The River Omens

✦ ─── ⟐ ─── ✦

Tablet 61 of Šumma Ālu


Tablet 61 of Šumma Ālu ina mēlê šakin ("If a City is Set on a Height") — the great Mesopotamian encyclopedia of terrestrial omens. While the celestial omen series Enūma Anu Enlil read the heavens and the diagnostic series Sakikkû read the human body, the Šumma Ālu read everything on the ground: cities, houses, animals, plants, rivers, fields, insects, and weather. It is the largest omen series in cuneiform literature — over one hundred tablets cataloguing the meaning of everyday phenomena.

This tablet reads the river. Organized by month from Nisannu (Month I) through Addaru (Month XII), it catalogues the meaning of flood timing, water color, surface phenomena, aquatic creatures, and substances found in city ditches. The river's shade of red — reddened, pale, or dark — predicts whether the harvest will prosper. Dragonflies read by their color foretell the land's fortune. Beer appearing in the city's ditch means noble wives will die by the sword. The entire hydrological cycle is a text to be read.

Neo-Assyrian copy from the Library of Ashurbanipal at Nineveh (7th century BCE). The series itself is Old Babylonian in origin (early 2nd millennium BCE), with continuous scribal transmission for over a thousand years. K.47 (British Museum) preserves four columns and a colophon naming Ashurbanipal. The tablet's own line count reads 167.

This is a Good Works Translation by the New Tianmu Anglican Church. Translated from Akkadian cuneiform (ATF transliteration from the Electronic Babylonian Literature corpus, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München). First freely available English translation.


The Monthly River Omens

Month I — Nisannu

If in Nisannu the flood comes and the river is reddened like blood — [...] will exist.

If the river is like pale blood — diseases in the land will exist.

If the river is like dark blood, its substance mixed — the harvest of the land will not prosper.

If the river carries pale-white, mixed — in the following year, Adad will devastate.

If the river is like the water of a mountain river — in the Apsû, Ea will set an eclipse.

If the river is like curdled water — in the land there will be inquiries.

If the river is yellow-green with ashû-exudate — yellow-green disease in the land will exist.

If the river is like turnip — in the land there will be seizure-disease.

If the river's water flows constantly and upon them dark waters float — in the land there will be plague, or an insignificant person will exist.

If the river, like flood water, constantly upon them [...] floats — in the land there will be plague, or an insignificant person will exist.

If the river is like the beard of a river — on the surface of the river it floats; alternatively, on the surface of the river it sinks — the land will see famine.

If the river is like ox-water — alternatively, like ox-water on the surface of the river it floats; alternatively, it sinks — the land will be seized by its own fear.

If the river is like white clouds and bubbles fall — the harvest of the land will prosper; the land will see contentment in its heart.

If the river is like black clouds — the harvest of the land will carry devastation.

If the river is like clouds constantly stirring — constraint in the land will exist.

If the river, like froth of the mouth, becomes hot — the king of the land will become hostile.

If the river, like salty froth, becomes hot — alternatively, it is bitter — the king of the land, toward his people: favorable; or: not favorable.

Month II — Ayyaru

If in Ayyaru the flood comes and the river waters the fields for plowing — their watering is not favorable. Adad will devour the land, and the land will go forth in hardship.

If the river waters them like [...] — alternatively, like the breath of birds — in the land [...] will exist.

If the river waters them like [...] — fish in the land will exist.

If the river is like well-water, with clouds [...] — the harvest of the land will prosper.

If the river is like the water of extispicy — [...]

If the river is half clear, half turbid — the king of the land will conquer his own land. He will not speak truth.

If the river intertwines like a serpent and pushes against the current — epidemic of donkeys will be seized.

Month III — Simānu

If in Simānu the flood comes and the fields on the river's surface are calm — afterward, Adad will strike the houses.

If a carnelian-red stone lies on the bank of the river and the river's embankment is dammed — they will carry the grain-debt.

If the river's fields are full of frogs — birth-difficulties in the land will exist.

If the high water comes and its water holds much foam — difficult births among cattle and livestock in the land will exist.

Month IV — Du'ūzu

If in Du'ūzu [...] keeps [...] — slavery in the land will exist.

If the river's water constantly [...] — sesame in the land [...]

If the flood comes and its water is like mountain-river water [...] constantly upon them it floats — [...] will not prosper.

If the flood comes and the water constantly flows [...] — fruit of the land [...]

If the flood comes and its water is like turnip [...] — it sinks; alternatively, it floats [...]

Month V — Abu

If in Abu the flood comes and its water [...] — before the water it keeps flowing [...]

If its water is white and foam-[...] — upon the water it lies [...]

If its water is yellow-green and foam-[...] — dates [...]

If its water is white — alternatively, [...] — much, upon [...]

Month VI — Ulūlu

The entries for Ulūlu are badly damaged. Fragments preserve references to rising water, but the protases and apodoses are largely lost.

Month VII — Tašrītu

If in Tašrītu the flood comes and upon them yellow-green water floats — [...]; alternatively, the river's water stands [...]

If its water [...]; alternatively, the river comes and is red — abundance in the land will exist.

Month VIII — Araḫsamna

If the river — its fields produce yellow-green growth, and upon them white waters float — the yield of emmer, broad beans, small beans, and chickpeas will not prosper.

If in Araḫsamna, the fields come like curdled water and upon them reddish-brown foam gathers — when the barley is thick, Adad will devastate.

If the flood is like the water of new, yellow-green potsherds and upon them dark bubbles [...] — their course on the river's surface is calm. Clouds and stones [...]; the rain of heaven — Adad in his thunder [...]

Month IX — Kislīmu

If in Kislīmu the water is clear and the river in its midst [...] — it sinks, and the land [...]

If springs flow and the river in its midst is like river water [...] — in the terrestrial water, the Moon and Sun are seen, and famine [...] The people will sell their children for silver.

If springs flow and the river in its midst [...] — frost and bubbles cover it [...] — a corpse in the land will not [...]

