A Reconstructed Tocharian Reading
Translation
THT 549
First comes Caitra, then Vaiśākha, then Jyeṣṭha, Āṣāḍha, Śrāvaṇa, Bhādrapada, Aśvayuja, Kārttika, Mṛgaśīrṣa, Puṣya, Māgha, and Phālguna. The year is named so the community may know its appointed times.
Bull, tiger, hare, dragon, horse, sheep, monkey, cock, dog, and boar are counted with the days. Time itself is brought under discipline, so that the saṅgha may keep the act when the act is due.
1:1 Translation
THT 549
a1 mindfulness; this; ~ fifth
a2 mindfulness; some, any; this
a3 mindfulness; some, any
a4 ṣath, aṣṭami, daśami
a5 horse; ovicaprid, small herd animal; monkey; chicken
a6 pig; bat; cow, ox; tiger; hare
a7 snake, serpent
b1 place, position; afterwards/later; pertaining moral behavior; way/manner
b2 own self; controlled, restrained; to be done; carefully; city
b3 beginning with, et cetera; during, extending to the whole; pertaining to a monk, monastic; monkhood; making prosper
b4 to turn, behave; be; beginning with, et cetera; during, extending to the whole; four; good; good, welfare; behavior, evolution
b5 mind; thought, thinking; mind/spirit; pure; to be done; this; beginning with, et cetera; during, extending to the whole
Source-Close Translation
THT 549
a1 mindfulness
a2 mindfulness
a3 mindfulness
a4 broken words around ṣath, aṣṭami, daśami
a5 broken words around aśva, paśu, śaiyye
a6 broken words around maṇḍilya, arśak, vyāghra
a7 broken words in the field of ~ fifth (fifth day of a lunar fortnight ?); some, any; horse
b1 broken words around yaitkoṣ, papāṣṣorñeṣṣeṃ, spārttalyñeṣṣe
b2 broken words around añme, saññāt, yamaṣ
b3 broken words around maithunaṃ, saṃyog, warñai
b4 broken words around kuhāk, ññesa, warñai
b5 mind
Colophon
This Good Works Translation was made from inspected Tocharian transliterations/transcriptions for the witnesses grouped here as Calendar List and Monastic Rule Fragment, indexed by CEToM. The reconstructed English reading is independently derived from the source text and lexical controls exposed in the source records. Existing CEToM translation-control lines, where present, were consulted only for checking the direction of difficult or damaged passages and were not copied as the English body.
The source is damaged and discontinuous. This page is therefore a reconstructed reading from damaged witnesses, not a restored Tocharian base text and not a complete-work claim.
Compiled and formatted for the Good Work Library by the New Tianmu Anglican Church, 2026.
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Source Text: Tocharian Witnesses
Tocharian source text inspected through CEToM. Presented here for reference, study, and verification alongside the English reading above.
THT 549 — unplaced
THT 549. Language: Skt.; TB. Lines: 7. CEToM: https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-tht549.
a1 prath(a)m(a)ḥ caitram ity āhu vaiśākhas tu dvitiyakaḥ jeṣṭam(ā)sa(ḥ) tṛtiyas tu caturthāṣāḍhaka smṛtaḥ 1 śr(ā) vaṇa pañcama – s t(u) (bhā) dr(apada)
a2 ś ca ṣaṣṭamaḥ saptamāśvayujo nāma aṣṭamaḥ kārttika smṛtaḥ mṛgaśīras tu navamaḥ puṣyaś ca daśamo māsa • magha ekādaśa proktaḥ phalguṇy(o) dv(ādaśa)
a3 smṛtaḥ 2 ॥ mantilyo govṛṣo vyāghra śaśa nāgena jantuna jantunaḥ aśva paśu markaṭaś ca kukkuṭa śvāna sūkaraḥ 3 ॥ pratipat dviti triti (catu)
a4 rtha pajami ṣath saptami aṣṭami navami daśami ekadaśi dvadaśi trayodaśi caturädaśi pajadaśi
a5 aśva • yakwe • paśu • śaiyye • makkara • mokoṃśk(a) • kukkuṭa • kraṅko • śvāṇa • kū • sukha
a6 ra • suwo • maṇḍilya • arśakärśa • gova • okso • vyāghra • mewiyo (•) (śa)śa ṣaṣe • nāga • nā(k) (•)
a7 ahi • auk –
b1 siddhaṁ yke postäṃ vinaiyne yaitkoṣäṃ papāṣṣorñeṣṣeṃ yaknenne spārttalyñeṣṣe yaknesa
b2 ṣañ-añme saññāt yamaṣälle • vṛttinmane ṣeṣarpoṣäṃ acāräṣṣeṃ yaknenne anaiśai ṣañ-añme ri
b3 ttäṣälle • maithunaṃ saṃyog sutärsa warñai ṣamāññe parā(kä)ṣṣeñcaṃ sutarṣṣeṃ spārttalyñe
b4 ntane sporttolle • kuhākäññesa warñai śtwer krent spārttalyñe näkṣeñcaṃ pelaiknenta pälskomeṃ wikäṣṣä
b5 lyi : maim palsko astare yamaṣälle • tesa warñai yparwe yamaṣälyeṃ wäntarwa maim päls(k)o – –
Source Colophon
The source text follows Tocharian transliterations/transcriptions available through CEToM, https://cetom.univie.ac.at/, as cached for the 2026-05-10 Good Works source scout. Ancient source text and faithful transcription are used as source material. Modern translations, commentary, and scholarly notes exposed by CEToM were treated as controls only.
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