An Old Babylonian wisdom dialogue between Put-Ishtar and his son. The father opens with instruction; the son contests it; they debate wisdom, divine favor, filial duty, and the legend of Etana. The final columns break from dialogue into solitary lament: the narrator, a servant of Naram-Sin of Agade, contemplates death, the descent to Ereshkigal's underworld, and curses the faithless child. Composed in the early second millennium BCE. Tablet YBC 2394, Yale Babylonian Collection.
Obverse, Column I — Instruction and First Exchange
Put-Ishtar [gave instruction to his son:]
"[My son, let me instruct you!]
[Receive] my wisdom!
Do not say within a lesson,
'It is I who am best!'"
His son answered him:
"Putti — sagehood is bondage and oblivion!
It holds no value before Nudimmud.
However mighty the singer's craft,
wisdom, and cunning —
the man who holds a guardian spirit:
what more need he do?
Is it too much for you,
that you trembled before my wealth and fortune?
The sage kneels
at the door of the man with a protective spirit."
His father answered him:
"In my master's shadow — a fine protection.
Now the lute is put away,
the song of triumph has grown silent,
there is no rejoicing.
The days are spent, the years are done.
Brace yourself. Ready yourself for suffering.
'The generous hand has gone back into the sleeve.'
'Where evil vanishes, a fortunate man drove it away.'
Your lord will consume the inheritance
his father bequeathed him —
and what I gathered, you yourself will squander."
His son answered him:
"Putti — have you not seen
the high water coming from the river?
Six times it rose, seven times it fell back.
Famine, deprivation, wasting, and want
have been mixed among the people
since the ancient days.
The long-lived reed in the canebrake will fall —
just as the young shoot runs its course to its day.
Putti — how was it, in the days before us,
that people were shown the divine plan?
You are versed in the rites of the gods,
you have heard the secret.
It was commanded, they say, from Enlil's own mouth:
'Father shall love son.'
Why was 'Son shall love father' never commanded
among the destined things?"
Obverse, Column II — The Father's Complaint; Etana
His father answered him:
"Mannu-utarrissu —
if in good times a father did not protect his son,
when shall a son protect his father
in a time of suffering?
Mannu-utarrissu —
what do I ask of you now?
Food? Oil to groom myself? Clothing?
One would think that since your childhood
you were sent away, ignored, forgotten
from my heart."
His son answered him:
"Putti — the one with mankind is mortal;
the one who lives forever is with god.
And the son who was a cripple in his father's house —
the king will provide for him."
His father answered him:
"Mannu-utarrissu —
I know what sons are to you.
Regard is owed to a father
as much as to wife and children.
Among sons — five, six, seven, eight —
who among the gods would grant a man
even one child he loves?"
His son answered him:
"Putti — what is the course of a seventy-gur vessel
struggling without a rudder?
Look: the man with no son —
he is scorned by his brother."
His father answered him:
"Mannu-utar —
Etana fell short of the king his brother;
he did not measure up.
Your son? A potsherd from the street:
whoever picked it up gained no good fortune."
His son answered him:
"Putti — you know it well:
Etana wandered the uplands seeking a child,
flew like a bird to the assembly of the gods,
ascended to the heavens.
They ordained for him the lot of mankind —
yet the gods did not approach him,
nor bestow upon him a child,
from among the destined things."
His father answered him:
"Mannu-utar —
you take fine care of yourself,
in ways not available to me.
But what in my old age you have no regard for —
that, you yourself will yet complain of."
His son answered him:
"Why, Putti —
did you yourself say to me
ever since my childhood with you,
'I have no son'?"
Right Edge, Column III — Divine Ordinance; Penitential Prayer
[The column opens with damage. The father's voice continues.]
"[Mannu-utar,] why [...]
to [...?]
And is it fitting that you covet [...]?
Did [...] not fawn on [...] the king of the raging [...]?
Set the matter before my lord —
in setting things straight, he will [judge]."
His son answered him:
"Putti — truly,
they have made the insufficient numerous —
the great one has been diminished;
the insignificant has grown great."
His father answered him:
"Mannu-utar —
the king gave a command on your behalf,
but god made you great.