Month X — Ṭebētu

If in Ṭebētu its water is like gypsum before them [...] — in the middle of the river it keeps receding [...]

If its water is like bile before them, flowing in the river [...] — it keeps receding. The breath of the harvest will prosper and the land will be diminished; or: the great land to the small land, for life it will go.

If its water is like bilious water, flowing in the river — from the middle of the river [...] it fills and the river's embankment is receding. The bank of the river; alternatively, its water [...] floats. The small land to the great land, for survival [...]

If the water is like bilious water [...] — salt-crystal; their ground upon [...] Stars. Its water like the water of [...] floats. The flood recedes. Alternatively, its cultivation ends in drought, and the market price in the land will be low.

Month XI — Šabāṭu

If in Šabāṭu water constantly flows and within them smoke [...] — it smells of smoke. Like the River Ordeal God [...] — Ea with the gods of heaven has been gloomy [...]

If water constantly flows and within them smoke [...] — it smells of smoke like the River Ordeal God [...] — Ea with the gods of the earth has been gloomy [...]

The transition to Month XII (Addaru) is broken.


The Flood Calendar

A compressed monthly table using "ditto" (KIMIN) notation — the same flood read in each month yields a different verdict.

If in Abu the flood comes — slaughter of fish; Ea will strike.

If in Ulūlu, ditto — the south wind will be constant, and [...]

If in Tašrītu, ditto — abundance in the land will exist.

If in Araḫsamna, ditto — rain will pour; Adad will destroy the fortifications.

If in Kislīmu, ditto — Adad and Nergal in the land will devour.

If in Ṭebētu, ditto — the great harvest of the land will not prosper.

If in Šabāṭu, ditto — Adad in the countryside will devastate.

If in Addaru, ditto — the heart of the land will be content.


The Blood-Flood Calendar

When the flood's water is specifically blood-colored, the same phenomenon in each month yields a different prophecy.

If in Nisannu the flood comes and its water is reddened like blood — for six years, ditto [...]; Adad will devastate the land [...]

If in Ayyaru, ditto — the people will eat poisonous plants.

If in Simānu, ditto — it will carry the grain-debt; cattle and livestock will fall.

If in Du'ūzu, ditto — deaths in the land will exist; or: slavery in the land will exist.

If in Abu, ditto — a flourishing harvest, the breath of Nisaba.

If in Ulūlu, ditto — rains and floods will be cut off; alternatively, clouds will gather and [...]

If in Tašrītu, ditto — the harvest will prosper; the land, the breath of Nisaba.

If in Araḫsamna, ditto — rains in the land will exist.

If in Kislīmu, ditto — Adad in the land will [...]; or: fall of livestock.

If in Ṭebētu, ditto — the land that has seen hardship will see rest; or: the harvest of the land will prosper. The small land to the great land; alternatively, the great land, for survival it will go.

If in Šabāṭu, ditto — the gods of the land will be angry.

If in Addaru, ditto — the land in abundance will flourish.


Omens of the Rising Water

If the rising water is constant — there will be constraint.

If white — it will carry devastation upon the land.

If black — famine will be seen.

If red — the heart of the land [...] will exist.

If yellow-green — an eclipse of Ea; distress of the land. Alternatively: fall of the army; the breath of Nisaba.

If turbid — the harvest of the land will prosper. Alternatively: [...]

If clear — or: high — distress of the land.

If low — distress of the land.

If thin — the heart of the land will be content; the harvest of the land will prosper.

If the rising water changes repeatedly — the land will be scattered; distress of the land.

If very strong — distress of the land.

If great — distress of the land.

If many — distress of the land.

If the high water is many — distress of the land.

If the high water is fast — distress of the land.

If small — distress of the land.

If constant — the heart of the land will be content.


Omens of the Dam

If the dam is thrown up — or: is carried — the fall of the enemy's land.

If the dams are thrown up — the enemy's fall.


Omens of the Dragonfly

If dragonflies are on the water — or: like tambourines, they are plentiful — an excessive high water will come.

If dragonflies are carried up — the heart of the land will be content.

If white dragonflies are carried up — distress of the land.

If black dragonflies are carried up — the heart of the land will be content.

If red dragonflies are carried up — fall of the enemy; or: to the enemy's land, a fall.

If yellow-green dragonflies are carried up — the land will be scattered.

If dragonflies flee to the meadow — the heart of the land will be content. The rising water [...] (new damage)

If dragonflies press close to the meadow — ditto. If they do not press close — (new damage)

If dragonflies drift toward the meadow — distress of the land.

If dragonflies to the meadow — (new damage)


Omens of the River's Surface

If foam on the surface of the water, like that of a breach, is plentiful — to the land, an excessive flood will come.

If on the surface of the water, like oil, like bitumen — alternatively, like oil, they are gathered and they peel — plague and field-fire will seize the land.

If like gathered waters, abundant, they peel — fever and trembling will seize.

If the river carries water like oil and bitumen — alternatively, like oil the river carries — the army will be seized by famine.

If the river carries oil — that river is an overflowing flood, and its banks are roaring. Flight, destruction — Kesh!

If the river is swollen and its waters do not enter the canals — a high water in the land will exist and it will not be dammed. Alternatively: the river's high water will not exist.

If the river by night rages and devours its bank — that river will be dammed, and the pebble-shore of Shamash will be seen.

Variant reading: If the river carries water like blood — the shedding of blood: the army of Elam will fall by the weapon. Famine will seize the land; or: the enemy and his army by the weapon will fall.

If the river carries its bank — the crown is achieved and will overturn repeatedly. The harvest will rise and the market will be stable.

If the river carries water like mountain oil — cough and headache; or: fever will seize the land.


The River Carries

If the river carries water like dark storm-clouds — the wrath of Ea. The flood will break from the dike.

If the river carries water and oil — the angry gods will return to the land. The land will dwell in a peaceful dwelling.

If the river carries blood — the land will devour the land. House will be hostile to house. Brother will eat the flesh of brother. The troops will be diminished.

