Jinben Zhushu Jinian — annals by regnal year from the Yellow Emperor to the kings of Wei

The Bamboo Annals, Zhushu Jinian, is a chronicle of early Chinese history told strictly by regnal year, running from the legendary Yellow Emperor down to the kings of the state of Wei in the Warring States period. The text translated here is the received or modern-text (今本) recension, the version that has circulated since the Song and Ming dynasties, rather than the older fragments quoted piecemeal by early commentators. Its exact relationship to the bamboo-slip original is a question this translation does not try to settle.

It opens with the Annals of the Five Emperors — the Yellow Emperor, Zhi, Zhuanxu, Ku, Yao, and Shun — each introduced by a short account of miraculous birth and virtue before the year-by-year record begins, and continues through the Xia and Shang dynasties and the Western and Eastern Zhou down to the reigns of the Wei kings Hui, Xiang, Shenjing, and Yin. Entries are typically a line or two — a flood, an eclipse, a campaign, an enfeoffment, the death of a ruler — though some years carry longer set-piece narratives, among them the finding of the River Chart under Yao and the omens surrounding the rise of Kings Wen and Wu of Zhou.

The bamboo-slip text recovered from the Ji tomb in 281 CE, the find that first brought a Bamboo Annals into circulation, was itself lost in the centuries that followed; the received modern text translated here has been disputed since the philology of the Qing dynasty as a later reconstruction rather than a direct transmission of that find. This translation presents the received text as it stands and does not adjudicate that dispute.

Translated for the Good Works Library directly from the classical Chinese, which is printed in full below. Complete English translations of the Bamboo Annals already exist — James Legge, in the prolegomena to his Shoo King (1865), and David S. Nivison, in The Riddle of the Bamboo Annals (2009) — and this translation was made independently from the Chinese, did not consult them, and makes no claim of firstness.

Contents

• Annals of the Five Emperors (五帝紀)
• Annals of Xia (夏紀)
• Annals of Yin (殷紀)
• Annals of Zhou (周紀)
• Annals of Jin (晉紀)
• Annals of Wei (魏紀)

Translation

Annals of the Five Emperors (五帝紀)

The Yellow Emperor, Xuanyuan (黃帝軒轅氏)

His mother was called Fubao. She saw a great lightning-flash circling the pivot star of the Northern Dipper, its light shining over the open country; she was moved by it and conceived, and after twenty-five months she bore the emperor at Shouqiu. While still a small child he could speak. He had a dragon countenance and sage virtue; he called the hundred spirits to account, holding court over them and sending them on his errands. Yinglong, the Responding Dragon, attacked Chiyou (蚩尤); in the fighting there was the strength of four beasts — tiger, leopard, black bear, and brown bear. With the drought spirit Nüba he stopped the excessive rains. When all under Heaven had been settled, his sage virtue shone abroad and every auspicious sign arrived. A plant called quyi grew in his courtyard: when a flatterer entered the court the plant pointed at him, and so flatterers dared not come forward.

Year 1. The emperor took the throne and dwelt at Youxiong. He first instituted the ceremonial cap and robes.

Year 20. Auspicious clouds appeared. He ordered the names of his offices by the clouds.

There was the auspice of the auspicious clouds. A squared red vapor and a squared green vapor joined together; within the red were two stars and within the green one star, three stars in all, and all of them yellow. In clear bright weather they appeared at Sheti; they were called the Auspicious Star. The emperor, robed in yellow, kept a fast, sitting within his palace; and above Xuanhu on the waters of the Luo, phoenixes gathered. They ate no living insect and trod on no living grass. Some perched in the emperor's eastern park, some nested on the eaved tower, some cried in the courtyard; the males sang of themselves and the females danced of themselves. Unicorns were in the game park, and divine birds came in stately order. There was a great mole-cricket as large as a sheep, and a great earthworm like a rainbow. Because the vapor of earth prevailed for the emperor, he therefore reigned by the power of earth.

Year 50. In autumn, the seventh month, on the day gengshen, the phoenix bird came, and the emperor sacrificed at the Luo River.

On gengshen the sky was fogged for three days and three nights, and daylight was dark. The emperor asked Tianlao, Limu, and Rongcheng: "What do you gentlemen make of this?" Tianlao said: "Your servant has heard that when a state is at peace and its ruler loves the civil arts, the phoenix dwells in it; when a state is in disorder and its ruler loves the martial arts, the phoenix leaves it. Now the phoenix soars in the eastern outskirts and delights in it, and the note of its cry falls upon the pitch yi, which matches Heaven. Looking at Heaven by this: Heaven has a stern instruction to bestow upon the emperor, and the emperor must not transgress it." He summoned the scribe to divine by it, and the turtle shell scorched through. The scribe said: "Your servant cannot read it. Ask a sage about it." The emperor said: "I have already asked Tianlao, Limu, and Rongcheng." The scribe faced north, bowed twice, and said: "The turtle does not contradict sagely wisdom, and that is why it scorched." When the fog had lifted, the emperor traveled upon the waters of the Luo and saw a great fish. He killed the five sacrificial animals and made libation to it, and Heaven then rained heavily for seven days and seven nights; the fish floated away to the sea, and there he obtained the chart and the writing. The Dragon Chart came out of the He, the Turtle Writing came out of the Luo, in red markings and seal characters, and they were handed to Xuanyuan. He received the myriad spirits at the Bright Court, which is present-day Saimen at Gukou.

Year 59. The Pierced-Chest people (貫胸氏) came as guests; the Long-Shank people (長股氏) came as guests.

Year 77. Changyi was sent down to dwell at the Ruo River, and begot the emperor Qianhuang.

Year 100. The earth split open. The emperor ascended.

The death of an emperor or a king is always called "ascending." The Documents speaks of "the newly ascended king," meaning newly dead. The emperor reigned by the power of earth, and it was in answer to the splitting of the earth that he ascended. At the burial there was among his assembled ministers one Zuo Che who, stirred by the memory of the emperor's virtue, took his robes and cap, his armrest and his staff, and offered them sacrifice in a temple; and the feudal lords and grandees paid court there at the seasons of the year.

Emperor Zhi, Shaohao (帝摯少昊氏)

Yue's note: Emperor Zhi of the Shaohao line — his mother was called Nüjie. She saw a star like a rainbow flow down to the islet of Hua; afterward she met it in a dream, was moved in her mind, and bore Shaohao. When he mounted the imperial seat there was the auspice of the phoenix. Some say that his name was Qing, that he did not occupy the imperial seat but led the bird officers, dwelt in the west, and ordered the names of his offices by the birds.

Emperor Zhuanxu, Gaoyang (帝顓頊高陽氏)

His mother was called Nüshu. She saw the star Yaoguang pierce the moon like a rainbow, and was moved by it in the palace of the dark chamber; she bore Zhuanxu at the Ruo River. On his head he bore the marks of shield and dagger-axe, and he had sage virtue. At ten years of age he assisted the Shaohao line, and at twenty he mounted the imperial seat.

Year 1. The emperor took the throne and dwelt at Pu.

Year 13. The calendar and the astronomical images were first made.

Year 21. He composed the music Chengyun, "Bearing the Clouds."

Year 30. The emperor begot Bo Gun (伯鯀), and dwelt on the sunny side of Tianmu.

Year 78. The emperor ascended. Shuqi made rebellion, and the Marquis of Xin destroyed him.

Emperor Ku, Gaoxin (帝嚳高辛氏)

He was born with joined teeth and had sage virtue. He was first enfeoffed as Marquis of Xin, and in succession to the Gaoyang line he reigned over all under Heaven. He had the drummers beat the small drum and the great drum and strike the bells and chime-stones, and the phoenix beat its wings and danced.

Year 1. The emperor took the throne and dwelt at Bo.

Year 16. The emperor sent Zhong to lead an army and extinguish Youkuai.

Year 45. The emperor conferred a charge upon the Marquis of Tang.

Year 63. He ascended.

The emperor's son Zhi was set up, and after nine years he was deposed.