Who like you
has so humiliated the father who begot him?"
His son answered him:
"Putti — blind is the guardian spirit,
deaf is the lamassu,
but the one the king has honored —
he exalts the father."
His father answered him:
"Mannu-utar —
why does the one who has food to eat
go seeking sorrow?
But the one whose god has cursed him —
is short of even a roof."
His son answered him:
"Putti —
who has tossed a mud brick into the stew,
or returned evil to one who did good?
Putti — you know well:
my having no regard for you is a god's command.
It was Shamash who kept me safe
from yourself and your power."
His father answered him:
"Mannu-utar —
so! Did you not reverence the king?
Did you not honor god?
Have my supplications not fallen on your heart?"
His son answered him:
"So, Putti — bring it!
Let us lay our case
before valiant Shamash, between us:
the one who brings wrongdoing to him —
let him bear his punishment."
His father answered him:
"Mannu-utar —
though you have felt no shame until now,
god has ordained penitential prayer for men.
The one who said 'I am guilty' —
god has absolved him."
His son answered him:
"I, for my part, from my childhood —
I yield you nothing.
For the very reason that from childhood
you did not want me as your son —
my heart is angry with you."
Columns IV–VI (severely broken)
[Columns IV through VI are largely destroyed. Fragmentary lines survive:]
[His son answered him:]
"[Putti,] ... in ... they grew fine ...
The one who pays heed ... did Ea himself not [...]?"
[His father answered him:]
"[Mannu-utar,]
the left hand seized ...
and the one [...] — swiftly [...].
Do not ... with the king ...
Ninlil snaps off ..."
His son answered him:
"Putti — you heard ...
before you ... these fears ...
They spoke complaint in [...].
Will not the king mention ...?
The one the king [honors] —
let him diminish [...].
Putti — you yourself [know]:
the one a father mentions,
a son belittles.
Now his protective spirit
passes by ..."
His father answered him:
"[Mannu-utar —]
so! Let him honor his protective spirit,
let him extol his king!
As for me who begot you —
never did my supplications fall upon your heart."
His son answered him:
"Putti — will your mind [remember]?
One would think they do not [...]
before the mighty gods.
Why [...]?"
Left Edge — The Lament
[A long gap divides the dialogue from what follows. When the text resumes, the alternating speakers have fallen silent. A single voice speaks — solitary, first-person, facing death. The father who argued with his son is now the servant who has outlived his king.]
"...let my eyes fill with tears.
Let his [...] take me along.
I will draw near to death and return to clay.
Now — after the death of Naram-Sin, my lord —
I look about for my resting place:
a place where no son, no wife, will weep over me,
where no one will see my face,
where my boon companion will not say,
'Alas — the brother we relied upon!'
I shall die in the city of Agade.
The house I enter — I will hang no door on it.
Shall I ascend, like Etana,
into the heaven of Anu?
Shall I descend to the Apsu?
No one will know!
Am I not a valiant warrior,
seed of the Hero?
I will enter Ereshkigal's Land of No Return.
I will establish my valor there —
my valor in the earth below.
And in the speech of the teeming peoples,
the teeming peoples will sing praise of my valor:
'Put-Ishtar the sage — Watar-hasis,
descendant of the Umanu —
is mingled with the dust of the netherworld!'
As for that one — after my death —
may people shun his face.
The one who treated me so:
may a son so treat him in turn.
May he build no house in joy,
may he raise no son — may his line be cut off.
May the city of Agade curse him,
pivot of the land.
May his father's curses pursue him.
May the people revile his precious life ..."
Bottom Edge — The Curses
[The curse continues across the tablet's base, invoking the great gods against the faithless child:]
"[May the king] have him escorted from his palace.
May his city Agade and Eulmash curse him,
that he not pass the courtiers who bar his way.
May the queen who turns words favorable
make his words contemptible as a slave's before the king.
May she make eunuch and courtier turn against him.
May Ishtar, warrior among the goddesses,
ordain disorder and rebellion in his household.
May [...] come in upon him, not pass him by.
May he find no good within his home.
May Kilili — lady who leans through the windows of the teeming peoples —
ordain for him anxiety, sleeplessness, and unrest,
scorn him,
make his frame shrink,
carry off his protection and strip away his manhood.
