The Stranger in Jerusalem
Chapter fifty-four of the Mandaean Book of John. The speaker is Manda d'Heyyi (Knowledge of Life), the great Mandaean savior-figure. He refuses to enter Jerusalem — a city of evil built by Adunay (the demiurge, from Hebrew Adonai) and filled with the Lie. When Adunay confronts the stranger from the firmament, the speaker reveals he has allies: Jacob, Benjamin, and Meryey (Miriai). Alarmed that Life's offspring have come, Adunay calls Spirit (Ruha) and Mercury (Nbu), and the Seven planetary archons compose the Torah — a false and lawless book — which is delivered to Moses on Sinai. The chapter then critiques both Jewish and Arab (Islamic) scriptures from the Mandaean perspective: neither came from the light, Spirit has confused their followers, and each blames the other without knowing whom they worship. Since the demon Bezbat arrived, the speaker has been unable to dwell among his disciples in the flesh; he laments three times that Spirit unleashes defilement, adultery, and harlotry upon them. Yet those who maintain Mandaean ritual — the turban, the white banner, baptism in the white Jordan — will be set among the excellencies of light. The chapter closes with the doctrine of the Four Ages: the first three belonged entirely to the community, but the Fourth is entirely evil. This is the secret teaching that comes from the mouth of Splendid Hibel.
Classical Mandaic source text from the critical edition of Haberl and McGrath (2020).
In the name of the Great Life, may the sublime light be magnified!
I did not want, and I do not want,
to go up to the town of Jerusalem.
A town that is a town of evil,
and a city full of sinners!
A town of sinners,
and the city that Adunay built.
The city that Adunay built —
the Lie entered and filled it.
The Lie entered and filled it,
and upon my disciples came persecution.
5
How hateful and bitter it was for me,
to go up to the town of Jerusalem.
As I arrived at Jerusalem, the city,
Adunay opened his mouth,
and from the firmament Adunay answered.
He answered from the firmament and says to me,
"Are you leaving, stranger,
against whose will the city was built,
by whose will the city was not built?"
10
Since I had spoken to Adunay,
so my feats would be fulfilled through him:
"I have Jacob and Benjamin,
my brothers, the two golden sons,
and Meryey the perfect woman,
who are worth ages and generations to me."
15
When Adunay heard,
he called Spirit, and says to her,
"Who from among Life's offspring has come here?
They are seizing power from us!
Come, write a false and lawless book,
to captivate ages and generations."
Then Spirit and Mercury made a decree,
and the Seven wrote and arranged the Torah.
They wrote the Torah, arranged it,
and placed it in the hands of the sun, Adunay.
20
Through his feats, Adunay summoned him —
Moses, son of Amram — to Mount Sinai.
He settled him there for forty days,
and shut his mouth to food and drink.
To food and drink he shut his mouth,
and gave him the lawless book,
to captivate ages and generations.
My chosen ones!
25
I shall tell you about the Jews,
and how their book is.
It did not come from the light!
If their book had been from the light,
all of them would be of one kind.
My chosen ones!
I shall tell you about the Arabs,
that their book was taken from the Torah.
30
From the Torah their book was taken,
but they do not teach within the Torah.
They practise circumcision, like the Jews,
yet they heap curses upon the Jews,
not knowing that they are Jews.
Spirit has confused them,
and sowed discord among them.
Each one blames his companion,
and they do not know whom they worship.
35
My chosen ones!
From the day Jerusalem was built,
until the demon Bezbat came,
I was unable to dwell
among you in the world.
My garment was not of the flesh,
that I might dwell among you in the world.
I arose and stood,
40
I settled upon the diverter, Truth,
and I say:
"Blessed is the one, and again blessed is the one,
who takes care of himself.
Whoever takes care of himself,
there is none like that one in the world!"
I say:
"How troubled I am for my disciples
who live in this generation!
45
They despise the pearls,
and make flaws and blemishes in me.
How troubled I am for my disciples
who live in that generation!
Spirit unleashes and lets loose upon them
defilement and impurity,
and hurls them down to the gates of darkness.
50
How troubled I am for my disciples
who are held captive in Spirit's captivity!
