Abhidharma Fragments — IOL Toch 10 · Tianmu Anglican Church

A Reconstructed Tocharian Reading

Translation

IOL Toch 10

The seeker is taught to divide the road with care. There is the path by which one first sees, the path by which one is trained, the path of one still learning, and the path of one who has gone beyond learning. There is the worldly road, and there is the noble road.

IOL Toch 13

So the wise examine the elements of life. Desire is known as desire, anger as anger, patience as patience, and compassion as compassion. What is conditioned is not mistaken for the deathless; what belongs to saṃsāra is not seized as refuge. By clear knowledge the heart turns toward nirvāṇa.

IOL Toch 135

IOL Toch 254

IOL Toch 257

1:1 Translation

IOL Toch 10

a1 /// is/becomes; ray; end; mirror; disc, surface

a2 /// mirror; disc, surface; over/all over; four; sees/looks

a3 /// the path of seeing; the path of cultivation; the learner's path; the path beyond learning; the path those no longer needing religious instruction; sign, mark, symptom

a4 sign, mark, symptom; self; as; how; so that; because; how?; formerly

a5 /// the worldly path; the noble path; Āryamārga; sign, mark, symptom; again; then

b1 /// nirvāṇa; shining, bright, brilliant; disc, surface; sees/looks; a nirvāṇa characterized by a remnant of upadhi

b2 /// nirvāṇa; element; sign, mark, symptom; now; again; mirror; disc, surface

b3 disc, surface; three; striving; being tired; exerting oneself/making an effort; because of that, consequently; upwards; four

b4 /// tune, melody; kettle-drum; is; twenty; five; now

b5 /// body; consciousness; mindfulness; thought; memory; leads/guides; all/every

IOL Toch 13

a1 /// element; is; kind/nature ///

a2 /// indeed; to be said; who ///

a3 n1 /// aversion; this; but; high/above; not; is; also; however ///

a4 /// five-fold; to be separated ///

a5 /// element; is; together with ///

a6 /// self; as; how; so that; because; how?; not ///

b1 /// indeed ///

b2 /// passion/attachment ///

b3 n2 /// patience ///

b4 /// having been attached; passion/attachment ///

b5 /// noble; path, way, road; who; passion/attachment ///

b6 /// desire, pleasure; desire, passion; afterwards, after, concerning ///

IOL Toch 135

a1 /// not; indeed; face to face/manifest; knows/understands ///

a2 /// knowledge; eight ///

a3 /// unchecked and undefined; wisdom/reason ///

a4 /// knowledge; realization; clear understanding; is; not ///

a5 /// clear understanding; here; but ///

b1 /// unpolluted; is/becomes; freedom from sinful influence ///

b2 /// realization; clear understanding; but ///

b3 /// mind; together; having been attached; mind/spirit ///

b4 /// this ///

b5 /// living beings ///

IOL Toch 254

a1 /// ray ///

a2 /// living beings; five; pertaining to birth ///

a3 /// friendship; excellent, superior ///

a4 /// to squeeze, press; this; meaning of a word ///

a5 /// compassion; compassion, pity ///

b1 /// arhat; compassion, pity ///

b2 /// fruit; to give; to take; who; this; indeed ///

b3 /// tune, melody; having gone; all/every; cycle of birth, saṃsāra ///

b4 /// shoulder; element; having gone ///

b5 /// birth; also; the form of existence or station fixed by birth; having gone; all/every; then, indeed ///

IOL Toch 257

a1 to do; tree; being compared to, comparable ///

a2 does ///

a3 is; who; and; all/every; this ///

a4 tree; being compared to, comparable; who; this; seventh; Buddha ///

a5 knowing, understanding ///

b1 island; protection; refuge, protection ///

b2 also; doing; Law; righteousness, condition, dharma; announcing ///

b3 is; this; but; root of merit ///

b4 suffering; suffering, pain; to squeeze, press; is; god; majesty; aware; does ///

b5 to do; tree; being compared to, comparable ///

Source-Close Translation

IOL Toch 10

a1 /// broken words around swañcaintse, ākene, tapakiṣṣe

a2 /// broken words around śwer, kaumnaṣṣeṃ, yerpeṃ

a3 /// the path of seeing; the path of cultivation; the learner's path; the path beyond learning