Emperor Yao, Taotang (帝堯陶唐氏)

His mother was called Qingdu. She was born in the wilds of Douwei, and a yellow cloud always covered her. When she had grown, she looked out over the Three Rivers, and a dragon always followed her. One morning a dragon came bearing a chart, and the essential words of its writing said: "You too shall receive Heaven's protection." His brows were of eight colors; he had a beard, and his hair was seven chi two cun long; his face was pointed below and full above, and beneath, his feet bore the mark of the lodge Yi. Then a dark wind closed in from all four sides and a red dragon moved her; she was with child fourteen months and bore Yao at Danling, whose form was as in the chart. When he had grown he was ten chi tall, had sage virtue, and was enfeoffed at Tang. He dreamed that he climbed up to Heaven. When the Gaoxin line declined, all under Heaven turned to him.

Year 1, bingzi. The emperor took the throne and dwelt at Ji. He charged Xi and He with the calendar and the astronomical images.

Year 5. He first made the tour of inspection to the Four Peaks.

Year 7. There was a unicorn.

Year 12. He first drilled troops.

Year 16. The Qusou people came as guests.

Year 19. He charged Gonggong with the ordering of the He.

Year 29. In spring the Jiaoyao people came to court and offered as tribute the sinking feathers.

Year 42. The Auspicious Star came out in the lodge Yi.

Year 50. The emperor traveled to Mount Shou, riding in a plain carriage drawn by a black colt.

Year 53. The emperor sacrificed at the Luo.

Year 58. The emperor had Houji banish the emperor's son Zhu to the Dan River.

Year 61. He charged Gun, Earl of Chong, with the ordering of the He.

Year 69. He dismissed Gun, Earl of Chong.

Year 70. In spring, the first month, the emperor had the Four Peaks confer a charge upon Shun of Yu.

In the seventieth year of the emperor's reign the Auspicious Star came out in Yi, phoenixes were in the courtyard, the vermilion plant grew, the fine grain came into ear, sweet dew moistened the ground, the wine-spring flowed, sun and moon were like joined discs of jade, and the five planets like a string of pearls. In the kitchen flesh grew of itself, thin as a fan; when it was shaken a wind arose, and food stayed cold and did not spoil. It was called "fan-meat." There was also a podded plant that grew beside the steps: on the first day of the moon it began to put out one pod, and by mid-month it had put out fifteen pods; from the sixteenth day onward it dropped one pod a day, and by the last day of the moon they were gone. In a short month one pod withered without falling. It was called the mingjia, and also the calendar pod. When the flood had been quieted, the emperor credited the merit to Shun and meant to yield all under Heaven to him. So he purified himself, fasted, and prepared an altar-ground at the He and the Luo; he chose a good day and led Shun and the rest up Mount Shou and along the islets of the river. Five old men were wandering there, being the essences of the five planets. They said to one another: "The River Chart is about to come and tell the emperor his term. He who knows us is Double-Pupil Huangyao." The five old men then flew up as shooting stars and entered the lodge Mao. In the second month, on xinchou, at first light, the rites were made complete; and when the sun had declined, a glory came out of the river, auspicious vapors filled the four quarters, white clouds rose, and a whirling wind shook. Then there was a dragon-horse with a plaque in its mouth, red markings upon green; it climbed along the altar, spat out the Plaque Chart, and went away. The plaque was like a turtle, its back nine chi broad. The chart had a cover of white jade and a case of red jade, sealed with yellow gold and bound with green cord. The writing on the cover said: "Opened, it is bestowed upon Emperor Shun." This said that Yu and Xia should receive the mandate of Heaven. The emperor then copied out its words and stored them in the Eastern Gallery. Two years afterward, in the second month on the middle xin day, he led his assembled ministers eastward and sank a jade disc in the Luo. When the rites were finished he withdrew and waited, and as the sun sank low a red light arose and a great dark turtle came out bearing a writing, its back-plate marked in red forming characters, and it halted at the altar. Its writing said that he should yield the throne to Shun; and so he yielded to Shun.

Year 71. The emperor commanded his two daughters to be wed to Shun.

Year 73. In spring, the first month, Shun received the final charge in the temple of the Accomplished Ancestor.

Year 74. Shun of Yu first made the tour of inspection to the Four Peaks.

Year 75. Yu, Minister of Works, ordered the He.

Year 76. The Minister of Works attacked the Rong of Cao and Wei and overcame them.

Year 86. The Minister of Works came to audience, using a dark jade tablet as his gift of introduction.

Year 87. The twelve provinces were first established.

Year 89. A traveling palace was built at Tao.

Year 90. The emperor went and dwelt at Tao.

Year 97. The Minister of Works toured the twelve provinces.

Year 100. The emperor ascended at Tao.

The emperor's son Danzhu withdrew from Shun to Fangling. Shun offered to yield to him, but could not prevail. Zhu was then enfeoffed at Fang and became a guest of Yu. In the third year Shun took the seat of the Son of Heaven.

Emperor Shun, Youyu (帝舜有虞氏)

His mother was called Wodeng. She saw a great rainbow, was moved in her mind, and bore Shun at Yaoxu. His eyes had double pupils, and therefore he was named Chonghua, "Double Brilliance." He had a dragon countenance and a large mouth, a dark complexion, and stood six chi one cun tall. Shun's father and mother hated him. They sent him to plaster the granary and set fire to it from below; Shun put on the bird-work garment and flew away. They sent him also to dredge a well and filled it in from above with stones; Shun put on the dragon-work garment and came out at the side. He ploughed at Li. He dreamed that his eyebrows grew as long as his hair, and thereupon he was raised to office.

Year 1, jiwei. The emperor took the throne and dwelt at Ji. He composed the music Great Shao.

When he took the imperial seat, the calendar pod grew beside the steps and phoenixes nested in the courtyard; the stones were struck and tapped and the Nine Shao were sung; the hundred beasts led one another in the dance; the Auspicious Star came out in the lodge Fang, and the earth put forth the horse Chenghuang.

Year 3. He charged Gaoyao (咎陶) with making the penal code.

Year 9. The Queen Mother of the West came to court.

When the Queen Mother of the West came to court, she presented a white ring and a slit ring of jade.

Year 14. The auspicious clouds appeared, and he charged Yu to take over the affairs of Yu.

In the fourteenth year of his reign, while the bells, chime-stones, mouth-organs, and pipes were still sounding and had not yet stopped, Heaven sent a great thunderstorm; a violent wind lifted roofs and tore up trees, drumsticks and drums were scattered on the ground, the bells and chimes broke their ranks, the dancers stumbled and fell prostrate, and the master of music ran off wildly. Shun then held the jade sphere and the crossbar, laughed, and said: "How clear it is! All under Heaven is not the possession of one man — and this too is shown in the bells and stones, the mouth-organs and the pipes." He then recommended Yu to Heaven and made him carry out the business of the Son of Heaven. Thereupon the harmonious vapor answered everywhere, and the auspicious cloud arose — like smoke and not smoke, like cloud and not cloud, dense and thronging, drifting and coiling — and the hundred officers sang together in harmony "The Auspicious Cloud." The emperor led the singing and said:

Bright is the auspicious cloud,
twisting and spreading wide;
the sun and the moon in their glory,
dawn upon dawn again.

All the ministers came forward, bowed their heads to the ground, and said:

Bright, bright is high Heaven,
brilliant the ranks of the stars.
The glory of the sun and moon
is made great in one man.

Then the emperor sang again:

Sun and moon have their constancy,
the stars and the planets their courses.
The four seasons follow the rule,
the myriad families are truly sincere.
In my ordering of the music
I match the spirits of Heaven.
Passing it to the sage and the worthy,
there is none who does not hear.
Loud, loud they drum it,
high, high they dance it.
My essence and flower are spent:
I lift my skirts and go.

Thereupon the eight winds moved freely through their courses, the auspicious clouds gathered thick, the coiled dragon stirred swiftly in its lair, the flood-dragons and fishes leapt in their deeps, and the tortoises and turtles all came out of their holes: they left Yu and served Xia. Shun then set up an altar at the He, following Yao's precedent. When the sun sank low the glory and the auspicious vapors came, and a yellow dragon bearing a chart, thirty-two chi long and nine chi broad, came out beside the altar, red markings inlaid upon green; its writing said that he should yield the throne to Yu.

