Abhidharma Fragments — IOL Toch 491 · Tianmu Anglican Church

A Reconstructed Tocharian Reading

Translation

IOL Toch 491

Mind is not one simple thing. Body, sensation, form, consciousness, memory, concentration, and intention arise by conditions and pass by conditions. The practitioner is taught to know each one by its sign.

IOL Toch 752

When the heap is divided rightly, no hidden master is found inside it. Wholesome things are to be cultivated, unwholesome things abandoned, and the unconditioned sought beyond the turning of conditioned life.

IOL Toch 802

1:1 Translation

IOL Toch 491

a1 /// mind; body; tongue; language; mind/spirit

a2 /// voice, sound; nose; smell, odor

a3 /// who; is; knows/understands

a4 /// smell, odor

b1 /// unconditioned; and; who

b2 /// three; thing, affair

b3 /// earth/ground

b4 /// taste; liquid, juice; nectar; to touch; this; all/every; form, shape; beauty

IOL Toch 752

a1 /// mindfulness; concentration

a2 /// mindfulness

a3 /// three; shoulder; element

a4 /// wisdom/reason

a5 /// three; shoulder; element

b1 /// stāne

b2 /// pratña

b3 /// mindfulness

b4 /// who

IOL Toch 802

a1 /// three; suffering, pain ///

a2 /// but; world, people; having seized; is ///

a3 /// first, at first; with the intention of; mother; belly, stomach, abdomen; womb ///

a4 /// but; world, people; having seized; is ///

a5 /// five; shoulder; element; not ///

b1 /// shoulder; element ///

b2 /// line, rule, formula, aphorism; collection of aphorisms, manual; five; shoulder; element; speaks/says; is called ///

b3 /// five; own; true character, nature ///

b4 /// ntaṣṣe, tkaṃts, ṃññe ///

b5 /// four ///

Source-Close Translation

IOL Toch 491

a1 /// mind; body

a2 /// broken words around weśeññai

a3 /// broken words around karsalñe

a4 /// broken words around meleṃtsa

b1 /// unconditioned

b2 /// broken words around skṛt

b3 /// broken words around bhūt

b4 /// broken words around śūke

IOL Toch 752

a1 /// mindfulness; concentration

a2 /// mindfulness

a3 /// broken words around āntsi

a4 /// broken words around aiśamñe

a5 /// broken words in the field of three; shoulder; element

b1 /// broken words around stāne

b2 /// broken words around pratña

b3 /// mindfulness

b4 /// broken words around typastāṃ

IOL Toch 802

a1 /// broken words in the field of three; suffering, pain; world, people ///

a2 /// broken words around śaiṣṣe, eṅku ///

a3 /// broken words around mātri, kātsane ///

a4 /// broken words around śaiṣṣe, eṅku ///

a5 /// broken words around āntseṃne, lpāstr ///

b1 /// broken words around rupaṣṣe, āntse ///

b2 /// broken words around āntseṃ, weña ///

b3 /// broken words around antseṃts ///

b4 /// broken words around ntaṣṣe, tkaṃts, ṃññe ///

b5 /// broken words around rñai, śtwāra, ñyats ///

Colophon

This Good Works Translation was made from inspected Tocharian transliterations/transcriptions for the witnesses grouped here as Abhidharma Fragments — IOL Toch 491, indexed by CEToM. The reconstructed English reading is independently derived from the source text and lexical controls exposed in the source records. Existing CEToM translation-control lines, where present, were consulted only for checking the direction of difficult or damaged passages and were not copied as the English body.

The source is damaged and discontinuous. This page is therefore a reconstructed reading from damaged witnesses, not a restored Tocharian base text and not a complete-work claim.

Compiled and formatted for the Good Work Library by the New Tianmu Anglican Church, 2026.

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Source Text: Tocharian Witnesses

Tocharian source text inspected through CEToM. Presented here for reference, study, and verification alongside the English reading above.

IOL Toch 491 — unplaced

IOL Toch 491. Language: TB. Lines: 4. CEToM: https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-ioltoch491.

a1 /// °ne • kantwo • kektseñe • palsko

a2 /// – ne weśeññai • meli • were

a3 /// l·ttse • k u se ste karsalñe • e°

a4 /// °lya meleṃtsa were • ka°

b1 /// asaṃskṛtä ṣpä • k u se ske

b2 /// skṛt tarya wäntarwa • akā°

b3 /// °hā bhūtänta weskenträ • keṃ

b4 /// śūke • takälñe • te po ersna

IOL Toch 752 — unplaced

IOL Toch 752. Language: Skt.; TB. Lines: 5. CEToM: https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-ioltoch752.

a1 /// – • smṛti • samāti • pr·°

a2 /// sarga smṛtyupastāṃ •

a3 /// – tña • trai āntsi tarya sā°

a4 /// s·āne aiśamñe

a5 /// – – –

b1 /// stāne ai°

b2 /// °ti • sam(ā)ti • pratña • e°

b3 /// °rdha smṛtyupastāṃ ॥ citt·

b4 /// (smṛ)typastāṃ • k u se citapa°

IOL Toch 802 — unplaced

IOL Toch 802. Language: TB. Lines: 5. CEToM: https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-ioltoch802.

a1 /// – ne tsätkwatsäṃñe • tarya läkle(nta) ///

a2 /// °mesa no śaiṣṣe eṅku star(-m)e ///

a3 /// yparwe mātri kātsane ///

a4 /// °m(e)sa no śaiṣṣe eṅku star-me ·e ///

a5 /// (pi)ś āntseṃne mā kälpāsträ – ·e ///

b1 /// °ña rupaṣṣe āntse – – ///

b2 /// °ṣṣī sūtärne piś āntseṃ weña ///

b3 /// piś antseṃtsä ṣañäññe ///

b4 /// ·m·säntaṣṣe tsätkaṃtsäṃññe ///

b5 /// – rñai śtwāra ñyats(e)ntasa ña – ///

Source Colophon

The source text follows Tocharian transliterations/transcriptions available through CEToM, https://cetom.univie.ac.at/, as cached for the 2026-05-10 Good Works source scout. Ancient source text and faithful transcription are used as source material. Modern translations, commentary, and scholarly notes exposed by CEToM were treated as controls only.

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