May Mama who bore him, creator of his name,
renounce him and denounce him to his king,
take away his virility,
deprive him of all vitality.
Among his brothers, may he be a byword for a fool.
May Aruru, mistress who fashioned mankind,
ordain his destiny for evil.
May he build a house but never hold a housewarming.
May he take a wife but raise no child.
May all the young men of the black-headed people
be visitors to his bedchamber,
and may he himself accomplish nothing.
Because he was not well-disposed,
but grew angry with his father —
by the command of Shamash, judge of heaven and earth,
may his case never be resolved."
(Colophon: ZAG.TIL — the tablet is complete.)
Colophon
The Father and His Son — Good Works Translation from Old Babylonian.
Translated by Kael (Translator, Life 1 of this name), New Tianmu Anglican Church, April 2026, from the ATF transliteration of tablet YBC 2394, Yale Babylonian Collection.
Source: Cuneiform tablet YBC 2394, Yale Babylonian Collection. Old Babylonian period, early 2nd millennium BCE (ca. 1800–1600 BCE). Multi-column tablet: obverse (8 columns), edges, bottom. ATF transliteration accessed via CDLI (Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative). Text file: Tulku/Tools/akkadian/YBC_2394_atf.txt.
First English translation statement: No freely available complete English translation of YBC 2394 is known to this translator. Academic discussions of the composition exist in cuneiform scholarship (notably in studies of Old Babylonian wisdom literature), but paywalled publications serve a different purpose than free access. This translation makes the complete composition publicly available for the first time.
Blood Rule statement: This translation was independently derived from the Akkadian ATF transliteration. The #tr.en: reference annotations within the ATF file were consulted to verify understanding of damaged passages, but served as a check only — the English was not reproduced or paraphrased from those annotations. Where ATF annotations were consulted, they were used to confirm or query my independent reading of the Akkadian.
On the composition: YBC 2394 presents a father-son wisdom dialogue with extraordinary range — from the aphoristic exchanges of OB school wisdom through the mythological reference (Etana) to the sudden solitary lament after "the death of Naram-Sin, my lord." The shift from dialogue to monologue in the left edge is remarkable: the speaker has stopped arguing with his son and is facing death, imagining descent to Ereshkigal's realm as a heroic act ("I will establish my valor there"). The reference to Naram-Sin of Agade (reigned ca. 2254–2218 BCE) places the narrative voice in the Akkadian imperial court. The curses invoked — Ishtar, Kilili, Mama, Aruru — are the full female divine arsenal of OB curse formulary.
Damaged passages: Columns IV–VI are severely broken; columns VII–VIII (left edge continuation) are fragmentary. I have translated all coherent lines and marked genuine lacunae with [...]. I have not attempted to fill gaps not supported by the ATF.
Key terms:
- Put-Ishtar (put-Ištar) — "face/son of Ishtar"; the father's name
- Putti — shortened form of Put-Ishtar; the son's address to his father
- Mannu-utarrissu — "Who has returned him to me?"; the father's address to the son
- NUN.ME / apkallum — sage, master-craftsman of divine knowledge
- lamassu — protective personal spirit
- Nudimmud — epithet of Ea/Enki, lord of wisdom
- šigū — penitential prayer genre
- kurnugi — "the land of no return" (underworld)
- Etana — legendary Sumerian king who flew to heaven on an eagle seeking the plant of birth
- Naram-Sin — Akkadian emperor, grandson of Sargon; his death likely caused administrative crisis
- ZAG.TIL — scribal colophon notation: "the tablet is complete"
Translated for the Good Work Library by Kael (Translator, Life 1), New Tianmu Anglican Church, April 2026.
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Source Text — YBC 2394 (ATF Transliteration)
ATF (ASCII Transliteration Format) transcription of the Akkadian cuneiform. Accessed from CDLI. Lines beginning with %ob mark obverse text; $ lines mark rulings and annotations. Uncertain readings marked # or !?. Lacunae in square brackets.
@obverse
@column 1
1. %ob [{m}pu-ut-{d}INANNA ma-ra-šu i-iš-ša-ar?]