Year 15. The emperor commanded the Lord of Xia to perform a sacrifice at Taishi.

Year 17. In spring, the second month, on entering the school the wan dance was used for the first time.

Year 25. The Xishen people came to court and offered bows and arrows in tribute.

Year 29. The emperor commanded that his son Yijun be enfeoffed at Shang.

Year 30. Houyu was buried at the Wei.

Year 32. The emperor commanded the Lord of Xia to take general command of the army. He then made his progress among the mountains of the marches.

Year 33. In spring, the first month, the Lord of Xia received his charge in the temple of the Divine Ancestor. The nine provinces were then restored.

Year 35. The emperor commanded the Lord of Xia to campaign against Youmiao, and the Youmiao came to court.

Year 42. The Xuandu people came to court and offered precious jade in tribute.

Year 47. In winter frost fell, but it did not kill the grass and the trees.

Year 49. The emperor dwelt at Mingtiao.

Year 50. The emperor ascended.

Yijun was enfeoffed at Shang; he is the one called Shangjun. Houyu is Ehuang. At Mingtiao there is Mount Cangwu; when the emperor died he was buried there, in what is now Haizhou.

Annals of Xia (夏紀)

Emperor Yu, Lord of Xia (帝禹夏后氏)

His mother was called Xiuji. Going out on a journey, she saw a shooting star pierce the lodge Mao; she met it in a dream and was moved in her mind. Afterward she swallowed a divine pearl, and Xiuji's back split open, and so Yu was born at Shiniu. He had a tiger's nose and a great mouth, and both ears were pierced threefold; on his head he bore the mark of hook and bell, on his breast the jade dipper, and on his feet a written pattern. For this he was named Wenming. When grown he had sage virtue, and stood nine chi nine cun tall. He dreamed that he washed himself in the He and took its water to drink. There was also the auspice of the white fox with nine tails. In the time of Yao, Shun raised him up. Yu was looking out over the He when there appeared a tall man with a white face and the body of a fish, who came out and said: "I am the essence of the River." He called to Yu, "Wenming, order the waters," and when he had spoken he handed Yu the River Chart, told him the business of ordering the waters, and withdrew into the deep. When Yu had finished ordering the waters, Heaven bestowed upon him the dark jade tablet, to announce the completion of the work. As the way of Xia was about to rise, the grass and trees grew lush, a green dragon halted in the outskirts, and the spirit Zhurong descended upon Mount Chong. He then received the throne yielded to him by Shun and took the seat of the Son of Heaven. The Luo put forth the Turtle Writing, and this is the Great Plan.

Year 1. In renzi the emperor took the throne and dwelt at Ji. He promulgated the Xia calendar among the states.

Year 2. Gaoyao passed away.

Year 5. He made a tour of inspection and met the feudal lords at Mount Tu.

On the southern tour of inspection, in crossing the Jiang, two yellow dragons took the boat upon their backs in midstream, and all the boatmen were afraid. Yu laughed and said: "I have received my charge from Heaven and bend my strength to nourish the people. To live is my nature; to die is my allotment. Why should I be troubled about dragons?" At this the dragons trailed their tails and went away.

Year 8. In spring he met the feudal lords at Kuaiji and put Fangfeng to death. In summer, the sixth month, metal rained down upon the city of Xia. In autumn, the eighth month, the emperor ascended at Kuaiji.

Yu was on the throne forty-five years.

Qi (啟)

Year 1. In guihai the emperor took the throne at the city of Xia. He gave a great feast to the feudal lords at the Jun Terrace.

The feudal lords followed the emperor back to the capital at Ji. He gave a great feast to the feudal lords at the Xuan Terrace.

Year 2. Bo Yi (伯益), Marquis of Fei, went out to his own state. The king led an army and attacked Youhu; there was a great battle at Gan.

Year 6. Bo Yi passed away, and sacrifice was made to him.

Year 8. The emperor sent Meng Tu to Ba to preside over litigation.

Year 10. The emperor made a tour of inspection and had the Nine Shao danced in the wilds of Damu.

Year 11. The king's youngest son Wu Guan was banished to Xihe.

Year 15. Wu Guan rebelled with Xihe. Shou, Earl of Peng, led an army and campaigned against Xihe, and Wu Guan came and submitted.

Year 16. He ascended.

Taikang (太康)

Year 1. In guiwei the emperor took the throne and dwelt at Zhenxun. He hunted beyond the Luo. Yi (羿) entered and occupied Zhenxun.

Year 4. He ascended.

Zhongkang (仲康)

Year 1. In jichou the emperor took the throne and dwelt at Zhenxun.

Year 5. In autumn, the ninth month, on the new moon of gengxu, the sun was eclipsed. He charged the Marquis of Yin to lead an army and campaign against Xi and He.

Year 6. He conferred a charge upon Kunwu, making him chief of the lords.

Year 7. He ascended.

The heir Xiang went out to dwell at Shangqiu, relying upon the Marquis of Pi.

Xiang (相)

Year 1. In wuxu the emperor took the throne and dwelt at Shang. He campaigned against the Huai Yi.

Year 2. He campaigned against the Feng Yi and the Huang Yi.

Year 7. The Yu Yi came as guests.

Year 8. Han Zhuo killed Yi and settled his son Jiao at Guo.

Year 9. Xiang dwelt at Zhenguan.

Year 15. Xiangtu, Marquis of Shang, made the team of four horses. He then moved to Shangqiu.

Year 20. Han Zhuo extinguished Ge.

Year 26. Han Zhuo sent his son to lead an army and extinguish Zhenguan.

Year 27. Jiao attacked Zhenxun; there was a great battle on the Wei, and he overturned their boats and extinguished them.

Year 28. Han Zhuo had his son Jiao assassinate the emperor, and the queen Min returned to Youreng.

Bo Mi fled to Ge.

The ruins of Zhenguan are the place called Diqiu. The queen Min was then with child; she escaped out through a hole in the wall and returned to Youreng.

The Xia heir Shaokang was born.

Shaokang fled from Youreng to Yu.

Bo Mi led the troops of Zhenxun and Zhenguan out from Ge to attack Zhuo. The heir Shaokang sent Ru Ai to attack Guo and kill Jiao. His eldest son Zhu led an army and extinguished Ge. Bo Mi killed Han Zhuo. Shaokang returned from Lun to the city of Xia.

In the following year the queen Min gave birth to Shaokang. When he had grown he became master of herds for Reng; he hated Jiao and was able to guard against him. Jiao sent Jiao (椒) to search him out, and as the man was about to reach Reng, Shaokang fled to Youyu and became its master of the kitchen, and so removed the danger. Yu Si thereupon gave him two women of the Yao clan to wife and gave him the town of Lun. He had one cheng of fields and one brigade of men; he was able to spread his virtue abroad and to set his plans in motion, so gathering the host of Xia and comforting them in their offices. Bo Mi, a surviving minister of Xia, gathered the two Zhen from the Youge people and attacked Zhuo. Zhuo relied upon Jiao, and both of them gave themselves to ease and pleasure, daily forgetting their wickedness and making no preparation. Shaokang sent Ru Ai to spy upon Jiao. Earlier, Zhuo had married a woman of the Chunhu clan; he had a son who died young, whose wife was called Nüqi and who lived as a widow. Jiao was strong and violent; he went to her door, pretending that he had something to ask for. Nüqi sewed a skirt for him, and they lodged together in one house. In the night Ru Ai sent men to fall upon them and cut off the head — but it was Nüqi's. Jiao had great strength and was also a good runner. So Ai went out hunting, loosed the dogs to chase the game, and by setting them on made Jiao stumble and fall; then he beheaded Jiao and returned with the head to Shaokang. Thereupon the host of Xia destroyed Zhuo and escorted Shaokang back to the city of Xia. When the feudal lords first heard of it they set him up as Son of Heaven; the sacrifices of Xia were matched with Heaven, and nothing of the old order was lost.

Shaokang (少康)

Year 1. In bingwu the emperor took the throne; the feudal lords came to court, and he received the Duke of Yu as an honored guest.