If the river in the flood carries water like fire and wind — deaths in the land will exist.

If the river in the flood carries water like white milk (broken) — ditto: the wrath of Ea.

If the river rises in flood and in its midst is cut off — or: recedes — rains and floods will not exist; or: will exist.

If in the river the flood is early — ditto, reddened: divide! Divide early! Its head rises and the flood will go straight; or: will come.


Omens of the Early Flood

If in the river, the early water — the frog has appeared — early sesame is favorable.

If in the river, the early flood — red birds. Alternatively, in the river, the early flood — red birds exist and keep rising — the yield of date-palms will stand.

If in the river, red birds — alternatively, early, red birds have appeared and the decision is cut — alternatively, the decision is far — dates will stand.

If in the river, ravens — before the dust they fill, and they rise and fall — the prosperity of the land: Adad will strike.

If in the river, fish multiply — for the land, a peaceful dwelling.

If the water is muddy and clear, it is disturbed — the flood will stand [...]

If the water is muddy and red waters are disturbed — the flood will return. Alternatively: it will stand [...]

If the water is muddy and red waters are increased [...] and the water of the breach is increased [...]

If in the river, early, heads rise [...]

If in the river the flood is heard, and in its receding [...]

If in the river's meadow, a vine is seen [...]

If the dam, its surface [...] peels. [...] If waters from within them come forth [...] will exist.


Omens of the Water

If the water is like white milk — the wrath of Ea.

If the water is like mountain oil — the heart of [...] will exist.

If on the surface of the water blood is bound and peels — the harvest of the land will prosper.


Omens of the Flood Year

If the rising water is straight — not [...]

If the year of its rising water is early — the harvest of the land [...]

If the year of its rising water is clouded — the harvest will rise and [...]


Omens of Substances in the Flood

If the flood — oil is seen in the land — the end of the dynasty; distress of the land.

If the flood — naphtha is seen in the land — the king will make an overthrow.

If the flood — beer is seen in the city's ditch — the wives of noble men [...]; he will kill with the weapon.

If the flood — milk is seen in the city's ditch — weapon upon weapon will be placed. Throne will press against throne.

If in the city's ditch salt exists — the grain will be rejected.

If in the city's ditch reeds exist — that city will see severe famine.

If in the city's ditch grass exists — that city will be ruined.

If in the city's ditch chaff exists — the market of that city will be diminished.

If in the city's ditch cress exists — in the land, everything, the market will be low.

If in the city's ditch shuppatu-grass exists — ditto [...]

If in the city's ditch kikallû-plant exists — plants will dry up.

If in the ditches of the city caterpillars have appeared — hostility will be set.


The Postscript

If in the place of the river's course, water does not remain — a well from its own accord opens; a spectator sees it and drinks the water. That place will be ruined, and in later days it will be inhabited. Granaries in it they will constantly heap up.


Colophon

167 lines is its count.

Tablet 61, from "If a City is Set on a Height."

Palace of Ashurbanipal, King of the Land of Ashur.


Colophon

Tablet 61 of the Šumma Ālu ina mēlê šakin series. Neo-Assyrian copy from the Library of Ashurbanipal at Nineveh (7th century BCE). British Museum registration number K.47.

This is the first freely available English translation of this tablet. Translated from Akkadian cuneiform by the New Tianmu Anglican Church, 2026. The translation is independently derived from the ATF (ASCII Transliteration Format) transliteration in the Electronic Babylonian Literature corpus, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (CC BY 4.0).

The Šumma Ālu is the largest terrestrial omen series in Mesopotamian literature — over 100 tablets cataloguing omens from cities, houses, animals, rivers, insects, plants, and natural phenomena. It complements the celestial series Enūma Anu Enlil and the diagnostic series Sakikkû. The archive previously held texts from both companion series (K.7931, Three Stars Each; K.261, Omens of the Eyes). This is the first Šumma Ālu tablet in the archive.

Damaged passages are marked with [...]. Where the tablet preserves alternative readings (marked with : in the cuneiform), both are given. Continuation lines from the original are merged into their parent entries. Month names follow the standard Babylonian calendar (Nisannu = Month I, Addaru = Month XII). The scribe's own damage notation (he-pi₂ eš-šu₂, "new break") is preserved where it occurs.

No existing English translation of this specific tablet was consulted. The ATF signs were read against standard Akkadian lexical values. Sign readings follow the eBL corpus conventions.

Compiled and formatted for the Good Work Library by the New Tianmu Anglican Church, 2026.

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Source Text: K.47 — Šumma Ālu Tablet 61

Akkadian cuneiform in ATF transliteration from the Electronic Babylonian Literature corpus (eBL), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. CC BY 4.0. Museum number: K.47, British Museum. Neo-Assyrian period, Library of Ashurbanipal at Nineveh. Presented here for reference, study, and verification alongside the English translation above.

