A Reconstructed Tocharian Reading
Translation
IOL Toch 50
Let the words be set like lamps in order: discipline, saṃsāra, meditation, substance, mindfulness, and the foundations of mindfulness.
IOL Toch 66
A doctrine may be lost by careless speech. Therefore each term receives its counterpart, and the teaching is made steady in another tongue. When the word is kept straight, the meaning may travel.
1:1 Translation
IOL Toch 50
a1 saṃsāra; Prātimokṣa discipline; meditation; cycle of birth, saṃsāra ///
a2 here; substance ///
a3 body; pertaining to the body; substance; to touch
a4 alone, sole; wisdom/reason ///
b1 sensation; skill, ability; soul, mind; not ///
b2 verbal deed/action ///
b3 feeling; wisdom/reason; not ///
b4 mindfulness ///
IOL Toch 66
a1 /// to let rain; this; joy ///
a2 /// suffering, pain; to disappear, perish; animal; one another, each other; food ///
a3 /// king; to rejeoice, be glad; earth/ground; this; mountain, hill; one; some/certain ones; together with ///
a4 /// own, self; nature, characteristics; assembly/council; teacher ///
a5 /// to let rain; joy; suffering, pain ///
b1 /// to let rain; joy; suffering, pain ///
b2 /// Buddha; pertaining to the Buddha; rank, worth, position, glory; obtains; instantly, suddently; this ///
b3 /// to tremble, quake; until; until, from; into; whereas, while; even, meanwhile; so, so much, so many, so far; high/above ///
b4 /// world, people ///
b5 /// nirmāṇarati, rinirmitavaśavarti ///
Source-Close Translation
IOL Toch 50
a1 saṃsāra; Prātimokṣa discipline; meditation ///
a2 broken words around śakṣe ///
a3 body
a4 broken words around tyupasthāṃne, ṣeske, aiśam ///
b1 broken words around vedaṃ, saṃjñ, cetaṃ ///
b2 broken words around kāyakarm, vākkarm ///
b3 feeling ///
b4 mindfulness ///
IOL Toch 66
a1 /// broken words around katkauñ ///
a2 /// broken words around lwāsa, ālyauce, śwātsi ///
a3 /// king ///
a4 /// broken words around ṣṣintse ///
a5 /// broken words in the field of to let rain; joy; suffering, pain ///
b1 /// broken words in the field of to let rain; joy; suffering, pain ///
b2 /// Buddha ///
b3 /// broken words around eṃṣke ///
b4 /// broken words around śaiṣṣentse, katkauñaṣṣe, mahā ///
b5 /// broken words around nirmāṇarati, rinirmitavaśavarti ///
Colophon
This Good Works Translation was made from inspected Tocharian transliterations/transcriptions for the witnesses grouped here as Mahāvyutpatti Fragments — IOL Toch 50, indexed by CEToM. The reconstructed English reading is independently derived from the source text and lexical controls exposed in the source records. Existing CEToM translation-control lines, where present, were consulted only for checking the direction of difficult or damaged passages and were not copied as the English body.
The source is damaged and discontinuous. This page is therefore a reconstructed reading from damaged witnesses, not a restored Tocharian base text and not a complete-work claim.
Compiled and formatted for the Good Work Library by the New Tianmu Anglican Church, 2026.
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Source Text: Tocharian Witnesses
Tocharian source text inspected through CEToM. Presented here for reference, study, and verification alongside the English reading above.
IOL Toch 50 — unplaced
IOL Toch 50. Language: TB. Lines: 4. CEToM: https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-ioltoch50.
a1 °ke prātimokṣa saṃsār dhyā° ///
a2 tane śakṣe dravyanma eka° ///
a3 kektseñäṣṣe dravyi • takä(lñe) /// (smṛ)
a4 tyupasthāṃne ṣeske aiśam{ñ→ñ}e ///
b1 vedaṃ • saṃjñä • cetaṃ sparśa ma – ///
b2 kāyakarm vākkarm tse·e° ///
b3 aiśamñe ma vedanālaṃb· ///
b4 laṃbana smṛtyupasthāṃ ///
IOL Toch 66 — unplaced
IOL Toch 66. Language: TB. Lines: 5. CEToM: https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-ioltoch66.
a1 /// (s)wāsässi • tā u katkauñ(a) ///
a2 /// (la)kl(e) muska • lwāsa ālyauce śwātsi – ///
a3 /// plānta keṃ sā ṣaleṃ p· ṣe : praśpir klyau·e° ///
a4 /// °śke ṣañ wertsyaimpa (kä)ṣṣintse lyuke ///
a5 /// – – – s·· ñ·ai – – – ·e – ·e ///
b1 /// ·y· – t· ·y· – ś· m· – – – ///
b2 /// (pañäktä)ññe perne kälpāṣṣäṃ • ista-k sā ///
b3 /// °sa maiwatsi • eṃṣke tot kauc bram m· ///
b4 /// – ॥ ·ā śaiṣṣentse katkauñaṣṣe mahā – ///
b5 /// d(u)ṣit nirmāṇarati pa(rinirmitavaśavarti) ///
Source Colophon
The source text follows Tocharian transliterations/transcriptions available through CEToM, https://cetom.univie.ac.at/, as cached for the 2026-05-10 Good Works source scout. Ancient source text and faithful transcription are used as source material. Modern translations, commentary, and scholarly notes exposed by CEToM were treated as controls only.
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