2. %ob [ma-ri lu-šu]-ur₂!#-[ka]
3. %ob [a-ši-ir-ti] ṣa#-bat [(x)]
4. %ob [e ta-aq-bi] i-na li-ib-bi a-ši-i[r-tim]
5. %ob [a-na]-ku-mi dam-qa₂-a-k[u]
7. %ob ma-ru-šu i-ip-pa-al-šu
8. %ob [{m}p]u-ut-ti NUN.ME-lu-tum!?# ša-lu-tum
9. %ob u₃ mi-ši-tum ki-ma la-ma-as-si₂
10. %ob [u₂-u]l šu-qu₂-ra-at ma-har {d}nu-dim₂-mud
11. %ob [lu d]a-nu na-ru-tum ne-me-qum ha-si#-sum₂
12. %ob [L]U₂ ša ši-dam i-šu-u₂ i-pe-eš mi-nam
13. %ob [e]-li-ka#-ma a-wa-tum
14. %ob [tap]-ri-id ma-aš-ri-i u₃ la-ma-si₂
15. %ob [a-n]a ba-ab ša ši-dam i-šu-u₂
16. %ob [k]a-mi-is NUN.ME
17. %ob [i-n]a qi₂-bi-it {d}en-lil₂ i-na a?#-ki-tim
18. %ob [x] x x# i-ba-u₂
19. %ob [LU₂ it-ta-n]a-aq-qi₂ la-li-a-am
20. %ob [ma-gir] DINGIR-šu
21. %ob a#-bu-šu i-pa-al-šu
22. %ob ša a-na ṣu₂-uh-ri#-ku#-nu#-u₂
23. %ob at-ta u₃ šar-r[a-k]a
24. %ob ta-aš-ku-na pa-na#-nu-um
25. %ob ša i-na ša-bi-hi-im ša be-li₂-ia
26. %ob ta-al-li-ka ta-ra-nim dam-qi₂
27. %ob i-na-an-na uk-ku-uš pi-it-nu
28. %ob du-up-pu-ra-at ni-gu-tum
29. %ob u₂-ul i-ba-aš-ši me-le-ṣum
30. %ob na-wa-rum šu-us-su₂
31. %ob ga-am-ra u₄-ma-tum
32. %ob qu₂-ut-ta-a ša-na-tum
33. %ob u₂-ta-hi-iz a-na nam-ra-ṣi-im
34. %ob ki-i-il qa₂-qa₂-ad-ka
35. %ob u₃ qa₂-tum na-di-in-tum
36. %ob i-te-ru-ub su₂-un-šu
37. %ob u₃ lum-nu ih-ta-li-iq
38. %ob ha-du-u₂ ud-da-ap-pi-i[r]
39. %ob i-ga-mar be-el-ka ma-ak-ku-r[a]
40. %ob [š]a i-zi-bu a-bu-šu
41. %ob u₃ ša a-na-ku u₂-pa-hi-ru
42. %ob tu-sa₃-pa-ah at-ta
43. %ob ma-ru-šu i-pa-al-šu
44. %ob {m}pu-ut-ti u₂-ul ta-mu-ur
45. %ob i-na na-ri-im mi-lam a-la-kam
46. %ob 6-šu iš-ši-a-am-ma 7-šu it-tur
47. %ob su₂-un-qum hu-ša-hu ni-ib-ri-tum
48. %ob u₃ [mi]-ṭi-tum
49. %ob ba-li#-il-ma it-ti ni-ši
50. %ob la-bi-ri-iš ba-ši
51. %ob qa₂-nu-u₂ i-na a-pi-im
52. %ob lu-bu-rum i-ma-aq-qu₂-ut
53. %ob ki-ma GI.EN₃.BAR ṣe-eh-ri
54. %ob i-il-la-kam a-di u₄-mi-šu
55. %ob {m}pu-ut-ti ki-i i-na pa-ni-ni
56. %ob ku-ul-lu-m[a n]i-šu u₂-ṣur-tam
57. %ob am-ra-ti-ma ki-ki-ṭa ša DINGIR
58. %ob [p]i-ri-iš-tam te-eš-me
59. %ob qa₂-bi-mi i-na pi-i {d}en-lil₂
60. %ob a#-bu ma-ra-am li-ra-am
61. %ob [a]m-mi-ni ma-rum a-ba-am li-ra-am
62. %ob [l]a iq-qa₂-bi i-na ši-ma-tum
@column 2
1. %ob u₃ šum-ma i-na dam-q[a₂-a-tim]
2. %ob a#-bu la ih-si-nam ma-r[a-šu]
3. %ob [m]a-ti ma-rum i-na nam-ra#-ṣ[i₂-im]