Column 1

  1. DIŠ ina {iti}BARA₂ ILLU DU-ma ID₂ GIM UŠ₂ ṣa-rip [x x x G]AL₂?
  2. DIŠ ID₂ GIM UŠ₂ pe-li-i GIG-MEŠ [ina KU]R GAL₂#-MEŠ
  3. DIŠ ID₂ GIM UŠ₂ da-ʾ-mu su-ma bal-lu BURU₁₄# KUR# NU SI.SA₂
  4. DIŠ ID₂ pu-ṣa-am bal-lu EGIR MU {d#}IŠKUR# RA-iṣ
  5. DIŠ ID₂ GIM A ID₂ KUR.RA ina ABZU {d}e₂#-a AN.MI GAR-an
  6. DIŠ ID₂ GIM A sa-ah-hi ina KUR su-a#-lu₄ GAL₂
  7. DIŠ ID₂ SIG₇.SIG₇ a-šu-u₂ SIG₇.SIG₇ ina KUR GAL₂
  8. DIŠ ID₂ GIM LU.UB₂{sar} ina KUR ah-ha#-zu GAL₂
  9. DIŠ# ID₂ A ka-a-a-ma-nu-tu ina UGU-šu₂-nu A-MEŠ GE₆-MEŠ u[ʾ₂?-x-l]u ina KUR MUŠ.GAR GAL₂
  10. 10?# DIŠ# ID₂ GIM A ILLU ka-a-a-ma-nim-ma ina UGU-šu₂-nu [x (x) u]ʾ₂-ʾu₅-lu₄#
  11. ($___$) ina KUR MUŠ.GAR# lu₂# QAL₃@v GAL₂
  12. DIŠ# ID₂ GIM zi-qin ID₂ ina PIŠ₁₀ ID₂ u₂?#-ta-ʾ-a-lu
  13. ($___$) KIMIN ina PIŠ₁₀ ID₂ u₂-šap-pi₂-lu KUR# SU.GU₇ IGI-mar
  14. DIŠ# ID₂# GIM# A a-la-pe-e KIMIN# G[IM? a-l]a-pe-e ina PIŠ₁₀ ID₂
  15. ($___$) u₂#-ta#-ʾ#-a#-lu# KI[MIN? u₂-ša]p-pi₂-lu KUR u₂-sur-ti NI₂-ša₂ DAB-bat
  16. DIŠ ID₂ GIM IM.GU₂ BABBAR u bu-bu-ʾ-ta₅ ŠUB-MEŠ BURU₁₄ KUR SI.SA₂
  17. ($___$) KUR ŠA₃-bi DUG₃.GA IGI-mar
  18. DIŠ ID₂ GIM IM.GU₂ GE₆ BURU₁₄ KUR bi-ib-lu ub-bal
  19. DIŠ# ID₂ GIM IM.GU₂ it-ta-na-ad-la-hu me-ser₃-tu₄ ina KUR GAL₂
  20. DIŠ ID₂# GIM id-ri KA i-ha-am-ma-ṭu LUGAL KUR KUR₂-ir
  21. DIŠ ID₂# GIM# id-ri MUN i-ha-am-ma-ṭu KIMIN SES i-šu-u₂
  22. ($___$) LUGAL# KUR UGU# UN-MEŠ-šu₂ DUG₃.GA : NU DUG₃.GA
  23. DIŠ ina {iti#}GU₄# ILLU DU-ma# ID₂ A-ša₂ ana e-ṣi-in-ni i-ri-is-su-nu NU DUG₃.GA
  24. ($___$) {d}IŠKUR ina KUR GU₇#-ma KUR pu-us-sa uṣ-ṣa-an
  25. DIŠ ID₂ i-ri-is-su#-nu GIM!?# SUR?#-ri# KIMIN# GIM na-piš MUŠEN-MEŠ
  26. ($___$) ina KUR x [x x (x x)] MEŠ
  27. 10 DIŠ ID₂ i-ri-is-su-nu# G[IM? ...-t]u₄ KU₆-MEŠ ina KUR GAL₂
  28. DIŠ ID₂ GIM A PU₂ IM.G[U₂ ... BUR]U₁₄ KUR SI.SA₂
  29. DIŠ ID₂ GIM A MAŠ₂.ŠU.GID₂.G[ID₂ ...] x (x) [x x]
  30. DIŠ ID₂ ba-ma-at za-ku-u₂ b[a-ma-at dal-hu LUGAL KUR KI-šu₂ KUR-s]u?
  31. ($___$) kit-ta₅ [ul? i]-ta#-me#
  32. DIŠ ID₂ GIM MUŠ uk#-tap-pa-lu-ma ana ma-hir₂-ti u₂?#-[sa₃-ka-pu MAŠ₂.ANŠE r]a-ša₂-nu DAB#-bat
  33. DIŠ ina {iti}SIG₄# ILLU DU-ma A-ša₂ PIŠ₁₀# ID₂# u₂?#-sal-la-tu#
  34. ($___$) ana EGIR-MU {d}IŠKUR E₂#-MEŠ RA-iṣ
  35. DIŠ sa-am-tu₂# ina su-uh-hi I[D₂] tar#-ka ki-sa-al# ID₂ sa-ki-ir
  36. ($___$) še-bul₂#-ta₅# ub-ba-lu#
  37. DIŠ ID₂ A-ša₂?# [BIL.ZA.Z]A ma-lu#-u₂ sa-as-su-ru ina KUR ina KUR GAL₂#
  38. DIŠ A.ZI.G[A DU-ma A-šu₂ h]ur-hum-ma-ta ma#-at?#-ta u₂-kal-lu
  39. ($___$) sa-as-[sur AB₂.GU₄-HI].A u USDUHA# ina KUR# GAL₂#
  40. DIŠ ina {iti#}ŠU# x [... it-ta-na]-har?#-ra?#-[bu? IR₂ ina KUR GAL₂]
  41. 10?# DIŠ ID₂ A?#-[šu₂ ka-a-a-ma-nu-tu-ma A ID₂ ...]
  42. ($___$) ŠE#.[GIŠ.I₃ ina KUR? ...]
  43. DIŠ ILLU# [DU-ma A-šu₂ GIM A ID₂ KUR.RA ...]
  44. ($___$) A# [ka-a-a-ma-nu-tu UGU-šu₂-nu u₂-ta-ʾ-a-lu? ... NU SI.SA₂]
  45. DIŠ ILL[U DU-ma A ka-a-a-ma-nu-tu DU ...]
  46. ($___$) D[U?-MEŠ GURUN KUR ...]
  47. DIŠ ILL[U DU-ma A-šu₂ GIM A LU.UB₂{sar} ...]
  48. ($___$) u₂#-[šap-pi₂-lu KIMIN u₂-ta-ʾ-a-lu? ...]
  49. DIŠ ina {iti}N[E ILLU DU-ma A-šu₂ sa x ...]
  50. ($___$) ina I[GI A it-ta-na-al-lak? ...]
  51. DIŠ A-šu₂?# [BABBAR-u₂ u hur-hum-...]
  52. ($___$) ina [UGU A id-da? ...]
  53. DIŠ A-šu₂?# [SIG₇ u hur-hum-...]
  54. ($___$) Z[U₂?.LUM.MA in?-...]
  55. DIŠ A?#-[šu₂ BABBAR-u₂ KIMIN ud ...]
  56. ($___$) [ma-at-tu UGU MIN/A? ...]
  57. DIŠ ina {i[ti}KIN ILLU DU-ma ...]
  58. ($___$) x [...]
  59. ($___$) x [...]
  60. ($___$) x [...]
  61. DIŠ A-šu₂# [...]
  62. ($___$) x [...]
  63. ($___$) x [...]
  64. ($___$) x [...]
  65. DIŠ# ina?# {i[ti}DU₆ DU-ma u] UGU#-šu₂#-nu# [A] SIG₇?#-[MEŠ u₂-ta-ʾ-a-lu?]
  66. ($___$) x (x) [...] KIMIN# A ID₂?# GUB?# [x x (x)]
  67. DIŠ# A?#-[šu₂? ...] KIMIN ID₂ DU-ma?# SA₅?
  68. ($___$) x? [(...) HE₂].GAL₂ ina KUR GAL₂