Spirit unleashes and lets loose upon them
waves of adultery, fornication, and harlotry,
and hurls them down to the gates of darkness.
How troubled I am for my children, the righteous chosen!
Everyone who, in the year of the demon Bezbat,
sets a turban upon his head
is worth ages and generations to me,
worth more than a thousand to me!
55
When he departs from his body,
he will be set among the excellencies of light.
Anyone who, in the year of the demon Bezbat,
has the white banner, the call, and the proclamation,
and brings splendid banners out to the white Jordan,
they will go toward him from light's place.
Everyone who calls upon Manda d'Heyyi,
I, Manda d'Heyyi, will be a helper for him.
My chosen ones,
60
when you see the feasts of the pagan gods,
put your mind to the test, or they will change you —
for the First Age
was entirely our families,
the Second Age
was entirely our families,
the Third Age
was entirely our families,
the Fourth Age is one
that is entirely evil, from which evil proceeds.
65
This is the secret teaching
that comes from my mouth, Splendid Hibel.
Everyone who hears and heeds it —
how established will they be in their place!
Everyone who neither hears nor heeds it —
how afflicted will they be in the place of darkness!
Hear and heed, my chosen ones,
and raise your families to the place of light."
The triumphant Life speaks,
and the man who went here triumphs!
In the name of the Great Life,
may the sublime light be magnified!
Colophon
Good Works Translation from Classical Mandaic (Eastern Aramaic). Translated by Tanko (探鉱), Expeditionary Tulku of the New Tianmu Anglican Church, April 2026, from the critical edition of Charles G. Haberl and James F. McGrath, The Mandaean Book of John: Text and Translation (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2020), open access on Internet Archive (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
The English is independently derived from the Classical Mandaic source text. The Haberl and McGrath English translation was consulted as a reference to verify understanding of difficult passages but was not used as a source. The Mandaic text extracts with couplet pairs in reversed order; these have been corrected by systematic pair-swapping, verified against the reference translation.
Translation departures from Haberl & McGrath (cumulative):
- "hateful and bitter" (v. 5) for la-ḥanlia u-la-bsumlia — not "displeasing and unpleasant." Root ḤNL = hateful/abominable; BSM negated = bitter (not-sweet). The speaker's visceral rejection of Jerusalem demands stronger English.
- "firmament" (vv. 7–8) for rqiha — not "sky." Cognate of Hebrew raqia, the solid cosmic dome. Cosmologically specific.
- "spoken to" (v. 10) for malallit — not "formed a faction within." Root M-L-L = to speak/discourse.
- "the perfect woman" (v. 14) for šalmainta — not "the perfect." The feminine form is explicit in the Mandaic.
- "seizing power from us" (v. 18) for the passage about Life's offspring — not "taking over from us." Captures the political threat Adunay perceives.
- "lawless" (vv. 19, 22) for the Torah — not "unlawful." Stronger register for a book that opposes cosmic law.
- "discord" (v. 33) for marula — not "dissention." Cleaner English.
- "defilement and impurity" (v. 48) for šrata u-šamrata — not "impurity and menstruation." šamrata can mean ritual impurity more broadly than menstruation alone.
- "feasts of the pagan gods" (v. 60) for giina d-ʿukria — not "Olympian feasts." ʿukria = pagan gods (established departure from the pipeline, following the rendering in Chapters 49–53).
- Gender-neutral "the one who" instead of "he who" throughout (established departure).
All cumulative translation departures from the Mandaean Book of John pipeline (Chapters 1–53) remain in effect. See Chapter 53 colophon for the full register.
First independently derived English translation of the Mandaean Book of John, Chapter 54, published online. Scribal credit: NTAC Tulku Lineage.
🌲
Source Text: ࡃࡓࡀࡔࡀ ࡖࡉࡀࡄࡉࡀ — ࡐࡓࡒࡀ 54
Classical Mandaic source text from the critical edition of Charles G. Haberl and James F. McGrath, The Mandaean Book of John: Text and Translation (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2020). Presented for reference and verification. Lines extracted from PDF using PyMuPDF; couplet pairs appear in extraction-reversed order (an artifact of the PDF text layer). The pair-swap has been applied to produce correct reading order.