Year 2. The Fang Yi came as guests.

Year 3. The office of the fields, that of Ji, was restored.

Buzhu, a descendant of Houji, had lost the office; at this point it was restored.

Year 11. He sent Ming, Marquis of Shang, to order the He.

Year 18. He moved to Yuan.

Year 21. He ascended.

Zhu (杼)

Year 1. In jisi the emperor took the throne and dwelt at Yuan.

Year 5. He moved from Yuan to Laoqiu.

Year 8. He campaigned as far as the Eastern Sea and Sanshou, and got a fox with nine tails.

Year 13. Ming, Marquis of Shang, died in the He.

Year 17. He ascended.

Zhu is also written Emperor Zhu (宁), and is also called Bozhu. Zhu was one who could follow Yu; therefore the lords of Xia made requital sacrifice to him.

Fen (芬)

Year 1. In wuzi the emperor took the throne.

Year 3. The Nine Yi came to serve.

Year 16. Yong, Earl of Luo, fought with Feng Yi, Earl of the He.

Year 33. A son of the Kunwu line was enfeoffed at Yousu.

Year 36. The circular prison was made.

Year 44. He ascended.

Fen is also called Fenfa.

Mang (芒)

Year 1. In renshen the emperor took the throne, and with a dark jade tablet made offering as a guest to the He.

Year 13. He hunted eastward at the sea and took a great fish.

Year 33. The Marquis of Shang moved to Yin.

Year 58. He ascended.

Mang is also called Emperor Huang.

Xie (泄)

Year 1. In xinwei the emperor took the throne.

Year 12. Zihai, Marquis of Yin, was a guest at Youyi, and Youyi killed him and cast him out.

Year 16. Wei, Marquis of Yin, with the troops of the Earl of the He, attacked Youyi and killed its ruler Mianchen.

Zihai, Marquis of Yin, was a guest at Youyi and behaved licentiously there. Mianchen, the ruler of Youyi, killed him and cast him out. Therefore Shangjia Wei of Yin borrowed troops from the Earl of the He to attack Youyi; he extinguished it, and then killed its ruler Mianchen. In the middle generations the house had declined, and Shangjia Wei raised it up again; therefore the people of Shang made requital sacrifice to him.

Year 21. He gave charges to the Quan Yi, the White Yi, the Dark Yi, the Feng Yi, the Red Yi, and the Yellow Yi.

Year 25. He ascended.

Bujiang (不降)

Year 1. In jihai the emperor took the throne.

Year 6. He attacked Jiuyuan.

Year 35. Yin extinguished Pi.

Year 59. He yielded the throne to his younger brother Jiong.

Jiong (扃)

Year 1. In wuxu the emperor took the throne.

Year 10. The emperor Bujiang ascended.

Year 18. He ascended.

Jin (廑)

He is also named Yinjia.

Year 1. In jiwei the emperor took the throne and dwelt at Xihe.

Year 4. The Western Airs were composed. The Kunwu line moved to Xu.

Year 8. There were baleful portents in the sky and ten suns came out together. In that year he ascended.

Kongjia (孔甲)

Year 1. In yisi the emperor took the throne and dwelt at Xihe. He put down the Shiwei line and had Liu Lei rear dragons.

Year 3. The king hunted at Mount Fu.

Year 5. The Eastern Airs were composed.

Year 7. Liu Lei moved to Luyang.

The king loved to serve ghosts and spirits and gave himself without restraint to license and disorder; the feudal lords were changed by his example, and the government of Xia began to decline. He was hunting at Dongyang when at Mount Fu a great wind came from the sky and the day went dark and blind. Kongjia lost his way and entered a commoner's house where the mistress had just given birth. Someone said: "The sovereign has come, and the child sees a good day; this child will surely be greatly blessed." Another said: "He will not be equal to it; this child will surely meet with calamity." Kongjia heard them and said: "Let him be the son of me, the One Man; then who shall bring calamity upon him?" So he took the child and returned with him. When the boy had grown he was maimed by an axe, and thereupon the song "The Broken Axe" was made, and this is the Eastern Airs. Of the dragons that Liu Lei reared, one female died; he secretly minced it and fed it to the Lord of Xia. The Lord of Xia relished it, and afterward sent to ask for more; Liu Lei was afraid and moved to Luyang, and his descendants became the Fan clan.

Year 9. He ascended. The Marquis of Yin returned to Shangqiu.

Hao (昊)

Hao is also written Gao.

Year 1. In gengchen the emperor took the throne. He restored the Shiwei line to its state.

Year 3. He ascended.

Fa (發)

He is also named Houjing; some say Fahui.

Year 1. In yiyou the emperor took the throne. The feudal lords came as guests to the king's gate; twice the wardens of the walls met at Shangchi, and the Yi peoples came in and danced.

Year 7. He ascended. Mount Tai quaked.

Gui (癸)

He is also named Jie.

Year 1. In renchen the emperor took the throne and dwelt at Zhenxun.

Year 3. The Leaning Palace was built and the Rong Terrace was destroyed. The Quan Yi entered Qi and rebelled.

Year 6. The Qizhong Rong came as guests.

Year 10. The five planets went out of their courses; in the middle of the night stars fell like rain. There was an earthquake. The Yi and the Luo ran dry.

Year 11. He met the feudal lords at Reng. The Youmin fled home, and he then extinguished Youmin.

Year 13. He moved to Henan. The hand-drawn carriage was first made.

Year 14. Bian led an army and attacked Mount Min.

Gui ordered Bian to attack the people of the mountains, and the people of the mountains gave two women to Jie, called Wan and Yan. The sovereign loved the two of them, but the women bore no children, and he carved their names upon the jades Tiao and Hua — Tiao is Wan and Hua is Yan. He cast off his principal consort at the Luo; she was called Moxi, and in the Leaning Palace he adorned a jasper terrace and settled her there.

Year 15. Lü, Marquis of Shang, moved to Bo.

Year 17. Shang sent Yi Yin (伊尹) to come to court.

Year 20. Yi Yin returned to Shang, together with Ru Jiu and Ru Fang; they met at the North Gate.

Year 21. The army of Shang campaigned against Youluo and overcame it. It then campaigned against Jing, and Jing submitted.

Year 22. Lü, Marquis of Shang, came to court, and the order was given to imprison Lü in the Xia Tower.

Year 23. Lü, Marquis of Shang, was released, and the feudal lords thereupon became guests of Shang.

Year 26. Shang extinguished Wen.

Year 28. The Kunwu line attacked Shang. Shang met the feudal lords at Jingbo. It then campaigned against Wei; the army of Shang took Wei, and then campaigned against Gu. The Grand Scribe Zhonggu fled to Shang.

Year 29. The army of Shang took Gu. Three suns came out together. Bo Chang of Fei fled to Shang. In winter, the tenth month, mountains were cut through and hills pierced, to open a way to the He.

Year 30. Mount Ju collapsed. The army of Shang campaigned against Kunwu. In winter there was a fire at Lingsui.

Year 31. Shang marched from Er against the city of Xia and overcame Kunwu. In a great thunderstorm they fought at Mingtiao. The army of Xia was utterly defeated, and Jie fled to Sanzong; the army of Shang campaigned against Sanzong. They fought at Cheng. They captured Jie at the Jiao Gate and banished him to Nanchao.

From Yu down to Jie were seventeen generations; counting the years both with a king and without a king, they used four hundred and seventy-one years.