4. %ob a-ba-šu li-ih-si-in#
5. %ob a-bu-šu i-pa-al-šu
6. %ob {m}ma-an#-nu#-um-u₂-tar-is-su₂
7. %ob a-na-ku i-na-an-na mi-nam e-ri-iš-ka
8. %ob ip-ra-a-am pi-iš-ša-tam u₃ lu-bu-ša
9. %ob ki-ša!(MA)-ma iš#-tu ṣu₂-uh-ri-ka-ma
10. %ob ṭa-ar-da-at uk-ku-ša-at
11. %ob ma-ši-a-at i-na li-ib-bi-<ia>
12. %ob ma-ru-šu i-pa-al-šu
13. %ob {m}pu-ut-ti ša it-ti a-wi-lu-tim | mi-tu
14. %ob it-ti DINGIR ba-li-iṭ da-ri-ša-am
15. %ob u₃ ma-ra-am ša i-na E₂ A.BA
16. %ob hu-um-mu-u₂ i-šar LUGAL
17. %ob a-bu-šu i-pa-al-šu
18. %ob {m}ma-an-nu-u₂-tar-is-su₂
19. %ob i-de ša DUMU.MEŠ i-na pa-ni-ka
20. %ob u₃ ši-ip-ra ša ṭa-bu u₃ ni-pi-sa₃
21. %ob a-na-ku [h]a-as-sa₃-a-ku
22. %ob i-lum iš-[ku-u]n i-na u₂-ṣur-tim
23. %ob ap-lam a-na la NUMUN ha-la-qi₂-im
24. %ob ti-de-ma at-ta ma-rum
25. %ob ma-la ši-ir-ri u₃ DAM
26. %ob a-ba-šu <li>-iṭ-ṭu₃-ul
27. %ob i-na DUMU.MEŠ 5 6 7 8
28. %ob ma-an-nu še-er-ra-am ša ṭa-bu
29. %ob a-na a-wi-lim li-iš-ru-uk
30. %ob ma-ru-šu i-pa-al-šu
31. %ob {m}pu-ut-ti mi-nu MA₂ 70 GUR
32. %ob ša la si₂-ik-ka-nim
33. %ob i-na nam-ra-ṣi-im a-la-ak-ša
34. %ob a-nu-um-ma LU₂ ša DUMU la i-šu#-u₂
35. %ob na-a-aṣ it-ti a-hi-šu
36. %ob a-bu-šu i-pa-al-šu
37. %ob {m}ma-an-nu-u₂-tar
38. %ob {m}e-ta-na a-na šar-ri a-hi-šu
39. %ob im-ṭi-a-am la ma-aṣ-am
40. %ob DUMU?#-ka# ha-aṣ#-bu# ša# i-na SILA <<x>>
41. %ob il-qu₂-u₂ i-la-a-am [u₂-u]l ir-ši
42. %ob ma-ru-šu i-pa-a[l-šu]
43. %ob {m}pu-ut-ti at-ta ti-de
44. %ob {m}e-ta-na a-na še-er-ri-im
45. %ob it-t[a-g]i-ša-am ša-di-a-am
46. %ob i-ṣ[u₂-ri-iš] a-na UKKIN ša DINGIR.MEŠ
47. %ob [ša-me-š]a-am i-li
48. %ob [a-na a-wi-l]u-tim iš-ku-nu-ni-iš-[šu]
49. %ob š[a-šu]m DINGIR.MEŠ la i-ku-šu-šu-ma
50. %ob še-er-ra-am la iš-ru-ku-šum
51. %ob i-na ši-ma-tim
52. %ob a-bu-šu i-pa-al-šu
53. %ob {m}ma-an-nu-u₂-tar
54. %ob tu#-dam-ma-aq a-na pa-ag-ri-ka
55. %ob ša# la ṭu₃-ha-a a-na ia-ši-im
56. %ob u₃ ša i-na ši-bu-ti-ia
57. %ob la tap-pa-la!-sa₃ ta-da-bu-ub at-ta
58. %ob ma-ru-šu i-pa-al-šu
59. %ob am-mi-ni {m}pu-ut-ti
60. %ob at-ta-ma ta-aq-bi-a-am
61. %ob iš-tu ṣu₂-uh-ri-ia-ma it-ti/ka#
62. %ob u₂-ul ma-rum a-na-ku-[ma]
@right
@column 3
0. [... a-bu-šu i-pa-al-šu]
1'. %ob {m}[ma-an-nu-u₂-tar]
2'. %ob am-m[i-ni x x x x]
3'. %ob a-n[a x x x x x x]
4'. %ob u₃ na#-ṭu₂# ka#-x [x x x]
5'. %ob i-in-ka [ta-na-ši?]