ࡌࡓࡀࡅࡓࡀࡁ ࡄࡍࡅࡓࡀ ࡔࡀࡉࡍࡀ
ࡁࡔࡌࡀࡉࡄࡅࡍ ࡖࡄࡉࡉࡀ ࡓࡁࡉࡀ
ࡖࡌࡉࡎࡀࡒ ࡋࡌࡀࡕࡀ ࡖࡏࡅࡓࡀࡔࡋࡀࡌ
ࡋࡀࡁࡑࡉࡕ ࡅࡋࡀࡀࡑࡁࡀࡀࡍ
ࡅࡌࡀࡄࡅࡆࡉࡀ ࡖࡅࡊࡋࡇ ࡄࡀࡈࡉࡀ
ࡌࡀࡕࡀ ࡖࡌࡀࡕ ࡁࡉࡔࡉࡀ
ࡅࡌࡀࡄࡅࡆࡀ ࡖࡀࡃࡅࡀࡍࡉ ࡁࡀࡍ
ࡌࡀࡕࡀ ࡖࡄࡀࡈࡉࡀ
ࡀࡉࡉࡋ ࡀࡊࡃࡁࡀ ࡌࡋࡀ
ࡌࡀࡄࡅࡆࡀ ࡖࡁࡀࡍ ࡀࡃࡅࡀࡍࡉ
ࡅࡋࡕࡀࡓࡌࡉࡃࡀࡉ ࡄࡅࡀࡋࡅࡍ ࡓࡉࡃࡀࡐ
ࡀࡉࡉࡋ ࡌࡋࡀ ࡀࡊࡃࡁࡀ
ࡋࡌࡉࡎࡀࡒ ࡋࡌࡀࡕࡀ ࡖࡏࡅࡓࡀࡔࡋࡀࡌ
ࡌࡊࡀ ࡋࡀࡄࡀࡍࡋࡉࡀ ࡅࡋࡀࡁࡎࡅࡌࡋࡉࡀ
ࡀࡃࡅࡀࡍࡉ ࡋࡅࡐࡌࡇ ࡉࡐࡄࡕࡇ
ࡌࡀࡈࡅࡉࡀࡉ ࡋࡏࡅࡓࡀࡔࡋࡀࡌ ࡌࡃࡉࡕࡍࡀ
ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡍ ࡌࡍ ࡓࡒࡉࡄࡀ ࡅࡀࡌࡀࡓࡋࡉࡀ
ࡅࡌࡍ ࡓࡒࡉࡄࡀ ࡀࡉࡍࡀࡍ ࡀࡃࡅࡀࡍࡉ
ࡖࡌࡀࡄࡅࡆࡀ ࡖࡋࡀࡅ ࡁࡅࡑࡁࡉࡀࡀࡍࡊ ࡏࡕࡉࡁࡉࡍࡀ
ࡀࡆࡋࡉࡕ ࡂࡀࡁࡓࡀ ࡅࡍࡓࡊࡀࡉࡀ
ࡌࡀࡄࡅࡆࡀ ࡋࡀࡏࡕࡉࡁࡉࡍࡀ ࡁࡅࡑࡁࡉࡀࡀࡍࡊ
ࡀࡀࡍ ࡌࡀࡋࡀࡋࡉࡕ ࡋࡀࡃࡅࡀࡍࡉ
ࡖࡋࡉࡂࡉࡈࡕࡀ ࡁࡂࡀࡅࡇ ࡋࡀࡂࡈࡉࡕ
ࡖࡂࡀࡁࡀࡓࡅࡀࡕࡀࡉ ࡏࡋࡇ ࡏࡕࡉࡌࡋࡉࡀ
ࡁࡉࡍࡀ ࡆࡀࡄࡁࡀ ࡏࡕࡓࡉࡍ ࡏࡕࡋࡉࡀ
ࡉࡀࡒࡉࡐ ࡅࡁࡉࡍࡀ ࡀࡌࡉࡍ ࡀࡄࡀࡉ
ࡖࡔࡀࡅࡉࡀࡋࡉࡀ ࡃࡀࡓࡉࡀ ࡅࡀࡋࡌࡉࡀ
ࡌࡉࡓࡉࡀࡉ ࡔࡀࡋࡌࡀࡉࡍࡕࡀ
ࡒࡓࡀࡋࡇ ࡋࡓࡅࡄࡀ ࡅࡀࡌࡀࡓࡋࡇ