Column 2

  1. DIŠ ID₂ A-ša₂ SIG₇.ME DU.MEŠ-nim-ma ina UGU-šu₂-nu A-MEŠ BABBAR-MEŠ u₂-ta-<ʾ>-a-lu
  2. ($___$) GURUN ZIZ₂.AN.NA GU₂.GAL GU₂.TUR GU₂.NIG₂.AR₃.RA NU SI.SA₂
  3. DIŠ ina {iti}APIN A-ša₂ GIM sa₃-ah-hi DU-ma u UGU-šu₂-nu hur-hum-mat A S[A₅?]-MEŠ?#
  4. ($___$) uʾ-u₂-la-ma up-tah-ha-ru e-nu-ma ŠE ka-bar {d}IŠKUR RA#-iṣ#
  5. DIŠ ILLU GIM A es-se-e SIG₇ haṣ-bu u UGU-šu₂-nu bu-bu-ʾ-ta₅ GE₆ x x
  6. ($___$) ta-lu-uk-šu-nu PIŠ₁₀ ID₂ u₂-sal-lat DUNGU-MEŠ?# NA₄-MEŠ# u₂?#-[x x]
  7. ($___$) za-na-an AN-e {d}IŠKUR ina GU₃-šu₂ u₂#-[x (x)]-ʾ#-ad?# [x (x)]
  8. DIŠ ina {iti}GAN A za-ku-ma ID₂ qe₂-reb-ša₂ ina ri# x [...]
  9. ($___$) i-šap-pil-ma kur mu?# x [...]
  10. DIŠ A zu-ki DU#-MEŠ#-nim#-ma# ID₂ qe₂-reb-ša₂ GIM A ID₂?# [...]
  11. ($___$) : ina A qa₃?-qa₂#-ri 30 u 20 IGI-MEŠ-ma SU.G[U₇? ...]
  12. ($___$) UN-MEŠ DUMU-MEŠ-ši#-na# ana# KU₃#.BABBAR# [BUR₂-MEŠ (...)]
  13. DIŠ A zu-ki DU.ME-nim-ma ID₂ qe₂-re[b-ša₂ ...]
  14. ($___$) tur-ru-ku u bu-bu-ʾ-ta₅ DIRI-u₂# [...]
  15. ($___$) ša₂-lam-tu₄ ina KUR ul# [...]
  16. DIŠ ina {iti}AB A-MEŠ-ša₂ GIM IM.BABBAR ina IGI-šu₂-nu x [...]
  17. ($___$) ina MURUB₄ ID₂ it-ta-na-ah-hi-is [...]
  18. DIŠ A-ša₂ GIM ZE₂ IGI-šu₂-nu ina ID₂ DU-ma iš-[x x (x)] x ID₂# [x x (x)]
  19. ($___$) it-ta-na-ah-hi-is na-pa-aš BURU₁₄ K[UR SI?.S]A₂-ma KUR T[UR? x x (x)]
  20. ($___$) : KUR GAL ana KUR TUR ana TIN#-ṭi# [DU (x x)]
  21. 10 DIŠ A-ša₂ GIM A ZE₂ ina ID₂ DU-ma iš-tu MURUB₄# ID₂ A-ša a-[x (x)]
  22. ($___$) im-lu-ma ki-sal ID₂# na#-hi#-is# ša₂?#-[ha]-at ID₂ KIMIN A-ša₂ [x (x x)]
  23. ($___$) uʾ₂?#-ʾu₅?#-lu# [... T]UR ana KUR GAL ana bu-tal-lu-ṭ[i x (x)]
  24. DIŠ A ki-ma A! ZE₂ IG[I x x x x (x) i]d-ri ṭe-em-šu₂-nu UG[U x (x)]
  25. ($___$) MUL A-ša₂ GIM A IM# [... uʾ₂]-ʾu₅-lu₄ ILLU ina-hi-is
  26. ($___$) KIMIN me-re-šu₂ ina ṣu!-um-me-e# TIL#-ma KI.LAM TUR.RA ina KUR GAL₂#
  27. DIŠ ina {iti}ZIZ₂ A ka-a#-a#-ma#-nu#-tu ina ŠA₃#-šu₂-nu qut-r[u x x x x (x)]
  28. ($___$) i-riš qut-ri ki-ma {d}ID₂#.LU₂#.RU#.G[U₂ x x x x (x)]
  29. ($___$) {d}e₂#-a KI DINGIR-MEŠ ša₂ AN-e# ud-dur [x x x x (x)]
  30. DIŠ A ka-a-a-ma-nu-tu ina ŠA₃-šu₂-nu qut-r[u x x x x (x)]
  31. ($___$) i-riš! qut-ri GIM {d}ID₂.LU₂.RU.GU₂ [x x x x (x)]
  32. ($___$) {d}e₂-a KI DINGIR-MEŠ ša KI-ti₃ ud-du[r x x x x (x)]
  33. [x x x x] x x ina# IGI# x x (x) M[URU₉? ...]