Annals of Yin (殷紀)

Tang (湯)

His name was Lü. Tang had seven names and made nine campaigns. When he had banished Jie to Nanchao and returned, the feudal lords who came to court through eight interpretings numbered one thousand eight hundred states, and the Qigong people arrived in their carriages. Together they honored Tianyi Lü as Son of Heaven; he declined three times, and then took the seat of the Son of Heaven. Earlier, in the age of the Gaoxin line, there was a consort called Jiandi. On the day of the spring equinox, when the dark bird arrives, she followed the emperor in the suburban sacrifice to the matchmaker spirit, and bathed with her younger sister in the waters of Xuanqiu. A dark bird came holding an egg in its beak and dropped it; it was of five colors and very fine, and the two women vied to take it and covered it with a jade basket. Jiandi got it first and swallowed it, and so conceived; her breast split open and she bore Xie. Grown, he was Yao's Minister of Education; he accomplished merit among the people and received enfeoffment at Shang. Thirteen generations later Zhugui was born. Zhugui's consort was called Fudu. She saw a white vapor pierce the moon, was moved in her mind, and on a yi day bore Tang, who was styled Tianyi. He was full below and pointed above, fair-skinned and bearded, bent in body and loud of voice, nine chi tall, with four elbows to his arms: this was Cheng Tang. Tang was at Bo, and was able to cultivate his virtue. Yi Zhi, about to answer Tang's summons, dreamed that he rode in a boat past the sun and the moon. Tang then went east to the Luo, looked upon the altar of Emperor Yao, sank a jade disc and stood back; a pair of yellow fish leapt up, and a black bird followed them and settled on the altar, where it turned into black jade. There was also a black turtle, and with it red markings forming characters, saying that Jie of Xia was without the Way and that Cheng Tang should replace him. The spirit Taowu appeared on Mount Pi. A spirit leading a white wolf that held a hook in its mouth entered the court of Shang. As the power of metal was about to flourish, silver overflowed from the mountains. When Tang was about to carry out Heaven's mandate and banish Jie, he dreamed that he reached the sky and licked it, and so he gained all under Heaven. The people of Shang afterward changed the name of the realm to Yin.

Year 18. In guihai the king took the throne and dwelt at Bo. He first roofed over the altar of Xia.

Year 19. There was a great drought. The Di and the Qiang came as guests.

Year 20. There was a great drought. Jie of Xia died at Mount Ting. Stringed music, singing, and dancing were forbidden.

Year 21. There was a great drought. Metal coin was cast.

Year 22. There was a great drought.

Year 23. There was a great drought.

Year 24. There was a great drought. The king prayed in the Mulberry Grove, and it rained.

Year 25. The music Great Huo was composed.

He first made a tour of inspection and fixed the ordinance of tribute offerings.

Year 27. The nine cauldrons were moved to the city of Shang.

Year 29. He ascended.

Waibing (外丙)

His name was Sheng.

Year 1. In yihai the king took the throne and dwelt at Bo. He appointed Yi Yin as high minister.

Year 2. He ascended.

Zhongren (仲壬)

His name was Yong.

Year 1. In dingchou the king took the throne and dwelt at Bo, and appointed Yi Yin as high minister.

Year 4. He ascended.

Taijia (太甲)

His name was Zhi.

Year 1. In xinsi the king took the throne and dwelt at Bo, and appointed Yi Yin as high minister.

Yi Yin banished Taijia to Tong and then set himself up. (Yue's note: that Yi Yin set himself up is probably an error, taking his regency for the thing itself.)

Year 7. The king came out in secret from Tong and killed Yi Yin. Heaven sent a great fog for three days. He then set up Yi Yin's sons Yi Zhi and Yi Fen, and ordered that their father's fields and dwelling be restored to them and divided equally between them. (Yue's note: this passage is unlike what comes before and after it, and was probably added by a later age.)

Year 10. A great sacrificial feast was held in the Grand Temple. Sacrifice was first made to the fangming.

Year 12. He ascended.

Woding (沃丁)

His name was Xuan.

Year 1. In guisi the king took the throne and dwelt at Bo. He appointed Jiu Dan as high minister.

Year 8. Sacrifice was made to Baoheng.

Year 19. He ascended.

Xiaogeng (小庚)

His name was Bian.

Year 1. In renzi the king took the throne and dwelt at Bo.

Year 5. He ascended.

Xiaojia (小甲)

His name was Gao.

Year 1. In dingsi the king took the throne and dwelt at Bo.

Year 17. He ascended.

Yongji (雍己)

His name was Zhou.

Year 1. In jiaxu the king took the throne and dwelt at Bo.

Year 12. He ascended.

Taiwu (太戊)

His name was Mi.

Year 1. In bingxu the king took the throne and dwelt at Bo.

He appointed Yi Zhi and Chen Hu as high ministers.

Year 7. A mulberry and a paper-mulberry grew up in the court.

Year 11. He charged Wu Xian (巫咸) to pray to the mountains and rivers.

Year 26. The Western Rong came as guests, and the king sent Wang Meng on a diplomatic visit to the Western Rong.

Year 31. He appointed Zhongyan, Marquis of Fei, as master of chariots.

Year 35. The yin chariot was made.

Year 46. There was a great harvest year.

Year 58. A wall was built at Pugu.

Year 61. The Nine Yi of the east came as guests.

Year 75. He ascended.

Taiwu met with the portent of the mulberry, and he humbled himself and cultivated his conduct. Three years afterward the distant regions admired his bright virtue, and those who came through repeated interpreting numbered seventy-six states. The way of Shang rose again, and in the temple he was styled Zhongzong.

Zhongding (仲丁)

His name was Zhuang.

Year 1. In xinchou the king took the throne and moved from Bo to Xiao, which is on the He.

Year 6. He campaigned against the Lan Yi.

Year 9. He ascended.

Wairen (外壬)

His name was Fa.

Year 1. In gengxu the king took the throne and dwelt at Xiao. The people of Pi and the people of Shen (姺) rebelled.

Year 10. He ascended.

Hedanjia (河亶甲)

His name was Zheng.

Year 1. In gengshen the king took the throne and moved from Xiao to Xiang.

Year 3. The Earl of Peng overcame Pi.

Year 4. He campaigned against the Lan Yi.

Year 5. The people of Shen (侁) entered Banfang. The Earl of Peng and the Earl of Wei attacked Banfang, and the people of Shen came as guests.

Year 9. He ascended.

Zuyi (祖乙)

His name was Teng.

Year 1. In jisi the king took the throne and moved from Xiang to Geng. He gave charges to the Earl of Peng and the Earl of Wei.

Year 2. There was a collapse at Geng. He moved from Geng to Bi.

Year 3. He appointed Wu Xian (巫賢) as high minister.

Year 8. A wall was built at Bi.

Year 15. He gave a charge to Gaoyu, Marquis of Bin.

Year 19. He ascended.

In the age of Zuyi the way of Shang rose again, and in the temple he was styled Zhongzong.

Zuxin (祖辛)

His name was Dan.

Year 1. In wuzi the king took the throne and dwelt at Bi.

Year 14. He ascended.

Kaijia (開甲)

His name was Yu.

Year 1. In renyin the king took the throne and dwelt at Bi.

Year 5. He ascended.

Zuding (祖丁)

His name was Xin.

Year 1. In dingwei the king took the throne and dwelt at Bi.

Year 9. He ascended.

Nangeng (南庚)

His name was Geng.

Year 1. In bingchen the king took the throne and dwelt at Bi.

Year 3. He moved to Yan.

Year 6. He ascended.

Yangjia (陽甲)

He is also named Hejia. His name was He.

Year 1. In renxu the king took the throne and dwelt at Yan.

Year 3. He campaigned westward against the Rong of Danshan.

Year 4. He ascended.

Pangeng (盤庚)

His name was Xun.

Year 1. In bingyin the king took the throne and dwelt at Yan.

Year 7. The Marquis of Ying came to court.

Year 14. He moved from Yan to Beimeng, which was called Yin.

Year 15. He laid out the city of Yin.

Year 19. He gave a charge to Yayu, Marquis of Bin.

Year 28. He ascended.

Xiaoxin (小辛)

His name was Song.

Year 1. In jiawu the king took the throne and dwelt at Yin.

Year 3. He ascended.

Xiaoyi (小乙)

His name was Lian.

Year 1. In dingyou the king took the throne and dwelt at Yin.

Year 6. He ordered the heir Wuding to dwell at the He and to study under Gan Pan.

Year 10. He ascended.

Wuding (武丁)

His name was Zhao.

Year 1. In dingwei the king took the throne and dwelt at Yin. He appointed Gan Pan as high minister. (The Documents, "Prince Shi": "In the time of Wuding there was one such as Gan Pan.")

Year 3. He sought Fu Yue by a dream and found him.