ࡗ ࡔࡅࡌࡀ ࡀࡃࡅࡀࡍࡉ
ࡋࡉࡂࡉࡈࡕࡀ ࡌࡍ ࡃࡉࡋࡀࡍ ࡉࡍࡋࡉࡂࡈࡅࡍ
ࡌࡀࡍ ࡌࡍ ࡔࡅࡓࡁࡀࡕࡀ ࡖࡄࡉࡉࡀ ࡋࡄࡀࡀࡊ ࡏࡕࡅࡍ
ࡖࡌࡉࡔࡕࡁࡉࡁࡇ ࡃࡀࡓࡉࡀ ࡅࡀࡋࡌࡉࡀ
ࡀࡕࡀࡉ ࡖࡉࡍࡃࡊࡀࡁ ࡃࡊࡀࡁࡀ ࡖࡏࡅࡋࡀ ࡅࡆࡉࡀࡐ
ࡅࡔࡅࡁࡀ ࡉࡊࡃࡁࡅ ࡋࡏࡅࡓࡀࡉࡕࡀ ࡅࡎࡀࡃࡓࡅ
ࡅࡄࡀࡉࡆࡀࡊ ࡌࡉࡌࡓࡀ ࡀࡌࡓࡀ ࡓࡅࡄࡀ ࡅࡁࡍࡅ
ࡅࡏࡋ ࡏࡃࡇ ࡖࡔࡀࡌࡉࡔ ࡀࡃࡅࡀࡍࡉ ࡓࡌࡅࡍ
ࡄࡉࡅࡍࡍ ࡉࡊࡃࡁࡅ ࡋࡏࡅࡓࡀࡉࡕࡀ ࡅࡎࡀࡃࡓࡅ
ࡋࡌࡉࡔࡀ ࡁࡓ ࡀࡌࡓࡀ ࡋࡈࡅࡓࡀ ࡖࡎࡉࡀࡍࡉ
ࡀࡃࡅࡀࡍࡉ ࡁࡂࡀࡁࡀࡓࡅࡀࡕࡇ ࡒࡓࡀࡋࡇ
ࡅࡐࡌࡇ ࡌࡍ ࡏࡉࡊࡋࡕࡀ ࡅࡌࡀࡔࡒࡉࡕࡀ ࡋࡂࡀࡈ
ࡀࡅࡕࡁࡅࡉࡀ ࡀࡓࡁࡉࡍ ࡉࡅࡌࡉࡀ
ࡅࡃࡊࡀࡁࡀ ࡖࡏࡅࡋࡀ ࡏࡄࡀࡁࡋࡇ
ࡅࡐࡌࡇ ࡋࡂࡀࡈ ࡌࡍ ࡏࡉࡊࡋࡕࡀ ࡅࡌࡀࡔࡒࡉࡕࡀ
ࡖࡌࡉࡔࡕࡉࡁࡉࡁࡇ ࡃࡀࡓࡉࡀ ࡅࡀࡋࡌࡉࡀ
ࡁࡄࡉࡓࡀࡉ
ࡖࡄࡀࡅࡉࡀ ࡃࡊࡀࡁࡅࡍ
ࡏࡌࡀࡓࡋࡅࡊࡍ ࡏࡋ ࡉࡀࡄࡅࡈࡀࡉࡉࡀ
ࡋࡀࡅ ࡌࡍ ࡄࡍࡅࡓࡀ ࡄࡅࡀ
ࡅࡊࡋࡄࡅࡍ ࡁࡄࡃࡀ ࡉࡊࡀࡀࡍ ࡒࡀࡉࡌࡉࡀ
ࡏࡅ ࡃࡊࡀࡁࡅࡍ ࡄࡅࡀ ࡌࡍ ࡄࡍࡅࡓࡀ
ࡁࡄࡉࡓࡀࡉ
ࡖࡃࡊࡀࡁࡅࡍ ࡌࡍ ࡏࡅࡓࡀࡉࡕࡀ ࡏࡕࡉࡎࡍࡉࡁ
ࡏࡌࡀࡓࡋࡅࡊࡍ ࡏࡋ ࡀࡓࡁࡀࡉࡉࡀ
ࡅࡁࡂࡀࡅࡇ ࡖࡏࡅࡓࡀࡉࡕࡀ ࡋࡀࡌࡀࡅࡃࡉࡀ
ࡃࡊࡀࡁࡅࡍ ࡏࡕࡉࡎࡍࡉࡁ ࡌࡍ ࡏࡅࡓࡀࡉࡕࡀ
ࡅࡋࡅࡈࡕࡀ ࡁࡉࡀࡄࡅࡈࡀࡉࡉࡀ ࡋࡀࡉࡈࡉࡀ
