IA 1834 Latin OCR Witness

PETRI RAMI VITA.

917

runt ad dialectics artis perfectionem definitione nihil
opus esse. Qui duo judices a Ramo lecti erant, con-
tra censuerunt. Postridie tres judices Aristotelei vehe-
menter conturbati, de partitione assentiuntur, causara-
que in aliam diem rejiciunt. Veriirn ne non damna-
retur Ramus, novum concilium initur, ut ab initio tota
disputatio retexatur, judicata pridie, pro nihilo habea-
tur. Ab ista judicum inconstantia provocat Ramus;
sed frustra ; judicium n. sine provocatione tribus illus
judicibus datur ; condemnantur triumvirali ilia sen-
tentia non soliim Animadversiones Aristotelicae, sed
Institutiones etiam Dialecticae : auctori interdicitur,
ne in posterum vel docendo vel scribendo, ullam phi-
losophise partem attingeret : ludi etiam mag-no appa-
ratu celebrantur, in quibus Ramus et Ramea Diabe-
tica ludibrio habetur. Ab his difficultatibus unus
omnium Carolus Lotharingus Ramum liberavit: Hen-
rico enim regi persuaserat, philosophiam semper libe-
ram esse oportere. Hinc Ramus pristinse docendi ac
scribendi libertati restitutus, per annos quatuor summa
in pace studiis operam dedit. Anno setatis trigesimo
primo orationem de studiis philosophise et eloquentiae
conjungendis habuit : cum Talceo fratre (sic eum per-
petuo vocat) professionis partes ita divisit, ut Talaeus
matutinis horis philosophiam, ipse pomeridianis elo-
quentiam doceret : in poetis, oratoribus, philosophis
omnisque generis authoribus explicandis, usum dialec-
tics demonstravit : id Ramo postea crimini datum est,
quod in philosophico studio non philosophos, sed, con-
tra leges academiae, pro philosophis poetas explicaret :
purgat se Ramus; petitque ut gymnasium suum Prse-
leum per probos et doctos homines invisatur. Sed
judex quidam, nobilis adolescens, datus, discipulos
Rami indicta causa, condemuat ; publicis et scholis et
sigillis et tabulis prohibet ; omnibus denique academiae
muneribus et praemiis excludit. Ab hac sententia tarn
nova discipuli Rami ad Julianense philosophorum co-
mitium provocant, et absolvuntur, modo praeceptor
eorum jurejurando confirmet, libros, academiae legibus
definitos, a se esse praelectos. Confirma Ramus :
paulo tamen post ab eodem judice adolescente, non
discipuli, ut antea, sed magistri eorum oppugnantur:
Ramo injungitur, ut in publicis scholis disciplinam
suam ipse detestaretur et ejuraret. Is ad superiores
academiae ordines secundo provocat : sed cum vitandi
tumultus causa, scripto se absens, defenderet, ado-
lescens ille judex, etsi duabus appellationibus rejectus,
tertio judicat ac damnat. Quarto provocat Ramus :
cum provocations diem accusator antevertisset, co-
actus est Ramus subito in senatum venire : hie ite-
rum Carolus Lotharingus unico praesidio fuit: ac-
cusationem cujusdam audiit gravissimam Ramum
Academicum nominantis, qui de humanis divinisque
legibus dubitaret, qui lubricos D. Augustini locos ad
effrsenatam atque impiam libertatem suis auditoribus
proponeret, et quo facilius incautis animis abutere-
tur, omnes logicas disputationes tolleret. Contra has
calumnias facile se defendit Ramus. Decretum est
itaque in senatu, uti Ramus discipulique ejus in pristi-
num atque integrum statum restituerentur. Ipse anno
setatis trigesimo sexto cum Blessiis Carolus Lotha-