Year 6. He appointed Fu Yue as high minister. He visited the school and gave the feast to the aged.

Year 12. Requital sacrifice was made to Shangjia Wei.

Year 25. The king's son Xiaoji died in the wilds.

Year 29. At the rong sacrifice in the Grand Temple a pheasant came.

Year 32. He attacked the Guifang and encamped at Jing.

Year 34. The king's army overcame the Guifang. The Di and the Qiang came as guests.

Year 43. The king's army extinguished Dapeng.

Year 50. He campaigned against Shiwei and overcame it.

Year 59. He ascended.

The king was the great benevolence of Yin. He strove to practice the kingly way and did not dare to be idle in ease; he brought the state of Yin into good order, and from small to great there was never a time of resentment. At this time the territory did not pass Jiang and Huang in the east, the Di and the Qiang in the west, the Man of Jing in the south, or Shuofang in the north, and the sound of hymns arose. The rites, which had fallen away, rose again; in the temple he was styled Gaozong.

Zugeng (祖庚)

His name was Yao.

Year 1. In bingwu the king took the throne and dwelt at Yin, and composed The Instructions of Gaozong.

Year 11. He ascended.

Zujia (祖甲)

His name was Zai.

Year 1. In dingsi the king took the throne and dwelt at Yin.

Year 12. He campaigned against the Western Rong. In winter the king returned from the Western Rong.

Year 13. The Western Rong came as guests. He gave a charge to Zugan, Marquis of Bin.

Year 24. The penal code of Tang was made anew.

Year 27. He gave charges to the king's sons Xiao and Liang.

Year 33. He ascended.

The king had long been out in the common fields, and when he came to the throne he knew what the lowly rely upon; he was able to protect and favor the multitude and did not slight the widower and the widow. But toward the end of his reign he multiplied punishments and so estranged those at a distance, and the way of Yin declined again.

Linxin (廩辛)

His name was Xian.

Year 1. In gengyin the king took the throne and dwelt at Yin.

Year 4. He ascended.

Gengding (庚丁)

His name was Xiao.

Year 1. In jiawu the king took the throne and dwelt at Yin.

Year 8. He ascended.

Wuyi (武乙)

His name was Qu.

Year 1. In renyin the king took the throne and dwelt at Yin. Bin moved to Qizhou.

Year 3. He moved from Yin to Hebei. He gave a charge to Danfu, Duke of Zhou, bestowing upon him the city of Qi.

Year 15. He moved from Hebei to Mei.

Year 21. Danfu, Duke of Zhou, passed away.

Year 24. The army of Zhou attacked Cheng, fought at Bi, and overcame it.

Year 30. The army of Zhou attacked Yiqu, and captured its ruler and returned with him.

Year 34. Jili, Duke of Zhou, came to court, and the king bestowed upon him thirty li of land, ten pairs of jade, and ten horses.

Year 35. Jili, Duke of Zhou, attacked the Gui Rong of Xiluo. The king was hunting between the He and the Wei when a violent thunderclap struck him dead.

Wending (文丁)

His name was Tuo.

Year 1. In dingchou the king took the throne and dwelt at Yin.

Year 2. Jili, Duke of Zhou, attacked the Rong of Yanjing and was utterly defeated.

Year 3. The Huan River ran dry three times in one day.

Year 4. Jili, Duke of Zhou, attacked the Rong of Yuwu and overcame them, and was appointed master of the herds.

Year 5. Zhou built the city of Cheng.

Year 7. Jili, Duke of Zhou, attacked the Rong of Shihu and overcame them.

Year 11. Jili, Duke of Zhou, attacked the Rong of Yitu, captured three of their grandees, and came to present the spoils of victory. The king killed Jili.

The king commended Jili's merit and bestowed upon him the jade ladle and the black-millet wine, and invested him at the ninth degree as an earl; but afterward he seized him at the frontier storehouse. Jili died in his distress, and hence it is said that Wending killed Jili.

Year 12. Phoenixes gathered on Mount Qi.

Year 13. He ascended.

Emperor Yi (帝乙)

His name was Xian.

Year 1. In gengyin the king took the throne and dwelt at Yin.

Year 3. The king ordered Nan Zhong to hold off the Kun Yi in the west and to wall Shuofang. In summer, the sixth month, there was an earthquake in Zhou.

Year 9. He ascended.

Emperor Xin (帝辛)

His name was Shou.

Year 1. In jihai the king took the throne and dwelt at Yin. He gave charges to the Marquis of Jiu, the Marquis of Zhou, and the Marquis of Yu.

Year 3. A sparrow gave birth to a hawk.

Year 4. There was a great hunt at Li. The punishment of the roasting beam was made.

Year 5. In summer the terrace of Nandan was built. Earth rained down at Bo.

Year 6. The Earl of the West first held the yue sacrifice at Bi.

Year 9. The king's army attacked Yousu and took Daji, returning with her. The Jade Chamber was made and the Jade Gate set up.

Year 10. In summer, the sixth month, the king hunted in the western outskirts.

Year 17. The Earl of the West attacked the Di. In winter the king traveled on the Qi.

Year 21. In spring, the first month, the feudal lords paid court to Zhou. Boyi and Shuqi came from Guzhu to Zhou.

Year 22. In winter there was a great hunt on the Wei.

Year 23. The Earl of the West was imprisoned at Youli.

Year 29. The Earl of the West was released; the feudal lords went out to meet him, and he returned to Cheng.

Year 30.

Year 30. In spring, in the third month, the Earl of the West led the feudal lords in to present tribute.

Year 31. The Earl of the West drilled his troops at Bi, and obtained Lü Shang (呂尚), whom he made his preceptor.

Year 32. The five planets gathered in the lodge Fang. A red crow settled upon the altar of the soil of Zhou. The men of Mi raided Ruan; the Earl of the West led an army and attacked Mi.

Year 33. The men of Mi surrendered to the army of Zhou, and he then removed to Cheng. The king conferred a charge upon the Earl of the West, granting him sole authority to punish and campaign.

(King Wen's holding of the mandate ran nine years, and the great succession was not yet gathered in. It was here that he obtained sole authority to punish and campaign, and the receiving of the mandate is reckoned from this year.)

Year 34. The army of Zhou took Qi and Yu, then attacked Chong, and the men of Chong surrendered. In winter, in the twelfth month, the Kunyi raided Zhou.

Year 35. There was a great famine in Zhou. The Earl of the West moved from Cheng to Feng.

Year 36. In spring, in the first month, the feudal lords came to court at Zhou, and then attacked the Kunyi. The Earl of the West sent his heir, Fa, to lay out Hao.

Year 37. Zhou made the Biyong hall.

Year 39. The grandee Xin Jia fled to Zhou.

Year 40. Zhou made the Numinous Terrace. The king sent Jiao Ge to seek jade from Zhou.

Year 41. In spring, in the third month, Chang, the Earl of the West, passed away.

Year 42. Fa, the Earl of the West, received the Cinnabar Writing from Lü Shang. A woman changed into a man.

Year 43. In spring, there was a grand review of the troops. Mount Yao fell in.

Year 44. Fa, the Earl of the West, attacked Li. (Compare the Shangshu, "The Earl of the West Vanquishes Li.")

Year 47. The inner scribe Xiang Zhi fled to Zhou.

Year 48. The yiyang beast appeared.

Year 51. In winter, in the eleventh month, on the day wuzi, the army of Zhou crossed the Meng Ford and turned back. The king imprisoned Jizi, killed the prince Bi Gan, and Weizi fled.

Year 52. On the day gengyin, Zhou first attacked Yin. In autumn, the army of Zhou halted at Xianyuan. In winter, in the twelfth month, the army of Zhou performed a sacrifice to the High God. Yong, Shu, Qiang, Mao, Wei, Lu, Peng, and Pu followed the army of Zhou in attacking Yin.

(From Tang's destruction of Xia down to Shou there were twenty-nine kings, filling four hundred and ninety-six years.)

Annals of Zhou (周紀)

King Wu (武王)

His name was Fa.