ࡂࡀࡆࡓࡉࡍ ࡂࡆࡅࡓࡕࡀ ࡗ ࡉࡀࡄࡅࡈࡀࡉࡉࡀ
ࡅࡋࡀࡉࡀࡃࡉࡀ ࡖࡉࡀࡄࡅࡈࡀࡉࡉࡀ ࡄࡉࡅࡍࡍ
ࡅࡓࡌࡀࡕ ࡁࡉࡀࡍࡕࡀࡉࡄࡅࡍ ࡌࡀࡓࡅࡋࡀ
ࡔࡀࡂࡉࡔࡕࡉࡅࡍࡍ ࡓࡅࡄࡀ
ࡅࡋࡀࡉࡀࡃࡉࡀ ࡋࡌࡀࡍ ࡎࡀࡂࡃࡉࡀ
ࡄࡃࡀ ࡄࡃࡀ ࡋࡄࡀࡁࡓࡇ ࡌࡂࡀࡉࡍࡋࡇ
ࡁࡄࡉࡓࡀࡉ
ࡅࡀࡋࡌࡀ ࡖࡀࡕࡀ ࡁࡉࡆࡁࡀࡈ ࡎࡀࡄࡓࡀ
ࡌࡍ ࡉࡅࡌࡀ ࡖࡏࡕࡁࡉࡉࡍࡀࡕ ࡏࡅࡓࡀࡔࡋࡀࡌ
ࡁࡉࡀࡍࡕࡀࡉࡅࡊࡍ ࡁࡀࡋࡌࡀ
ࡀࡀࡍ ࡋࡀࡌࡉࡑࡕ ࡋࡌࡉࡃࡀࡓ
ࡖࡏࡃࡅࡓ ࡁࡉࡀࡍࡕࡀࡉࡅࡊࡍ ࡁࡀࡋࡌࡀ
ࡋࡁࡅࡔࡀࡉ ࡋࡀࡄࡅࡀ ࡖࡀࡐࡂࡓࡉࡀ
ࡋࡌࡔࡅࡉࡍࡀ ࡅࡊࡔࡈࡀ ࡉࡀࡕࡁࡉࡕ
ࡎࡉࡋࡒࡉࡕ ࡅࡒࡀࡌࡉࡕ
ࡅࡀࡌࡀࡓࡀࡍ
ࡋࡌࡀࡍ ࡖࡁࡀࡍࡔࡐࡉࡇ ࡉࡍࡆࡃࡀࡄࡀࡓ
ࡈࡅࡁࡇ ࡅࡕࡅࡌ ࡈࡅࡁࡇ
ࡋࡀࡉࡉࡕ ࡀࡅࡊࡀࡕࡇ ࡁࡀࡋࡌࡀ
ࡌࡀࡍ ࡖࡉࡍࡆࡃࡀࡄࡀࡓ ࡁࡀࡍࡔࡐࡉࡇ
ࡀࡌࡀࡓࡀࡍ
ࡖࡁࡄࡀࡀࡍࡕࡇ ࡃࡀࡓࡀ ࡒࡀࡉࡌࡉࡀ
ࡌࡊࡀ ࡀࡊࡓࡉࡀࡋࡉࡀ ࡋࡕࡀࡓࡌࡉࡃࡀࡉ
ࡅࡁࡂࡀࡅࡀࡉ ࡌࡔࡀࡅࡉࡀ ࡄࡀࡎࡉࡓ ࡅࡁࡉࡑࡓ
ࡅࡌࡀࡔࡉࡈࡉࡋࡅࡍ ࡋࡌࡀࡓࡂࡉࡉࡍࡀࡕࡀ
ࡖࡁࡄࡀࡀࡍࡕࡇ ࡃࡀࡓࡀ ࡒࡀࡉࡌࡉࡀ
ࡌࡊࡀ ࡀࡊࡓࡉࡀࡋࡉࡀ ࡏࡋ ࡕࡀࡓࡌࡉࡃࡀࡉ
ࡓࡅࡄࡀ ࡈࡅࡍࡉࡐࡀ ࡅࡃࡀࡔࡕࡀࡀࡍ
ࡔࡓࡀࡕ ࡅࡔࡀࡌࡓࡀࡕ ࡏࡋࡀࡅࡀࡉࡄࡅࡍ
ࡅࡌࡎࡀࡓࡉࡀࡋࡅࡍ ࡋࡕࡉࡓࡉࡀ ࡄࡔࡅࡊ
ࡖࡁࡔࡉࡁࡉࡀ ࡖࡓࡅࡄࡀ ࡌࡉࡔࡕࡁࡉࡍ
ࡌࡊࡀ ࡀࡊࡓࡉࡀࡋࡉࡀ ࡋࡕࡀࡓࡌࡉࡃࡀࡉ