ringus ad Henricum regem de disciplina Ramea. retu-
lisset, in numerum atque ordinem regiorum professorum
per literas regias honorifice ad se scriptas, est cooptatus.
Gratias itaque et regi Henrico et Carolo Lotharingo
publice egit; sibique persuasit, se a rege in praestan-
tissima reip. parte esse collocatum ; sibique adeo dies
ac noctes esse summo studio enitendum, ne tanto mu-
neri ac professioni eloquentiae simul et philosophiae.
deesset: unde animos adolescentium tanta audiendi et
proficiendi cupiditate inflammavit, utschola regia, licet
ad audiendum amplissima, plerumque tamen auditorum
concursum frequentiamque capere minime potuerit.
Adversariorum petulantiam summa constantia tulit at-
que pervicit ; symbolumque ejus hoc fuit, "Labor
omnia vincit." Anno 1552, cum in Cameracensi schola
frequentissimis auditoribus dialecticam suam auspica-
retur, inter strepitus, clamores, sibilos nihil commotus,
per intervalla clamorum, incredibili constantia perexit
et peroravit : qua ejus virtute consternati inimici, in
posterum minus ei molestise exhibuerunt. In Heidel-
bergensi etiam academia, principis authoritate ad pro-
fitendum adductus, consimiles asmulorum clamores in*
victo animo pertulit Adversus doctos aliquot homines
Goveanum, Gallandium, Perionium, Turnebum, Me-
lancthonum, pari silentio est usus. Vigiuti annis ab-
stemius fuit, donee sanitatis causa medici vino uti
suaserunt : vini enim fastidium ceperat ex quo infans
in cellam vinariam clam parentibus irrepens, se tarn
immodice ingurgitavit, ut mortuo similis humi reperi-
retur. Pro lectulo stramentis ad senectutem usque
usus est. Coelebs tota vita permansit. Praelei gym-
nasii labore (qui ipsi sine ullo publico stipendio erat
mandatus) contentus fuit. A discipulis suis oblata
munera, quamvis debita, tamen non accepit. Anno
1556, Ciceronianum edidit de optima juventutis insti-
tuendae ratione. Pronuntiationem Latinae linguae in
academia Parisiensi tunc temporis inquinatissimam,
corrigendi author cumprimis fuit, reclamantibus licet
Sorbonistis, pravarum omnium consuetudinum propug-
natoribus tam obstinatis, ut sacerdotem quendam no-
vatae pronuntiationis coram senatu Parisiensi insimula-
tum, quasi ob haeresin, ut aiebant, grammaticam,
amplissimis proventibus ecclesiasticis privandum con-
tenderent : et lite quidem superiores videbantur dis-
cessuri, nisi P. Ramus caeterique professores regii ad
curiam convolantes, judicii tam alieni insolentiam dis-
suasissent. Verum illius temporis tam crassa igno-
rantia fuit, ut libris editis, proditum sit, in ea academia
doctores extitisse, qui mordicus defenderent, " ego
amat" tam commodam syntaxin esse, quam "ego
amo;" ad eamque pertinaciam comprimendam, autho-
ritate publica opus fuisse. In mathematicis quid efFe-
cerit Ramus, Scholae Mathematicae aliaque ejus opera
testantur. Ea meditantem, belli civilis calamitas in-
terpellavit ; acceptis igitur a rege Uteris, ad regiam
Fontisbelaquei bibliothecam profectus, mathematicas
praelectiones ad initio plenius et uberius retractavit.
Turn in Italiam cogitabat, quo ipsum Bononia honori-
fice invitarat; vel saltern in Germaniam : sed viis om-
nibus terror mortis intentatus, rumor etiam Praelei sui
indignis modis direpti ac bibliothecae spoliatae, ad re-

918

PETRI RAMI VITA.