In the beginning, in the generation of Gaoxin, there was a consort named Jiang Yuan. While assisting at the suburban sacrifice to the spirit of marriage, she saw the footprint of a giant and trod in it, and at that moment she was stirred as though moved by the way of man, so that she conceived and bore a son. Thinking this ill-omened, she cast him away in a narrow lane, but the sheep and cattle turned aside and would not tread on him. She then sent him into the mountain forest, but it happened that woodcutters spread coverings over him. She then took him and set him upon the cold ice, and a great bird spread one wing beneath him and covered him with it. Jiang Yuan held this extraordinary, and so took him back and reared him, and named him Qi, "the Cast Away." His jaw was oddly formed, and his features were not those of common men. When he was grown he became Yao's officer of grain, and had merit toward the people. Houji's grandson was called Gong Liu. He had virtue, and the feudal lords all treated him with the rites due to the Son of Heaven.

In the beginning, in the age of the Yellow Emperor, a prophecy said: "In the northwest there shall be a king; the term of it lies at jiazi. Chang shall frame the mandate, Fa shall carry out the punishment, Dan shall put the Way into practice." After Gong Liu, in the thirteenth generation, Ji Li was born. In the tenth year of Ji Li, flying dragons filled the wilds of Mu in Yin; this, surely, was the token that a sage in a low station was about to rise. Ji Li's consort was called Tai Ren. She dreamed that a tall man moved her, and she relieved herself in the pig pen and bore Chang, who was King Wen of Zhou. He had a dragon's brow and a tiger's shoulders, was ten chi in height, and had four nipples upon his breast. The Great King said: "In my line there is to be one who rises — will it not be Chang?" Ji Li's elder brother was called Tai Bo. Knowing that Heaven's mandate rested upon Chang, he went off to Yue and did not return for the rest of his life; his younger brother Zhong Yong followed him. Therefore Ji Li became the heir, and so it came down to Chang. Chang became the Earl of the West and made his settlement at Feng.

King Wen's consort was called Tai Si. She dreamed that thorn bushes grew in the courtyard of Shang, and that the heir Fa planted a catalpa between the gate towers, which changed into pines, cypresses, yu, and zuo oaks. She told King Wen of it, and King Wen with offerings of silk led his assembled ministers, and together with Fa bowed to the auspicious dream. On the jiazi day of the last month of autumn, a red sparrow carrying a writing came to Feng and set it at Chang's door. Chang bowed with his head to the ground and received it. The essential words of its text said: "Ji Chang is a son of the Green Emperor; he who will bring Yin to ruin is King Zhou."

When he was about to hunt, the scribe Bian divined about it and said: "You will make a great taking — not a bear, not a brown bear. Heaven is sending a Grand Preceptor to assist Chang. My own ancestor, the scribe Chou, divined a hunt for Yu and obtained Gao Yao; the omen was of this kind." He came to the waters of Panxi, where Lü Shang was angling on the bank. The king got down, hurried forward, and bowed, saying: "For seven years I have looked for you, sir, and only now do I see your light here." Shang rose, changed his name, and answered: "Wang, while angling, obtained a jade huang, and the essential words of its text said: 'The Ji receive the mandate; Chang comes to take it up. Grasp your seal of the Luo; the recompense lies in Qi.'" Shang went out roaming, and saw a red man come forth from the Luo, who handed Shang a writing: "The mandate names Lü; he who assists Chang is you."

King Wen dreamed that the sun and moon fastened upon his body, and a yuezhuo phoenix cried on Mount Qi. In the first month of spring, through six spans of ten days, the five planets gathered in Fang. Afterward a phoenix carrying a writing roamed in King Wen's capital. The writing also said: "The Yin emperor is without the Way; he oppresses and throws the world into disorder. The mandate of the stars has already shifted; it cannot last much longer. The numinous earth-spirits have gone far off, the hundred spirits have blown away. The five planets gather in Fang; he shall shine and set the four seas in order."

When King Wen had died, the heir Fa succeeded him in his place; this was King Wu. King Wu had teeth grown together and a far-gazing look. When he was about to attack Zhou, he came to the Meng Ford, where eight hundred feudal lords assembled without appointment, all saying, "Zhou may be attacked." King Wu did not follow them. When Zhou killed Bi Gan, imprisoned Jizi, and Weizi departed from him, he then attacked Zhou. He crossed the Meng Ford, and in midstream a white fish leapt into the king's boat. The king bent down and took the fish. It was three chi long, and beneath its eyes were red markings forming characters, which said that Zhou might be attacked. The king copied them out in the script of the age, and the markings on the fish faded away. He burned the fish to announce it to Heaven. A fire came from Heaven and rested upon the king's roof, and flowed into the shape of a red crow, and the crow held grain in its beak. The grain recorded the virtue of Houji; the fire was because he had burned the fish to announce it to Heaven, and Heaven's fire flowed down, answering him with good fortune. He then attacked Zhou in the east and conquered at Muye. His weapons were not bloodied on their blades, and the world turned to him. He then enfeoffed Lü Shang in Qi. When Zhou's virtue had risen high, the grasses and trees grew thick, and the artemisia was tall enough to serve for palace chambers; therefore it was called the Artemisia Chamber. Having gained possession of the world, he made his capital at Hao.

Year 12. In the twelfth year, on xinmao, the king led the feudal lords of the western Yi in attacking Yin and defeated them in the wilds of Mu. The king in person took Shou captive on the terrace of Nandan, and then apportioned the brightness of Heaven. He set up Shou's son Lufu; this was Wu Geng.

In summer, in the fourth month, the king returned to Feng and made a feast-offering in the Grand Temple. He appointed overseers for Yin. He then hunted at Guan. He made the music called Great Martial.

Year 13. The Earl of Chao came as a guest. The offerings of Yin were presented in the Grand Temple. He then made a great enfeoffment of the feudal lords.

In autumn, there was a great harvest.

Year 14. The king was ill, and Duke Wen of Zhou (周文公, the Duke of Zhou) prayed at the altar and the cleared ground, and made the "Metal-Bound Coffer."

Year 15. The Sushen came as guests. For the first time he made his progress to the mountains of the quarters, and proclaimed at the settlement of Mei.

In winter, the Nine Cauldrons were moved to Luo.

Year 16. Jizi came to court.

In autumn, the king's army extinguished Pugu.

Year 17. A charge was given to the royal heir Song in the Eastern Palace.

In winter, in the twelfth month, the king ascended — that is, he died — at the age of fifty-four.

King Cheng (成王)

His name was Song.

Year 1. In the year dingyou, in spring, in the first month, the king took the throne, and charged the grand steward, Duke Wen of Zhou, to oversee the hundred officers. On gengwu, the Duke of Zhou proclaimed to the feudal lords at the August Gate. In summer, in the sixth month, King Wu was buried at Bi. In autumn, the king assumed the cap of manhood. Wu Geng rebelled with Yin. Duke Wen of Zhou went out to dwell in the east.

Year 2. The men of Yan, the men of Xu, and the Huai Yi entered Bei and rebelled. In autumn, there was great thunder and lightning with wind, and the king went out to the suburbs to meet Duke Wen of Zhou. He then attacked Yin.

Year 3. The king's army extinguished Yin and killed Wu Geng Lufu. The people of Yin were moved to Wei (衛). He then attacked Yan and extinguished Pugu.

Year 4. In spring, in the first month, he held court in the temple for the first time. In summer, in the fourth month, the first tasting of the wheat was made. The king's army attacked the Huai Yi and then entered Yan.

Year 5. In spring, in the first month, the king was at Yan, and moved its ruler to Pugu. In summer, in the fifth month, the king arrived from Yan. The people of Yin were moved to the settlement of Luo, and Chengzhou was then laid out.

Year 6. There was a grand muster at Qiyang.

Year 7. The Duke of Zhou returned the government to the king. In spring, in the second month, the king went to Feng. In the third month, Duke Kang of Shao went to Luo to measure out the settlement. On jiazi, Duke Wen of Zhou proclaimed to the many officers at Chengzhou, and the eastern capital was then walled. The king went to the eastern capital, and the feudal lords came to court. In winter, the king returned from the eastern capital. A temple was set up for Gao Yu.