Column 3

  1. DIŠ ina# {iti#}NE ILLU DU-kam <> BAD₅.BAD₅ KU₆-HI.A {d}e₂#-[a? SIG₃-aṣ?]
  2. DIŠ ina {iti}KIN KIMIN IM.U₁₈.LU i-sa-dir-m[a x x (x)]
  3. DIŠ ina {iti}DU₆ KIMIN HE₂.GAL ina KUR [GAL₂]
  4. DIŠ ina {iti}APIN KIMIN ŠEG₃ ŠUR {d}IŠKUR BAD₃-MEŠ G[UL (x)]
  5. DIŠ ina {iti}GAN KIMIN {d}IŠKUR u {d}U.GUR ina KUR G[U₇-MEŠ?]
  6. DIŠ ina {iti#}AB KIMIN BURU₁₄ KUR GAL NU SI.S[A₂]
  7. DIŠ ina# {iti#}ZIZ₂ KIMIN {d}IŠKUR ina gim-ri RA-i[ṣ?]
  8. DIŠ [ina {it]i}ŠE KIMIN ŠA₃ KUR DUG₃.[GA]
  9. 10 DIŠ [ina {iti}B]ARA₂ ILLU DU-kam@v A-šu₂ GIM UŠ₂ ṣar-pu MU.6.KAM₂ KIMIN x [x (x)]
  10. [($___$) {d}]IŠKUR RA-iṣ KUR [x (x x)]
  11. DIŠ# [ina {iti}G]U₄ KIMIN UN-MEŠ U₂.G[UG x x (x)]
  12. DIŠ# [ina {iti}SI]G₄ KIMIN še-bul₂-ta₅ TUM₃?# ŠUB?-ti₃ AB₂.GU₄#-HI?#.A?# u?# USDU[HA GAL₂?]
  13. DIŠ# [ina {iti}Š]U? KIMIN UŠ₂-MEŠ ina KUR GAL₂-MEŠ : IR₂ ina KUR GA[L₂ (x)]
  14. DIŠ# [ina {iti}N]E? KIMIN ša₂-ma-ah BURU₁₄ na-pa-aš₂# {d}NISA[BA]
  15. DIŠ# [ina {iti}KIN KIMIN] ŠEG₃-ME u ILLU-ME KUD?-ME KIMIN DUNGU-ME i-[r]a?-ba-nim-ma? x [(x)]
  16. DIŠ# [ina {iti}DU₆] KIMIN BURU₁₄ SI.SA₂ K[UR?] na?#-pa!?#-aš₂?# [{d}NISABA?]
  17. [DIŠ ina {iti}APIN] KIMIN ŠEG₃-MEŠ?# ina?# KUR# G[AL₂-MEŠ?]
  18. [DIŠ ina {iti}GAN KIMIN {d}IŠKU]R? ina KUR uš#-[x-ba]l? : ŠUB-ti bu#-[li?]
  19. [DIŠ ina {iti}A]B? KIMIN# KUR ša₂ ma-n[a-ah-ta₅ IGI pa-ša₂-h]a IGI : BURU₁₄ KUR SI.SA₂
  20. ($___$) KUR TUR ana KUR GAL KIMIN KUR GAL ana# [b]u-tal-lu-ṭi DU-ak
  21. 10?# DIŠ ina {iti}ZIZ₂ KIMIN [DING]IR?-MEŠ# KUR ik-ke-lem-mu-u₂
  22. DIŠ ina {iti}ŠE KIMIN [(x)] KUR?# ina HE₂.GAL₂ uš-ta-bar-ra
  23. DIŠ A.ZI.GA sa-ad-ru [(x x) me-š]ir₃-tu₄ GAL₂-ši
  24. DIŠ BABBAR [(x) bi-ib-l]u? KUR ub-bal
  25. DIŠ GE₆ [(x x) SU.G]U₇? IGI-mar
  26. DIŠ SA₅ ŠA₃# KUR?# ah?# [x (x)-t]u₄ GAL₂-ši
  27. DIŠ SIG₇ AN.MI {d}e₂-a na-zaq KUR KIMIN ŠUB-ti ERIM na?#-[pa-aš₂? {d}]NISABA?#
  28. DIŠ dal-hu BURU₁₄ KUR# SI#.SA₂ KIMIN [x x (x)]
  29. DIŠ za-ku-u₂ : ša₂-qu-u₂ na-zaq [KUR]
  30. DIŠ ma-ṭi na-zaq KUR?#
  31. 10 DIŠ ra-a-aq ŠA₃ KUR DUG₃-ab BURU₁₄ KUR SI.SA₂
  32. DIŠ A.ZI.GA KUR₂.KUR₂ BIR-ah KUR na-zaq KUR
  33. DIŠ ma-gal gap-šu na-zaq KUR