giam Vincennarum proprius urbem revocarunt. Sed et
alia vis etiam gravius urgebat, ut e Vincennis per invia
itinera profugiendum esset, et subinde variis in locis
delitescendum: in fuga tamen et latebris otium hospi-
tesque sui cupidissimos reperit ; in eoque otio Scholas
Physicas conscripsit, vel potius inchoavit. Erumpente
rursus bello civili, in optirnatum castra profugit: eo
tumultu post sex menses sedato, reversus, nihil in
bibliotheca praeter inania reperit scrinia ; mathematicas
tantiim commentationes Resnerus (qui Parisiis per-
raansit) direptoribus commodum eripuit. Impendente
jam tertium civili bello, impetravit a rege Carolo ad
invisendas exteras academias annuam dimissionem,
quasi legationem liberam. In extremis regni finibus,
vix militum quorundam manus, nisi prolato in medium
diplomate regio, effugisset. Ter dimissus, ter repeti-
tus, tandem velocitate summa eo pervenit, ubi sicariis
licentia nequaquam pareat. Adventus ejus in Germa-
niam bonorum ac doctorum omnium singulari humani-
tate et gratulatione exceptus est. Argentorati Joannes
Sturmius, ejus academise author simul et rector, pera-
mantereum accepit deindeacademiatoto adj unctis etiam
quibusdam ad ampliorem gratulationem comitibus etba-
ronibus, liberalissime tractavit : quo die, denique, nobi-
lissimae nuptiae in eo loco celebrabantur, in prytaneum
summus urbis magistratus, publicae gratulationis gratia
cum Sturmio eum adduxit. Bernam praeteriens, tantum
vidit, nee tamen sine consulis Stegeri honorifica libe-
ralitate, atque Halleri, Aretii, aliorumque doctissimo-
rum hominum arnica gratulatione discessit. Tiguri,
Henricus Bullengerus simulatque in urbem ingressus
est Ramus, gratulator primus affuit, coenamque ei
apparavit, eruditissimis convivarum, Josiae Simleri,
Rodolphi Gualteri, Lodovici Lavalteri sermonibus
longe gratissimam. Postridie cum ab eodem Bullin-
gero in aulam publicam deduceretur,miratus quid sibi
vellet in eum locum frequentissimus civium cuj usque
ordinis conventus, quaesivit ex eo, ecquae illic etiam,
ut Argentines, nobiles nuptiae celebrarentur. Cui
Bullingerus, tibi, inquit, nostra civitas nuptias illas
celebrat. Praebuit ei Heidelberga amicum Ursinum,

Olevitanum, hospitem etiam Immanuelem Tremellium,
fautorem denique ipsum Electorem Palatinum, qui
discedentem Ramum, aurea imagine sua donavit.
Inde Francofurtum pergens, a primariis aliquot civibus
honorifice est acceptus : deinde Noribergam ad prae-
stantissimos opifices et mechanicos aliosque viros doc-
tos et prassertim Joachimum Camerarium, profectus
est: hie jurisconsultorum collegio mandatum a senatu
est, ut P. Ramo convivium publico urbis nomine in-
struerent. Inde Augustam perexit ubi urbis consul
primarius eum liberalissime tractavit, adhibitis in con-
vivium eruditis variae doctrinae convivis, sed imprimis
Hieronimo Wolfio, et Tichone Bracheo, cum quo post
prandium in suburbanum consulis deductus, varios
sermones de studiis mathematicis habuit. Rumore
tandem restitutae pacis revocatus, Lausannam conten-
dit : hie a viris doctis exoratus, logicam aicpoamv dies
aliquot maximo concursu exhibuit. Geneva cum doc-
tissimis hominibus turn de caeteris liberalibus studiis,
turn de logicis collocutio illi assidua fuit, maxime cum
Francisco de Cretensi et Andrea Melvino, Scoto.
Cum aliis multis eruditissimis viris, in Italia Com-
mandino et Papio, in Anglia Dio et Acontio, in Ger-
mania Chytreo, aliisque permultis amicitiam per literas
jaxante coluerat. Nobiles et inclytae civitates eum
magnis et honorificis muneribus, et sexcentorum coro-
natorum oblato stipendio appetiverunt. Joannes elec-
tus rex Pannoni amplissimo stipendio Albae Juliae
regendam academiam illi obtulit. Cracoviam libera-
lissime, immo in Italiam mille ducatorum stipendio
Bononiam invitatus, patriam tamen deserere noluit :
itaque Carolus ix, petitum undique calumniis domi,
invidorumque morsibus, non solum praesenti ope sub-
levavit, sed honore auxit et amplificabit, eique vaca-
tionem a laboribus concessit. Tandem, anno 1572, in
ilia Parisiensi Christianorum ac civium internecione,
indignissime periit. Necis causam sunt qui in aemu-
los ejus conferant: plerique eandem quae ceteris ea
nocte trucidatis fuisse existimant. Legatum annuum
mathematico professori in Parisiensi academia lucu-
lentum testamento reliquit.

