing in Heart — insects and fires spread in all directions. In Room — earthworks and construction impinge upon the state. Offending Tail — government loses its way, people contend. Watching Basket — wind and drought, with an amnesty declared. Entering Dipper — disaster and calamity are hard to pacify. Encircling Ox — the earth's qi erupts and disperses. Confronting Maiden — all treasuries and storehouses are emptied. Mounting Danger — generals lay down their armor. Offending Chamber — soldiers and warriors cease their expeditions. Entering Strider — rivers and their sources overflow. Watching Wall — the state employs severe punishments. Mounting Bond — those in white mourning garments gather. Entering Stomach and residing within — peace and security. Offending Pleiades — the barbarian armies rise greatly. Watching Net — an amnesty is declared and armies march. Mounting Beak and Three Stars — the countryside undergoes a change of administration. Passing Well and Ghost — ministers and generals face joint troubles. Entering Willow — the supreme commander receives additional enfeoffment. Lingering in Star — deaths in battle, camps in succession. Hook-transiting Wings and Chariot — the lords greatly stir their armies. Entering Xuanyuan — the Son of Heaven raises banners and battle-flags. Watching Celestial Field — people receive ranks and emoluments. At the meridian — the southern barbarians act with reckless ambition. When it loses its proper station: the crooked perish, armies are destroyed, generals are killed, cities are slaughtered; or mountains collapse on all four sides, and those pressed into service encroach on the noble. The ruler is yielding, ministers grow strong; the military edge turns to war; factions trade authority; omens appear repeatedly; ministerial loyalty erodes; the ruler's mind bends toward the crooked.

Alas, you lords who hold territory, and your limb-and-flank ministers —
do not usurp, do not exceed; revere Heaven and fear the spirits.
Govern the state by the Way; rectify the self by virtue.
Then blessings endure for your descendants, and transformation reaches the people.

Personal omens and remedy: Venus, the Great White One, the Great General — governs righteousness, governs war, governs weapons and armor. Once in eight years it completes a circuit of heaven. Whatever constellation it arrives in, military campaigns are likely. Arriving at a person's natal birth constellation: one becomes fond of improper conduct and music. Ritual remedy: practice the martial arts and teach the art of flags — then auspicious.

V. Mercury

Northern Morning Star — Water essence — governing Yan and Zhao.

Mercury of the North, also called the Water essence,
son of the Black Emperor, in the form of a deputy general.
What it governs: listening, surveillance, and scrutiny of the affairs of ruler and ministers.
Where it abides, there is anxiety and unrest.

If the ruler weighs the law carefully, illuminates commands, distances slanderers and the crooked, draws near the loyal and upright, and does not indulge in desires and leisure — the realm and state celebrate.

If the ruler fails to govern properly, trusts no worthy ministers, acts by whim, and draws near petty men — Heaven above manifests signs; disaster reaches the neighboring states. The five grains do not ripen; wind and rain are uneven; yin and yang fall into chaos; hunger and cold arrive repeatedly.

Combined with Venus: weapons stir. Invaded by Saturn: the supreme commander faces adversity. By observing its horns, one knows the scale of disaster or auspice. Discerning its periods of retreat and appearance, one can investigate the punishments of ruler and ministers. When sudden floods rise and its color is blue-green: great mourning erupts. In orderly motion: it appears at dawn in spring and at dusk in autumn. Its effects: warmth in winter and cold in summer. Pressing near the Sun it shines reflected; meeting the Moon it exchanges joy.

Effects by lunar mansion:

Watching Horn — punishment comes swiftly, and water disaster follows. Lingering in Neck — rice and grain surge in price. In Heart — all under heaven is at great peace. Watching Room — treacherous ministers set their plots in motion. Residing in Tail — rivers and seas overflow their banks. Entering Basket — great persons are anxious and fearful. Offending Void — the land for ten thousand li turns red and barren. Mounting Dipper and Ox — the hundred rivers break through their barriers. Encroaching on Maiden — cloth and silk double in price. Watching Danger — disloyal ministers entangle the state in succession. Entering Strider — ministers and subordinates are imprisoned. Watching Stomach — warfare and floods; the people grieve. Encircling Net — border troops are startled and move swiftly. In Pleiades — the executive imposes exile. Hook-transiting Beak — military disaster becomes the root of evil. Entering Well — water and earth are at war with each other. Mounting Three Stars and entering Ghost — water disaster; armies rise; illness and plague bring great grief. Lingering in Willow and Star — high ministers commit offenses. Watching Chariot and Wings — temples and shrines should be repaired. Pressing near Grand Subtlety — ministers harm one another. Watching Xuanyuan — the queen's clan has many enemies. Entering Wall — the court is filled with fear. Offending Root — prison complaints accumulate and are delayed. Residing in Extended Net — powerful ministers monopolize the state. Offending Chamber — the queen's faction is arrested. Watching Bond — water ruins the ten thousand things. In Establishment — rival factions are hard to quiet.