  34. DIŠ GAL-u₂ na-zaq KUR
  35. DIŠ ma-ʾ-du na-zaq KUR
  36. DIŠ A.MAH ma-ʾ-du na-zaq KUR
  37. DIŠ A.MAH kaš-du na-zaq KUR
  38. DIŠ ma-ṭu₃-u₂ na-zaq KUR
  39. DIŠ ka-a-a-ma-nu ŠA₃ KUR DUG₃-ab
  40. DIŠ tak-ku-us-sa na-du-u₂ : na-šu-u₂ ma-qat KUR KUR₂
  41. 10 DIŠ -ku-sa-ta na-du-u₂ {lu₂}KUR₂ ŠUB-ta
  42. DIŠ ku-li-li tam-tu : GIM tam-bu-ša₂-a-ti ma-da-at₂ A.MAH at-ru DU-kam@v?#
  43. DIŠ ku-li-li na-šu-u₂ ŠA₃ KUR DUG₃-ab
  44. DIŠ ku-li-li BABBAR na-šu-u₂ na-zaq KUR
  45. DIŠ ku-li-li GE₆ na-šu-u₂ ŠA₃ KUR DUG₃-ab
  46. DIŠ ku-li-li SA₅ na-šu-u₂ ŠUB-ti {lu₂}KUR₂ : ana KUR {lu₂}KUR₂ ŠUB-ta#
  47. DIŠ ku-li-li SIG₇ na-šu-u₂ BIR-ah KUR
  48. DIŠ ku-li-li ana u₂-šal-li i-si-ib-bu-u₂ ŠA₃ KUR DUG₃ A.ZI.GA ga za ri# {(he?#-[pi₂ eš-šu₂)}]
  49. DIŠ ku-li-li ana u₂-šal-li i-sa-an-ni-qu KIMIN la i-sa-an-ni-qu {(he?#-[pi₂ eš-šu₂)}]
  50. DIŠ ku-li-li# ana u₂-šal-li i-sa-bu-ʾ-a na-zaq [KUR]
  51. [DIŠ] ku#-li#-li ana u₂-šal-li {(he-pi₂ eš-[šu₂)}]
  52. DIŠ hur#-hum?#-ma-ti ina IGI A GIM ša₂ bu-ti-iq-ti ma-da-at ana KUR ILLU DIRI DU-kam#
  53. DIŠ ina IGI A GIM# I₃.GIŠ ESIR KIMIN GIM I₃.GIŠ ik-kaṣ₃-ru-ma iq-qe₂-lep-pu-u₂
  54. ($___$) MUŠ.[GAR] u₃# IZI A.ŠA₃.GA KUR DAB-bat
  55. DIŠ GIM A?# [aq-qu₂-l]a? DIRI iq-qe₂-lep-pu-u₂ ha-ah-hu u sah-hu DAB-bat
  56. DIŠ I[D₂ A ša₂ GIM I₃.GIŠ ESI]R? KIMIN GIM I₃.GIŠ ID₂ ub-bal
  57. ($___$) um-[ma-nam] SU.GU₇ DAB-bat
  58. DIŠ ID₂ I₃?#.[GIŠ u₂]-bil ID₂ BI ša₂-pi-ku DIRI-ma
  59. ($___$) i-ta-ti?#-[ša₂] GU₃-mu ZAH₂ NIG₂.HA.LAM.MA KEŠ₃!(ug){ki}
  60. DIŠ ID₂ gap-šat#-ma# A-ša₂ ana nam-ga-ra-a-ti NU KU₄-MEŠ
  61. ($___$) A.MAH ina KUR GAL₂-ma NU is!-sek-kir KIMIN A.MAH ID₂ NU GAL₂
  62. DIŠ ID₂ mu-ša₂ iš-mu-ru-ma u PIŠ₁₀-ša₂ ik-kal ID₂ BI is-sek-kir-ma
  63. ($___$) {na₄}PEŠ₄-sa₃ {d}UTU IGI
  64. KUR₂? DIŠ ID₂ A ša₂ GIM# UŠ₂# ub#-bal na-aq UŠ₂ ERIM ELAM.MA{ki} ina {giš}TUKUL ŠUB-ut
  65. ($___$) SU.GU₇ KUR DAB-bat : KUR₂ u ERIM-NI ina {giš}TUKUL ŠUB-ut
  66. DIŠ ID₂ PIŠ₁₀-ša₂ ub-bal a-gu-u₂ a-ga-a ka-šid u BAL.BAL-at
  67. ($___$) BURU₁₄ IL₂-ma KI.LAM GI.NA
  68. 10 DIŠ ID₂ A ša₂ GIM ša₂-ma-an ša₂-di-i u₂-bil šu-lu u di-hu : ha-ah-hu KUR DAB-bat