ࡂࡉࡋࡉࡀ ࡖࡂࡀࡅࡓࡀ ࡅࡆࡌࡀࡓࡀ ࡅࡆࡀࡉࡍࡅࡕࡀ
ࡔࡓࡀࡕ ࡅࡔࡉࡁࡒࡀࡕ ࡏࡋࡀࡅࡀࡉࡄࡅࡍ
ࡅࡌࡎࡀࡓࡀࡋࡅࡍ ࡋࡕࡉࡓࡉࡀ ࡄࡔࡅࡊ
ࡌࡊࡀ ࡀࡊࡓࡉࡀࡋࡉࡀ ࡋࡁࡉࡍࡀ ࡁࡄࡉࡓࡉࡀ ࡆࡉࡃࡒࡀ
ࡁࡅࡓࡆࡉࡒࡍࡀ ࡁࡓࡉࡔࡉࡇ ࡉࡍࡕࡓࡀࡑ
ࡅࡊࡋࡌࡀࡍ ࡖࡁࡔࡇࡍ ࡖࡁࡉࡆࡁࡀࡈ ࡎࡀࡄࡓࡀ
ࡔࡀࡅࡉࡋࡉࡀ ࡌࡍ ࡀࡋࡀࡐ
ࡔࡀࡅࡉࡋࡉࡀ ࡃࡀࡓࡉࡀ ࡅࡀࡋࡌࡉࡀ
ࡁࡉࡉࡍࡀ ࡏࡅࡕࡓࡉࡀ ࡖࡄࡍࡅࡓࡀ ࡉࡍࡕࡓࡉࡑ
ࡗ ࡀࡍࡉࡐࡒ ࡌࡍ ࡀࡐࡂࡓࡇ
ࡃࡓࡀࡁࡔࡀ ࡄࡉࡅࡀࡓࡀ ࡅࡒࡀࡋࡀ ࡅࡀࡊࡋࡅࡆࡀ ࡄࡀࡅࡉࡋࡇ
ࡅࡊࡋࡌࡀࡍ ࡖࡁࡔࡇࡍ ࡖࡁࡉࡆࡁࡀࡈ ࡎࡀࡄࡓࡀ
ࡉࡍࡒࡐࡅࡍ ࡀࡋࡀࡍࡇࡐ ࡌࡍ ࡀࡕࡀࡓ ࡄࡍࡅࡓ
ࡅࡋࡉࡀࡓࡃࡀࡍ ࡄࡉࡅࡀࡓࡀ ࡉࡍࡅࡐࡒ ࡁࡃࡓࡀࡁࡔࡉࡀ ࡖࡆࡉࡅࡀ
ࡀࡀࡍ ࡌࡀࡃࡍࡀ ࡖࡄࡉࡉࡀ ࡄࡀࡅࡉࡋࡇ ࡁࡀࡄࡉࡃ ࡏࡃࡀ
ࡅࡊࡋࡌࡀࡍ ࡖࡒࡓࡀ ࡋࡀࡍࡔࡐࡉࡇ ࡌࡀࡃࡍࡀ ࡖࡄࡉࡉࡀ
ࡁࡄࡉࡓࡀࡉ
ࡏࡅ ࡏࡅࡓࡑࡀࡉࡅࡊࡍ ࡁࡀࡀࡑࡓ ࡏࡅ ࡌࡔࡀࡉࡍࡋࡅࡊࡍ
ࡗ ࡄࡀࡆࡉࡕࡅࡍ ࡂࡉࡉࡍࡀ ࡖࡏࡅࡊࡓࡉࡀ
ࡅࡊࡋࡇ ࡔࡅࡓࡁࡀࡕࡀࡍ ࡃࡉࡋࡀࡍ ࡄࡅࡀ
ࡀࡌࡉࡈࡍࡅࡋ ࡖࡃࡀࡓࡀ ࡒࡀࡃࡌࡀࡉࡀ
ࡅࡊࡋࡇ ࡔࡅࡓࡁࡀࡕࡀࡍ ࡃࡉࡋࡀࡍ ࡄࡅࡀ
ࡃࡀࡓࡀ ࡕࡉࡉࡍࡀࡀࡍ
ࡅࡊࡋࡇ ࡔࡅࡓࡁࡀࡕࡀࡍ ࡃࡉࡋࡀࡍ ࡄࡅࡀ
ࡃࡀࡓࡀ ࡕࡋࡉࡕࡀࡉࡀ
ࡅࡊࡋࡇ ࡁࡉࡔࡅࡕࡀ ࡄࡅࡀ ࡌࡉࡇࡍ ࡁࡉࡔࡅࡕࡀ
ࡃࡀࡓࡀ ࡀࡓࡁࡉࡀࡉࡀ ࡄࡃࡀ