6'. %ob u₂-ul uk-ta-zi-ib [x (x) x] | x [x x x]
7'. %ob LUGAL na-e-ri-im ra-bi-[x x x]
8'. %ob ma-har be-li₂-ia a-wa-ta[m šu-ku-un?]
9'. %ob i-na šu-šu-ri-im u₂#-[x x x]
10'. %ob ma-ru-šu i#-[pa-al-šu]
11'. %ob {m}pu-ut-ti i-na ki-it-[tim]
12'. %ob i-ṣa-am uš-mi-du u₃ x [x] | i-d[e]
13'. %ob iq-li-il-ma ša r[e-su ka-ab-tu?]
14'. %ob i-ka-bi-it qa₂-al-[lum]
15'. %ob a-bu-šu i-pa-al-šu#
16'. %ob {m}ma-an-nu-u₂-tar
17'. %ob i-na pa-ni-ka LUGAL iz-kur
18'. %ob u₃ DINGIR u₂-ka-bi-i[t]
19'. %ob ma-an-nu ki-ma ka-a-ti
20'. %ob a-ba ba-ni-šu i-ṭap-pa-lam ma-gal u[š-tam]-ṭ[i-šu?]
21'. %ob ma-ru-šu i-pa-al-šu#
22'. %ob {m}pu-ut-ti su₂-ku-uk ša [ši-di-im]
23'. %ob hu-pu-da-at la-m[a-su₂-(um)]
24'. %ob u₃ ša LUGAL uš-ta-qi₂-ru-[šu]
25'. %ob a-ba-am u₂-u[l-le]
26'. %ob a-bu#-šu i-pa-al-šu
27'. %ob {m}ma#-an-nu-u₂-tar
28'. %ob am-mi-nim#-ma ra-ši a-ka-[li]m!