Column 4

  1. [DIŠ I]D₂ A ša₂ GIM ṭi-ik-me-ni ṣa-al-mi u₂-bil
  2. ($___$) šib-sa-at {d}e₂-a ILLU ina BAD ip-par-ra-sa
  3. DIŠ ID₂ A u I₃.GIŠ u₂-bil DINGIR-MEŠ šab-su-tu₄ ana KUR GUR-MEŠ-ni
  4. ($___$) KUR KI.TUŠ ne-eh-ta₅ DUR₂-ab
  5. DIŠ ID₂ UŠ₂ u₂-bil KUR KI KUR i-tak-kal E₂ KI E₂ KUR₂-ir
  6. ($___$) ŠEŠ UZU ŠEŠ GU₇ ERIM-MEŠ TUR-MEŠ
  7. DIŠ ID₂ ina ILLU A ša GIM IZ.ZI IM u₂-bil UŠ₂.MEŠ ina KUR GAL₂.MEŠ
  8. DIŠ ID₂ ina ILLU A ša GIM GA pe-ṣu-u₂ ({he-pi₂}) KIMIN uz-za-at {d}e₂-a
  9. DIŠ ID₂ ILLU IL₂-ma ina MURUB₄-ša₂ it-ta-ki-is : it-ta-hi-is
  10. ($___$) ŠEG₃-MEŠ u ILLU-MEŠ NU GAL₂-MEŠ : GAL₂-MEŠ
  11. DIŠ ina ID₂ ILLU har-pu KIMIN ṣar-pu pu-lu-uk pu-lu-uk har-piš
  12. ($___$) SAG-sa₃ IL₂-ma ILLU SI.SA₂ : DU-kam@v
  13. DIŠ ina ID₂ A har-pu nap-pil-lu₄ it-tab-šu-u₂ ŠE.GIŠ.I₃ har-pu SIG₅
  14. DIŠ ina ID₂ ILLU NIM SA₄.A.MUŠEN KIMIN ina ID₂ ILLU har-pu SA₄.A.MUŠEN-MEŠ
  15. ($___$) GAL₂-MEŠ u it-te-ne₂-eb-bu-u₂ GUN GIŠIMMAR GUB-an
  16. 10 DIŠ ina ID₂ SA₄.A.MUŠEN KIMIN NIM SA₄.A-MEŠ it-tab-šu-u₂
  17. ($___$) u wa?-at-mu pur-ru-su KIMIN wa-at-nu pur-ru-ku ZU₂.LUM.MA GUB-an
  18. DIŠ ina ID₂ ARA₄.BU{mušen} pa-ni SAHAR im-la-a-ma i-te-eb-bi u ŠUB-ut
  19. ($___$) ṭuh-da ša₂ KUR {d}IŠKUR RA
  20. DIŠ ina ID₂ KU₆-MEŠ i-mi-du a-na KUR KI.TUŠ ne-eh-tu₄
  21. DIŠ A ṭe-ri u za-ku-tu dul-lu-hu ILLU GUB-an [x x x (x)]
  22. DIŠ A ṭe-ri u A SA₅-MEŠ dul-lu-hu ILLU i-tar KIMIN GUB-a[n? x x (x)]
  23. DIŠ A ṭe-ri u A SA₅-MEŠ ru-ud-du-u₂ x [x x x (x x)]
  24. ($___$) u₃ A bu-tuq-ti ru-ud-du-u₂# [...]
  25. DIŠ ina ID₂ EŠ₂₂? KUR? SAG-sa₃ IL₂-MEŠ [...]
  26. DIŠ ina ID₂ ILLU i-sam-ma ina na-ha-si-šu₂?# [...]
  27. DIŠ ina u₂-šal ID₂ {u₂}GEŠTIN IGI.DU₈# [...]
  28. DIŠ tak-ku-us-sa₃-tu₄ PIŠ₁₀-ša₂ x [...] x
  29. ($___$) iq-qe₂-lip-pa-a x [x x x (x) b]i?
  30. ($___$) ina? x (x) šum₄?#-ma A-MEŠ ina ŠA₃-ši-na E₃-ME[Š? x x x (x) G]AL₂
  31. 10 DIŠ A GIM GA pe-ṣu-u₂ uz-za-at {d#}e₂#-a
  32. DIŠ A GIM ša₂-ma-an ša₂-di-i ŠA₃ ša₂ [x (x) G]AL₂
  33. DIŠ ina IGI A UŠ₂ ka#-ṣir-ma iq-qe₂-lep-pu# BURU₁₄ KUR [SI.S]A₂
  34. DIŠ A.ZI.GA SI.SA₂ NU [x x (x x)]
  35. DIŠ MU A.ZI.GA-ša₂ har-pu BURU₁₄ KUR [x x (x)]
  36. DIŠ MU A.ZI.GA-ša₂ up-pu#-lu₄# BURU₁₄ IL₂-ma ki [x x (x)]
  37. DIŠ ILLU I₃.GIŠ ina KUR IGI-ir TIL BAL-e na-za[q KUR]
  38. DIŠ ILLU nap-ṭi ina KUR IGI-ir LUGAL ŠU₂-ta₅ D[U₃-uš]
  39. DIŠ ILLU ša₂ KAŠ ina hi-rit URU IGI-ir DAM-MEŠ LU₂ IDIM-MEŠ-ma DAM-MEŠ [GAZ-ma?]
  40. ($___$) ina {giš}TUKUL i-nar-r[a]
  41. DIŠ ILLU GA ina hi-rit URU IGI-ir {giš#}TUKUL DIŠ-niš GAR-MEŠ-ma {giš}GU.ZA {giš}GU.ZA i-dar-[ri-is]
  42. 10 DIŠ ina hi-rit URU MUN GAL₂-ši ŠE-AM ik-k[ir?]
  43. DIŠ ina hi-rit URU GI GAL₂-ši URU BI SU.GU₇ dan-na IGI-mar?#
  44. DIŠ ina hi-rit URU ur-ba-tu GAL₂-ši URU BI i-har-ru-ub#
  45. DIŠ ina hi-rit URU ku-uš-tu GAL₂-ši KI.LAM URU BI TUR-ir#
  46. DIŠ ina hi-rit URU {u₂}NUMUN₂{sar} GAL₂#-ši# ina?# KUR DU₃.A.BI KI.LAM LAL
  47. DIŠ ina hi-rit URU {u₂}šu-up#-pa#-tu₄?# [GAL₂-ši? K]IMIN [x (x)]
  48. DIŠ ina hi-rit <URU?> {u₂}KI?#.KAL GAL₂-ši [U₂]-HI#.A# HAD₂# [(x)]
  49. [DIŠ ina hi-ra?]-a-ti ša₂ URU nim-mul-lu it-tab-šu-u₂ NAM.KUR₂# [GAR-a]n?
  50. 2 UŠ 47-TA.AM₃ MU.ŠID.IM.BI
  51. DIŠ ina KI ŠUB-ti ša₂ ID₂ A la u₂-kal-lu PU₂ ina NI₂-ša₂ BAD-ma a-mi-ru IGI-ma A NAG
  52. KI# BI# i-har-ru-um-ma ana EGIR u₄-me DUR₂-ab GUR₇-MEŠ ina ŠA₃-ša₂ uq-tar-ra-nu
  53. DUB.61.KAM@v DIŠ URU ina me-le-e GAR
  54. KUR {m}AN.ŠAR₂-DU₃-A MAN# KUR# AN.ŠAR₂{ki}

Source Colophon

Akkadian cuneiform, ATF transliteration from the Electronic Babylonian Literature (eBL) corpus, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. Released under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). Museum registration: K.47, British Museum, London. Neo-Assyrian period, Library of Ashurbanipal at Nineveh (7th century BCE).

The eBL corpus was compiled under the direction of Enrique Jimenez at LMU Munich. The ATF format follows the conventions of the Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). Sign readings and line numbers are as published in the eBL database. Damaged signs are marked with # (uncertain reading), [...] (missing), and ($___$) (continuation/indented line). The scribe's own damage notations (he-pi₂ eš-šu₂ = "new break") are preserved in the transliteration.

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