a4 broken words around nauṣ, tapakiṣṣe, śiriṃ

a5 /// the worldly path; the noble path

b1 /// nirvāṇa

b2 /// nirvāṇa; element

b3 broken words around asaṃkhyainta, temeṃ, śwāra

b4 /// broken words around patāk, takāre, ñake

b5 /// body

IOL Toch 13

a1 /// element ///

a2 /// broken words around kāma, gānuśaine, weṣṣ ///

a3 n1 /// aversion ///

a4 /// broken words around kāmarā, gānuśai, prakārsa ///

a5 /// element ///

a6 /// broken words around eṃca ///

b1 /// broken words in the field of sort, nature, class; to be said; high, above ///

b2 /// broken words around kāmapratisanyukto ///

b3 n2 /// patience ///

b4 /// broken words around lyñesa ///

b5 /// broken words around klyomñ, ytārine, maskemaneṃtse ///

b6 /// broken words around yāso ///

IOL Toch 135

a1 /// broken words around yneś, karsalñe ///

a2 /// broken words around kṣantinma ///

a3 /// broken words around anivṛtāvyākṛt, aiśa ///

a4 /// knowledge; realization ///

a5 /// broken words in the field of face to face, manifest(ly), obvious(ly), really; to know, understand, recognize; knowledge ///

b1 /// unpolluted ///

b2 /// realization ///

b3 /// mind ///

b4 /// broken words around ttaviprayuktasaṃskār ///

b5 /// broken words around ñmacepi, ādina ///

IOL Toch 254

a1 /// broken words around ṃñña, swañciye ///

a2 /// broken words around wnolmeṃ, cmelṣeṃ ///

a3 /// broken words around waṣamñentse, śpālmeṃ ///

a4 /// broken words around ñuṣṣalñe, padārth ///

a5 /// compassion ///

b1 /// arhat ///

b2 /// broken words around aiṣṣ ///

b3 /// broken words around saṃsā ///

b4 /// broken words around ṣṣeṃ, āntseṃne ///

b5 /// birth ///

IOL Toch 257

a1 broken words in the field of to do; tree; being compared to, comparable ///

a2 broken words in the field of to do; tree; being compared to, comparable ///

a3 broken words around ñorameṃ ///

a4 broken words around ṣuktante ///

a5 broken words in the field of to do; tree; being compared to, comparable ///

b1 broken words around preṅke, kṣat ///

b2 broken words around ṣūwa, yamaṣṣeñcana, aksaṣṣe ///

b3 broken words around śalamūl ///

b4 suffering ///

b5 broken words in the field of to do; tree; being compared to, comparable ///

Colophon

This Good Works Translation was made from inspected Tocharian transliterations/transcriptions for the witnesses grouped here as Abhidharma Fragments — IOL Toch 10, indexed by CEToM. The reconstructed English reading is independently derived from the source text and lexical controls exposed in the source records. Existing CEToM translation-control lines, where present, were consulted only for checking the direction of difficult or damaged passages and were not copied as the English body.

The source is damaged and discontinuous. This page is therefore a reconstructed reading from damaged witnesses, not a restored Tocharian base text and not a complete-work claim.

Compiled and formatted for the Good Work Library by the New Tianmu Anglican Church, 2026.

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Source Text: Tocharian Witnesses

Tocharian source text inspected through CEToM. Presented here for reference, study, and verification alongside the English reading above.

IOL Toch 10 — unplaced

IOL Toch 10. Language: TB. Lines: 5. CEToM: https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-ioltoch10.

a1 /// kaṣ mäsketär swañcaintse ākene tapakiṣṣe yerpe ta°

a2 /// (tapaki)ṣṣe yerpesa śār śwer arkwinäṃ kaumnaṣṣeṃ yerpeṃ lkāṣṣäṃ

a3 /// (darśanamārgäṃ)tse • bhāvanamārgäntse • śaikṣamārgäntse • aśaikṣamārgäntse ṣo

a4 (tri) /// (mäkte) nauṣ nano tapakiṣṣe yerpesa tarya śiriṃ lkāṣṣäṃ a°

a5 /// laukikamārgäntse • āryamārgäntse ṣotri 9 nano taisū wa

b1 /// – läktsecceṃ kaunaṣṣeṃ yerpeṃ lkāṣṣäṃ saupadhiśeṣ nirv(āṃ)

b2 /// (nirvā)ṇadhātuntse ṣotri 10 ॥ ñake nano tapakiṣṣe yerpe

b3 (sa) /// (ta)rya asaṃkhyainta lalaskemane : 1 temeṃ mante śwāra ce

b4 /// – kene patākänta takāre īkäṃ piś 20-5 ॥ ñake

b5 /// (ke)ktseṃne īme wāyaṃ po kektseñtsa śaweṃcāne pramate

IOL Toch 13 — unplaced

IOL Toch 13. Language: TB. Lines: 6. CEToM: https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-ioltoch13.