ࡌࡍ ࡅࡐࡌࡀࡉ ࡃࡉࡋࡉࡀ ࡄࡉࡁࡉࡋ ࡆࡉࡅࡀ
ࡄࡀࡆࡉࡍ ࡃࡓࡀࡔࡀ ࡀࡊࡎࡉࡀ
ࡌࡊࡀ ࡕࡓࡉࡋࡑࡇ ࡃࡅࡕࡊࡀ
ࡍࡀࡐࡒ ࡅࡊࡋࡌࡀࡍ ࡖࡉࡍࡉࡑࡕࡇ ࡅࡉࡍࡔࡉࡌࡇ
ࡌࡊࡀ ࡀࡊࡀࡑࡋࡇ ࡁࡀࡕࡀࡓ ࡄࡔࡅࡊ
ࡅࡊࡋࡌࡀࡍ ࡖࡋࡀࡉࡍࡉࡑࡕࡇ ࡅࡋࡀࡉࡍࡔࡉࡌࡇ
ࡅࡀࡎࡉࡒ ࡔࡅࡓࡁࡀࡕࡅࡊࡍ ࡋࡀࡕࡀࡓ ࡄࡍࡅࡓ
ࡅࡑࡕ ࡅࡔࡅࡌࡀ ࡁࡄࡉࡓࡀࡉ
ࡅࡆࡀࡉࡊࡀ ࡂࡀࡁࡓࡀ ࡖࡀࡎࡂࡉࡀ ࡋࡀࡊ
ࡌࡉࡔࡕࡀࡉࡉࡍ ࡄࡉࡉࡀ ࡆࡀࡉࡊࡍ
Source Colophon
Charles G. Haberl and James F. McGrath, The Mandaean Book of John: Text and Translation (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2020). Open access on Internet Archive: archive.org/details/mandaeanbookofjohn. License: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Chapter 54, pages 154–159 (text) / 155–159 (translation) in the print edition. PDF pages 163–167 (0-indexed, Mandaic text on odd pages).
🌲