29'. %ob di-ma-tam i-sa₃-hu-ur
30'. %ob u₃ ša# DINGIR-šu# iz-zu?-ru-šu
31'. %ob u₂-ra-am im?#-ṭi₃?#
32'. %ob ma-ru-šu i-pa-al-šu
33'. %ob {m}pu-ut-ti ma-an-nu ša a-na me-er-si
34'. %ob is-su₂-ku li-bi#-tam
35'. %ob u₃ ša a-na du-um-qa₂ id-di#-nu
36'. %ob i-ri-bu lum-nam
37'. %ob {m}pu-ut-ti ti-de-e ša a-na-ku
38'. %ob la ap-pa-la-sa₃-kum qi₂-bi-it DINGIR-ma
39'. %ob i-na zu-um-ri-ka i-na le-[u₂]-ti-ka!(KU)
40'. %ob ša {d}UTU u₂-ši-ṣ[i₂] pa-ag-ri
41'. %ob a-bu-šu i#-pa#-al-šu
42'. %ob [{m}]ma-an-nu-u₂-tar
43'. %ob ma# at-ta u₂-ul LUGAL tap-la-ah
44'. %ob u₂-ul DINGIR tu-ka-bi-it
45'. %ob u₂-ul un-ne-nu-u₂-a im-qu₂-tu
46'. %ob a-na li-i[b]-bi-ka
47'. %ob ma-ru-šu i-pa-a[l]-šu
48'. %ob [{m}p]u-ut-ti ma bi-lam
49'. %ob [i ni]-iš-ku-un ṭe₄-em-ni
50'. %ob i-na ma-har {d}UTU qu₂-ra-di#-im
51'. %ob i-na bi-ri-ni ša ar-ni-[i]m
52'. %ob ub-ba-la-aš-šu a-ra-an-šu li-i[š-š]i
53'. %ob a-bu-šu i-pa-al-š[u]
54'. %ob {m}ma-an-nu-u₂-tar
55'. %ob a-di-ni at-ta la tab-ba-aš
56'. %ob a-na a-wi-lu-tim ši-gu DINGIR iš-[ku-u]n
57'. %ob u₃ ša ar-ni-mi iq-b[u-u₂]
58'. %ob DINGIR ip-ṭu₃-ur-šum#
59'. %ob ma-ru-šu i-pa-al-šu
60'. %ob a-na-ku ša# ṣu₂-uh-ri-ia-ma
61'. %ob u₂-ul u₂-wa-ša-ra-ak-kum
62'. %ob aš-šum-ma iš-tu ṣu₂-u[h]-ri-ia-ma
63'. %ob ma#-ru-ti la ta-a[h]-še-hu
64'. %ob [k]a-mi-il-ka li!#-bi
@column 4
$ (long gap intervenes)
[fragmentary lines — see source file]
@left
@column 8 (left edge)
5'. [li-im-d]a-la i-na-a-a
6'. [x x]-šu li-il-qi₂-a-am ia-ti
7'. [lu-uk]-šu-su₂ mu-ta-am-ma
8'. [lu-t]u-ur₂ a-na ṭi-iṭ-ṭi
9'. [i-na]-an-na EGIR na-ra-am-sin be-li₂-ia
10'. [ma]-a-a-li a-sa₃-hu-ur
11'. a-šar DUMU u₃ DAM la i-ba-ku-u₂
12'. i-na ṣe-ri-ia
13'. a-šar ni-šu la i-ma-ra pa-ni-ia
14'. u₃ i-bi-ir ta-li-mi-ia
15'. la i-qa₂-bu-u₂ wu-a-a a-hi tu-uk-la-at;-ni
16'. a-ma-at-ma i-na li-ib-bu
17'. a-lim a-ga-de₃{ki} E₂ ša e-ru-bu-šu
18'. u₂-ul u₂-šar-ša ba-ba-am
19'. e-li-ma ki-ma e-ta-na
20'. ša-mu AN-nim
21'. ur-ra-ad-ma ap-si₂-<<a>>-šu
22'. u₂-ul i-lam-ma-ad ma-ma-an
23'. u₂-ul qar-ra-da-ku NUMUN me-a-am-li!?
24'. e-ru-um-<ma> a-na kur-nu-gi₄ {d}ereš-ki-gal
25'. a-ša-ka-an qu₂-ur-di
26'. a-ša-ka-an-ma qu₂-ur-di i-na KUR
27'. i-na pi-i ni-ši de-ši-a-tim
28'. [n]i-šu de-ši-a-tum i-da-bu-ba
29'. [da]-li-il qu₂-ur-di-ia
30'. {I#}pu-ut-{d}INANNA-mi i-na pa-ni ma-ri-šu#
31'. i-te-li ša-me-ša-am
32'. u₂-ri-id-ma ap-si-šu-um
33'. u₂-ul i-ba-aš-ši a-me-er-šu
34'. u₂-ša-aq-ba wa-ar-ki-a-tim
35'. ni-ši te-ni-ši-tim
36'. {I#}pu-ut-{d}INANNA-mi NUN.ME wa-tar-ha-si-<sa₃>-a[m]
37'. ŠE.NUMUN u₂-ma-nim i-na SAHAR KUR bu-lu-ul
38'. ša-ti iš-tu wa-ar-ki-ia-ma
39'. ni-šu a-a im-hu-ra zi-<<hi>>-im-šu
40'. ša ia-ti i-pu-ša-an-ni
41'. ma-rum ki-a-am li-pu-uš-šu
42'. a i-pu-uš E₂ i-na la-le-šu
43'. a# ir-ši ma-ra-am-ma ze-ru-šu
44'. li!(LA)-ih-li-iq
45'. li-zu-ur-šu-ma a-lum a#-ga#-de₃{ki}
46'. [p]i-ri-ik ma-a#-[tim]
47'. [š]u-ma er-re-et a-b[i-šu li-iṭ-he-šu]
48'. [ni]-šu li-iz-[zu-ra]
49'. [wa-a]q-ra-[tam na-pi-iš-ta-šu?]