Deeply mindful, all who hold territory: honor and be careful in your deportment.
Trembling and cautious — in peace, embrace difficulty.
Diligently cultivate proper virtue, and good fortune will ease your path.

Personal omens and remedy: Mercury is the Pivot and Minister. It governs the secret essentials of the Celestial King, and changes in the ranks and emoluments of lords and counts. Once in a year it completes a circuit of heaven. In whatever region it arrives: mostly water disasters, soldiers in excess, and strange words; or it makes people's hearts unsettled, craving spicy and sour foods. Ritual remedy: build city walls and moats, open channels and lead water — then auspicious.

Colophon

The Five Stars Praise (太上洞神五星讚, DZ 0976) is a Daoist astrological praise text from the Dongshen section of the Zhengtong Daozang (Daoist Canon of the Zhengtong reign, 1445 CE), in the Eulogy and Praise subsection (洞神部讚頌類). The text is attributed to Zhang Heng (張衡, 78–139 CE), given here by his courtesy name Zhang Pingzi (張平子). Zhang Heng was one of the greatest polymaths of the Eastern Han dynasty — inventor of the seismograph and armillary sphere, astronomer, mathematician, poet, and court official. Whether this attribution is historical or legendary, as is common with texts preserved in the Daoist canon, the work's five-element cosmology and detailed lunar-mansion astrology reflect the Han and post-Han synthesis of astronomical science, Confucian political philosophy, and Daoist cosmological thought.

The five planets correspond to the five elements (wuxing): Jupiter to Wood and the East (Azure Emperor, son); Mars to Fire and the South (Red Emperor, son); Saturn to Earth and the Center (Yellow Emperor, son); Venus to Metal and the West (White Emperor, son); Mercury to Water and the North (Black Emperor, son). Each planet's position in the twenty-eight lunar mansions (xiu) is read as a portent of political fortune, natural phenomena, and individual fate. The text prescribes ritual remedies — wearing specific colors, making offerings, performing devotional acts — corresponding to each planet's element.

Three terms warrant brief glossing: 太微 (Grand Subtlety) and 紫微 (Purple Tenuity) are distinct celestial regions of the Daoist cosmos; they should not be confused. 軒轅 (Xuanyuan) refers both to the mythic Yellow Emperor and to a constellation in Leo near Regulus, used here in the latter sense. The twenty-eight xiu (lunar mansions) are transliterated by their English meanings rather than Chinese names throughout, for clarity of reading; their Chinese names appear in the source text below.

Translated from Classical Chinese for the first time in English by the New Tianmu Anglican Church, April 2026, with AI assistance (Claude, Anthropic). Source: Kanseki Repository digital edition of the Zhengtong Daozang (KR5c0376, HFL witness), kanripo.org, open access. No prior English translation of this text is known to exist. Translation independently derived from the Classical Chinese source; no paraphrase of any prior English work was consulted, as none exists. Blood Rule observed.

Compiled and formatted for the Good Work Library by the New Tianmu Anglican Church, 2026.

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Source Text: 太上洞神五星讚

Classical Chinese source text from the Zhengtong Daozang (DZ 0976), Kanseki Repository digital edition (KR5c0376, HFL witness), Kanseki Repository project (kanripo.org), open access. Mandoku display artifacts (¶ line-break markers and pb: page-break tags) have been stripped; archaic and variant characters retained as they appear in the Kanripo edition. Presented here for reference, study, and verification alongside the English translation above.