THE SECOND

DEFENCE OF THE PEOPLE OF ENGLAND,

AGAINST AN ANONYMOUS LIBEL

THE ROYAL BLOOD CRYING TO HEAVEN FOR VENGEANCE ON THE ENGLISH PARRICIDES.

TRANSLATED FROM THE LATIN,

BY ROBERT FELLOWES, A. M. OXON.

A grateful recollection of the divine goodness, is the
first of human obligations ; and extraordinary favours
demand more solemn and devout acknowledgments ;
with such acknowledgments I feel it my duty to begin
this work. First, because I was born at a time, when
the virtue of my fellow-citizens, far exceeding that of
their progenitors in greatness of soul and vigour of en-
terprize, having invoked heaven to witness the justice
of their cause, and been clearly governed by its direc-
tions, has succeeded in delivering the commonwealth
from the most grievous tyranny, and religion from the
most ignominious degradation. And next, because
when there suddenly arose many who, as is usual with
the vulgar, basely calumniated the most illustrious at-
chievcments, and when one eminent above the rest,
inflated with literary pride, and the zealous applauses
of his partizans, had in a scandalous publication, which
was particularly levelled against me, nefariously un-
dertaken to plead the cause of despotism, I who was
neither deemed unequal to so renowned an adversary,
nor to so great a subject, was particularly selected by
the deliverers of our country, and by the general suf-
frage of the public, openly to vindicate the rights of
the English nation, and consequently of liberty itself.
Lastly, because in a matter of so much moment, and
which excited such ardent expectations, I did not dis-
appoint the hopes nor the opinions of my fellow-
citizens ; while men of learning and eminence abroad
honoured me with unmingled approbation ; while I
obtained such a victory over my opponent, that not-
withstanding his unparalleled assurance, he was obliged
to quit the field with his courage broken and his repu-
tation lost; and for the three years which he lived af-
terwards, much as he menaced and furiously as he
raved, he gave me no further trouble, except that he pro-

cured the paltry aid of some despicable hirelings, and
suborned some of his silly and extravagant admirers, to
support him under the weight of the unexpected and
recent disgrace which he had experienced. This will
immediately appear. Such are the signal favours
which I ascribe to the divine beneficence, and which I
thought it right devoutly to commemorate, not only
that I might discharge a debt of gratitude, but par-
ticularly because they seem auspicious to the success
of my present undertaking. For who is there, who
does not identify the honour of his country with his
own ? And what can conduce more to the beauty or
glory of one's country, than the recovery, not only
of its civil but its religious liberty? And v/hat na-
tion or state ever obtained both, by more successful
or more valorous exertion ? For fortitude is seen re-
splendent, not only in the field of battle and amid the
clash of arms, but displays its energy under every diffi-
culty and against every assailant. Those Greeks and
Romans, who are the objects of our admiration, em-
ployed hardly any other virtue in the extirpation of
tyrants, than that love of liberty which made them
prompt in seizing the sword, and gave them strength
to use it. With facility they accomplished the un-
dertaking, amid the general shout of praise and
joy ; nor did they engage in the attempt so much,
as an enterprize of perilous and doubtful issue, as in a
contest the most glorious in which virtue could be sig-
nalized ; which' infallibly led to present recompence ;
which bound their brows with wreaths of laurel, and
consigned their memories to immortal fame. For as
yet, tyrants were not beheld with a superstitious reve-
rence ; as yet they were not regarded with tenderness
and complacency, as the vicegerents or deputies of
Christ, as they have suddenly professed to be ; as yet

920

Colophon

This archival text follows the Internet Archive OCR witness for The prose works of John Milton; with an introductory review (London: Westley and Davis, 1834). Internet Archive metadata identifies the creators as John Milton and Robert Fletcher, records the Library of Congress as sponsor and contributor, and states that the Library of Congress is unaware of any copyright restrictions for this item.

The Internet Archive scanning wrapper and surrounding index matter were not included in the reading body. OCR spacing was lightly normalized for the Good Work Library, while the source witness's line structure and wording were otherwise preserved.

This is an archival source-text witness, not a Good Works Translation.

Compiled and formatted for the Good Work Library by the New Tianmu Anglican Church, 2026.

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