a1 /// – dhātusa – – – – k(a)m(a)dh(ā)tuṣṣeke (s)t(e) • prakā(r) ///

a2 /// (kāma)r(ā)gānuśaine – – – – ka • tuk-yäknesa weṣṣälle • k u se – ///

a3 n1 /// °ṣ(ṣ)äṃ • tū no kauc mā nesäṃ • tūsa pratighä ran(o) ///

a4 /// (kāmarā)gānuśai prakārsa piś-yäknesa tsretär • la° ///

a5 /// – ·e ste • pañcaprakār ārūpyadhātuṣṣe ste • eṣe ś· ///

a6 /// ·eṃca mäk(te) – ·e – – – r·ai pa – rthä • mā ·ā ///

b1 /// – n(t)rä • ka – – – – ·r· • ·ś· (kā)m(a)pr(a)t(i)s(anyukto) ///

b2 /// (k)ṣ(ān)t(i)sa eṅkäl wiketrä • kāmapratisanyukto samud(aya) ///

b3 n2 /// – • samudayadharma(j)ñānakṣāntisa • nirodhadha(r)m(a) ///

b4 /// ·n· ·p(ä)mpa rittau waräṣṣälyñesa wīkäṣṣälle eṅkä(l) ///

b5 /// (klyomñ)ai ytārine a(kṣa)ly(ñ)e (ya)maskemaneṃtse • k u se eṅkäl wike(trä) ///

b6 /// ś· ya – – – – – – y(ś)el(m)enne yāso ompos(tä)ṃ ///

IOL Toch 135 — unplaced

IOL Toch 135. Language: TB. Lines: 5. CEToM: https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-ioltoch135.

a1 /// – ma – : ka – – • yneś karsalñe – ///

a2 /// jñ(ā)nanma okt kṣantinma we° ///

a3 /// anivṛtāvyākṛt aiśa(mñe) ///

a4 /// abhisamai skente • jñāṃ mā ///

a5 /// (abhisa)mai ॥ tane no anasra(p) ///

b1 /// mäsketär ॥ anāsrap ai – ///

b2 /// – • māsrap abhisamai no ///

b3 /// (ai)śamñempa ṣesa rittoṣ palsko ///

b4 /// (ci)ttaviprayuktasaṃskār ta ·ā ///

b5 /// (a)ñmacepi on(o)lm(en)tse ādina – ///

IOL Toch 254 — unplaced

IOL Toch 254. Language: TB. Lines: 5. CEToM: https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-ioltoch254.

a1 /// yokäṃñña swañciye ॥ si – ///

a2 /// – wnolmeṃ piś cmelṣeṃ l· ///

a3 /// °mtä • waṣamñentse śpālmeṃ ///

a4 /// ñuṣṣalñe • te padārth ///

a5 /// (ka)ruṃ • karuṇäntse ṣañe· ///

b1 /// (ka)ruṃ arhanteṃñe prattika ///

b2 /// oko aiṣṣäṃ • se ka kto ///

b3 /// °lo kene yku po saṃsā(rne) ///

b4 /// – bhaväṣṣeṃ āntseṃne yku • – ///

b5 /// ra yonintane yku • po pi ///

IOL Toch 257 — unplaced

IOL Toch 257. Language: TB. Lines: 5. CEToM: https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-ioltoch257.

a1 – r· – – – – – – ///

a2 y(a)m(a)ṣṣ(a) – – – – y·ntär n· w· ln· ///

a3 °meṃ ṣai k u se ṣpä pone ñorameṃ ṣai toy ///

a4 °na s(t)ā(na)mpa tasemane • se ṣuktante pañä(kte) ///

a5 – – – – ·e kärsanalle 10-7 ॥ tvamoghe ///

b1 – – • dv(ī)pa (•) preṅke • (t)r(ā)ṇaṃ • waste • kṣat· ///

b2 °ṣūwa r(a) yamaṣṣeñcana pelaiknenta aksaṣṣe(ñca) ///

b3 °ne leleku ṣai cwī no k u śalamūlänta a° ///

b4 laklesa ñeñu(sku) ṣai ñakti aiśai yamaṣa ///

b5 – – o – – – – ///

Source Colophon

The source text follows Tocharian transliterations/transcriptions available through CEToM, https://cetom.univie.ac.at/, as cached for the 2026-05-10 Good Works source scout. Ancient source text and faithful transcription are used as source material. Modern translations, commentary, and scholarly notes exposed by CEToM were treated as controls only.

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