@bottom
@column 1
2. [...]-a-šu? i-na E₂.GAL-š[u ... li-š]a-ri-šu
3. [a-al-š]u a-ga-de₃{ki} e₂-ul-maš li-zu-u[r-šu-ma qa₂-at] ma#-za-az i-pa-ri-ku a-a iš-ši
4. [be-el-tu]m mu-dam-mi-qa₂-at a-wa-tim ki#-ma w[a-ar-d]i li-qal-li-lam a-wa-as-su₂
5. [ma-har LUGA]L-ri ti-ra u₃ ma-za-za e-li-šu [li]-iš-ba-al-ki-it
6. [{d}INNIN].NA qa₂-ri-ti i-la-tim i-na E₂-šu i-ši-[tam] u₃ sa₃-ah-maš-tam li-iš-ku-un-šum
7. [x x-i]k ak-lam a il-li-kam e-li-šu li-ru-ub-ma
8. [i-na bi]-ti-šu la ṭa-ab-tum li-im-hu-ur-šu
9. [{d}ki-li-li be]-el-tum mu-ši-ra-at a-pa-at ni-ši di-<ši>-a-tim
10. [di-li-ip-tam e-r]u-tam u₃ la ṣa-la-lam li-iš-ku-un-šu
11. [li-ze-e]r-šu# l[i-ik-ru]-u₂ la-an-šu
12. [li-it-ba-l]am-ma ṣi-la-šu# du-u₂-su₂ li-ṭe₄-er
13. [{d}m]a-ma wa-li-ta-šu ba-ni-a-at °\° šu-mi-šu
14. [l]i-is-ki-ip-šu-ma a-na ŠA₃ LUGAL-šu i-na le-mu-tim | li-<ir?>-de-šu
15. [l]i-ṭe₄-er-ma du-u₂-su₂ ba-aš-ta-šu li-hal-<li>-iq
16. [i-na] bi-ri-it ah-hi-šu lu-[u₂] du-na-mu!(NU)-um šum-šu
17. [{d}]a-ru-ru be-el-tum ba-ni-a-at a-wi-lu-tim š[i-ma-t]i-šu a-na le-me-nim li-iš-ku-un
18. [l]i-pu-uš bi-tam a i[š-k]u-nam u₂-ru-ba-tim
19. [li-h]u-uz# aš#-ša#-tam [a u₂-ra]-ab-bi ši-ir-ra-am
20. [... e]ṭ-lu-tim [ša ṣa]-al#-ma#-[at qa₂]-qa₂-di-im <lu-u₂> e-ri-bu ur-ši-im
21. [...] x# x# [šu]-u₂ a i-pu-uš
22. [aš-šum ... la] id-mi-qu₂-ma iš-bu-su a-ba-šu
23. [i-na qi₂-bi-it {d}UT]U da-a-a-nim ša ša-me-e u₃ er-ṣe-tim
24. [di-in-šu pu-ru-sa₃]-a# a i-ir-ši
25. ($___$) ZAG.TIL
Source Colophon
Tablet: YBC 2394, Yale Babylonian Collection, New Haven.
Period: Old Babylonian, early 2nd millennium BCE.
Language: Akkadian (Old Babylonian dialect).
Script: Cuneiform (transliterated to ATF by CDLI editors).
ATF source: Tulku/Tools/akkadian/YBC_2394_atf.txt
Copyright: Cuneiform original — public domain (ancient). ATF transliteration — CC BY 4.0 (CDLI).
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