太上洞神五星讚淵二
張平子撰

東方歲星一名木星一名嗢吺斯屬東方主齊吴

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南方熒惑星一名火星一名雲漢一名罰星屬南方楚越

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中央鎮星一名地侯一名雞换主周梁

爰有鎮星中央土精黄帝之子地侯别名所在之國不可加兵其分無災五穀熟成人君昌樂由君之貞君若内無仁義外猶華飾其星失度爲妖爲慝上亂下争東西叛逆上天降災爲雹爲霖山崩地坼鬼哭哀吟與木相犯妃后殞傾與水相合軍敗連營抵角後宮有喜入亢萬物無成犯房兵起地動歷氐儲副歡榮守心聖主有德在尾盗賊公行繞箕水災人散入斗登位無争環牛賊臣謀主犯女暴貴縱横乘虚風寒米貴入危公役灾生犯室廣修宫殿繞壁道術彰明乘奎女貴水湧守婁奸詐臣生勾胃水饑兵亂勾昴將出西征犯畢公侯受廢乘觜邑破人驚環參大臣出使入井炎旱灾并在鬼臣佐異謀犯柳天下和平留星萬方皆理居張五穀不停入軫穀傷兵起守冀寰宇廓清掩鉞大臣誅戮犯法將相憂烹凡厥在位知幾知微克勤奉法敬天之威福延胤祚邦家之基土星鐵身所到宿分不修德政其地灾殃若宫宿闊遠灾乃十年或乃諸侯死喪百姓饑儉不順國命則興攻戰之灾土主不修令德則水旱不調蟲傷穀麥修福則加官益禄到人本命生宿則爲大灾或父母喪亡或兄弟離析失官落職發舊口舌令人孤恓其所禳法宜轉金簡玉經著皂衣服宜乘騮馬燒安息香施魚鱉食設水府醮造功德則吉

西方太白星一名金星一名長庚一名那頡主西蕃胡人也

太白之星少陰之精白帝之子亦曰長庚所主者義其大而明將軍之象誅罰爲名怒則芒㪍叱吒喜則斂角潜形過火凶喪相次合水遠邇加兵犯角天下兵戰入亢水賊並生守氐將軍受封居心蟲火縱横在房土功干國犯尾失政人争守箕風旱有赦入斗灾禍難平環牛地炁發泄抵女府庫皆傾乘危將軍解甲犯室武士休征入奎川源泛溢守壁國用嚴刑乘婁白衣有會入胃守内安寧犯昴胡兵大起守畢有赦兵行乘觜參野有易政歷井鬼臣將憂并入柳元戎益封留星戰死連營勾翼軫諸侯大振師旅入軒轅人主建旆懸旌守天田人受爵禄當午地戎虜肆意峥嶸失舍邪亡軍破不見殺將屠城或山崩四面執役侵貴君柔臣强兵鋒轉戰互執台權祅祥屢見臣節見虧主心邪變嗚呼有土之君股肱之臣不僣不濫敬天畏神道以理國德以匡身福留後嗣化及人民金星太白大將軍主義主伐主兵革八年一周天所臨宿分多兵革焉臨人本命宿則好邪行音樂也所禳之法宜講武教旗吉

北方辰星一名水星一名嘀屬北方主燕趙

北方辰星亦曰水精黑帝之子偏將之形所主者聽伺察君臣之情所在之位憂而不寧君若審其法度明其教令遠其讒邪親其忠正無縱慾逸邦家之慶君若不理城闕不任賢臣縱捨由己昵比小人上天垂象災及其鄰五穀不稔風雨不均陰陽錯亂饑寒荐臻與金合而干戈動被土犯而元戎厄睹芒角而知大小災祥審伏見察君臣譴謫暴水漲而色青大喪發而虚白其順也春晨而秋夕其爲也冬温而夏寒逼太陽而掩映接少陰而交歡守角刑速而水災留亢米穀騰湧在心天下太平守房奸臣謀動居尾江海横流入箕大人憂懼犯虚宿萬里赤地乘斗牛百川决壅凌女布帛倍貴守危亂臣繼纏入奎臣下被囚守胃兵水人愁繞畢邊兵驚速在昴執政刑流勾觜兵災爲孽入井水土相讎乘參入鬼水災兵起疾疫多憂留柳星貴臣得罪守軫翼宗廟宜修逼太微群臣相害守軒轅后族多仇入壁朝廷咸懼犯氐獄訴稽留居張貴臣專國犯室后黨被收守婁水敗萬物在建相讚難休緬惟有土敬慎其儀兢兢慄慄居安苦危勤修令德福履綏之水星樞相也主天王祕要改受侯伯爵禄之事一年一周天所到分野多主水灾兵超妖言或人令心不定好食辛酸所禳之法宜築城池開渠引水則吉

Source Colophon

Source text: 太上洞神五星讚, Zhengtong Daozang (DZ 0976), Dongshen section, Eulogy and Praise division (洞神部讚頌類). Kanseki Repository digital edition (KR5c0376, HFL witness), Kanseki Repository project (kanripo.org), open access. Zhengtong Daozang, 三家本 (Three-House Edition), 1988 reprint, fascicle "Yuan 2" (淵二). Mandoku format artifacts stripped; archaic variant characters normalized for readability while preserving original text content. Some variant characters of uncertain identification (嗢吺斯, the name of Jupiter in one tradition; 𢘩婺, a compound of uncertain meaning in the Jupiter moral address; 𦍙, a rare character in the Mars section; 雞换, an alternate name for Saturn) are transliterated or left in context-bracketed glosses in the translation. Companion text from the same fascicle, 㓜真先生服內元氣訣, was not part of the staged source file and is not included here.

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