Year 8. In spring, in the first month, the king for the first time took his place at the eastern steps and governed in person. He charged Qinfu, marquis of Lu, and Ji, marquis of Qi, to move the multitude of Yin to Lu. The Xiang Dance was made. In winter, in the tenth month, the king's army extinguished Tang, and its people were moved to Du.

Year 9. In spring, in the first month, a sacrifice was performed in the Grand Temple, and the Zhuo music was used for the first time. The Sushen came to court, and the king sent the Earl of Rong to confer a charge upon the Sushen.

Year 10. The king appointed Shu Yu of Tang to be a marquis. The Yuechang came to court. Duke Wen of Zhou went out to dwell at Feng.

Year 11. In spring, in the first month, the king went to Feng. Shu of Tang presented an auspicious stalk of grain, and the king ordered Shu of Tang to send the grain to Duke Wen of Zhou. The king charged Duke Ping of Zhou to govern the eastern capital. (Note: Duke Ping of Zhou is Jun Chen, a son of the Duke of Zhou and younger brother of Boqin.)

Year 12. The king's army and the army of Yan walled Han. The king conferred a charge upon the marquis of Han.

Year 13. The king's army joined the marquis of Qi and the marquis of Lu in attacking the Rong. In summer, in the sixth month, Lu held the great di sacrifice in the temple of the Duke of Zhou.

Year 14. The army of Qin besieged Qucheng and took it. In winter, the settlement of Luo was announced complete.

Year 18. In spring, in the first month, the king went to the settlement of Luo and fixed the cauldrons there. A phoenix appeared, and a sacrifice was then performed to the River.

When King Wu died, King Cheng was young, and Dan, the Duke of Zhou, acted as regent for seven years. He instituted the rites and made the music; the divine bird, the phoenix, appeared, and the mingjia plant grew. He then went with King Cheng to look upon the He and the Luo, and sank jade discs in them. When the rites were finished, the king withdrew and waited. When the sun had passed its height, a glorious radiance came forth and curtained the River, a green cloud floated up, and a green dragon came down to the altar bearing in its mouth a chart upon a dark shell, set it down, and departed. The rites at the Luo were the same. A dark turtle and a green dragon in an azure glow halted at the altar; on the back of the shell a writing was cut, red markings forming characters, and the Duke of Zhou took up a brush and copied it in the script of the age. When the copying was done the markings faded, and the turtle went away with its shell. Its words were the tokens of flourishing and decline from the Duke of Zhou down to Qin and Han. A qilin roamed in the park, a phoenix soared in the courtyard, and King Cheng took up his zither and sang:

The phoenix soars — above the purple court;
what virtue have I — to move the numinous?
I lean on the former kings — their bounty comes to me;
together we rejoice — and the people are at peace.

Year 19. The king made a tour of inspection through the marquis and dian domains and to the mountains of the quarters, with Duke Kang of Shao attending. He returned to Zongzhou and then set the hundred officers in order. He dismissed the marquis of Feng.

Year 21. The tablets of government were taken down. Duke Wen of Zhou passed away at Feng.

Year 22. Duke Wen of Zhou was buried at Bi.

Year 24. Yuyue came as guests.

Year 25. The king held a great assembly of the feudal lords at the eastern capital, and the Yi of the four quarters came as guests. In winter, in the tenth month, he returned from the eastern capital and performed a sacrifice in the Grand Temple.

Year 30. The Li Rong came as guests. (Note: the Li Rong are the Rong of Mount Li; they were attacked by the Lin clan and reported it to King Cheng.)

Year 33. The king roamed at Juan'e, with Duke Kang of Shao attending. He returned to Zongzhou. He ordered the royal heir Zhao to go to Fang to fetch a bride, and Qi, Earl of Fang, returned with him to Zongzhou.

Year 34. Gold rained at Xianyang. (Note: when Heaven rained gold at Xianyang, within three years there was a great mourning in the state.)

Year 37. In summer, in the fourth month, on yichou, the king ascended.

King Kang (康王)

His name was Zhao.

Year 1. In the year jiaxu, in spring, in the first month, the king took the throne, and charged the grand steward, Duke Kang of Shao, to oversee the hundred officers. The feudal lords came to court at the palace of Feng.

Year 3. The music and the songs were fixed. The auspicious di sacrifice was made to the former kings. He renewed his admonitions to the officers of agriculture, and announced it in the temple.

Year 6. The Grand Duke of Qi passed away.

Year 9. Tang removed to Jin, and built a palace too fine; the king sent men to reprove him for it.

Year 12. In summer, in the sixth month, on renshen, the king went to Feng and conferred a charge upon the Duke of Bi. In autumn, Duke Yi of Mao passed away.

Year 16. A charge was conferred upon Ji, marquis of Qi. The king made a tour of inspection to the south, reaching the Nine Rivers and Mount Lu.

Year 19. Qinfu, marquis of Lu, passed away.

Year 21. Lu built the Mao gate-towers.

Year 24. Duke Kang of Shao passed away.

Year 26. In autumn, in the ninth month, on jiwei, the king ascended.

King Zhao (昭王)

His name was Xia.

Year 1. In the year gengzi, in spring, in the first month, the king took the throne, and again set up the statutes upon the gate-towers.

Year 6. The king conferred a charge upon the Earl of Xun. In winter, in the twelfth month, the peach and the plum blossomed.

Year 14. In summer, in the fourth month, the fixed stars were not seen. In autumn, in the seventh month, the men of Lu assassinated their ruler Zai.

Year 16. He attacked Chu, forded the Han, and met a great rhinoceros.

Year 19. In spring, a comet appeared in the Purple Tenuity. The Duke of Zhai and the Earl of Xin followed the king in attacking Chu. The sky grew greatly dark, pheasants and hares alike trembled, and the six armies were lost in the Han. The king ascended.

King Mu (穆王)

His name was Man.

Year 1. In the year jiwei, in spring, in the first month, the king took the throne and built the Zhao Palace. He gave a charge to Xin Bo Yumi. In winter, in the tenth month, the Zhi Palace was built at Nanzheng.

(From King Wu to King Mu they enjoyed the state a hundred years. From King Mu onward the capital was at Xizheng.)

Year 6. In spring, Dan, viscount of Xu, came to court, and a charge was conferred making him an earl.

Year 8. In spring, Beitang came as guests and presented a black steed, and this sired Lü'er.

Year 9. The Spring Palace was built.

Year 11. The king gave a charge to the minister Moufu, Duke of Zhai.

Year 12. Ban, Duke of Mao, Li, Duke of Gong, and Gu, Duke of Pang, led armies and followed the king in attacking the Quanrong. In winter, in the tenth month, the king made a tour of inspection to the north, and then campaigned against the Quanrong.

Year 13. In spring, the Duke of Zhai led an army and followed the king on a western campaign, halting at Yangyu. In autumn, in the seventh month, the Western Rong came as guests. The Xu Rong raided Luo. In winter, in the tenth month, Zaofu drove the king's chariot, and they entered Zongzhou.

Year 14. The king led the viscount of Chu in attacking the Xu Rong, and overcame them. In summer, in the fourth month, the king hunted at Junqiu. In the fifth month, the Fan Palace was built. In autumn, in the ninth month, the Di raided Bi. In winter, there was a muster at Pingze. Hulao was built.

Year 15. In spring, in the first month, the Liukun came as guests. The Double-Wall Terrace was built. In winter, the king viewed the Salt Marsh.

Year 16. Jiu, marquis of Huo, passed away. The king ordered Zaofu to be enfeoffed at Zhao.

Year 17. The king campaigned westward to the hill of Kunlun and saw the Queen Mother of the West. In that year the Queen Mother of the West came to court and was received as a guest in the Zhao Palace. In autumn, in the eighth month, the Rong were moved to Taiyuan.

(The king campaigned north, travelling a thousand li of drifting sand and a thousand li of piled feathers. He campaigned against the Quanrong and took five of their kings away eastward. He campaigned west, reaching the place where the blue birds shed their plumage. On his western campaign he went round and trod the whole world — one hundred and ninety thousand li.)

Year 18. In spring, in the first month, the king dwelt in the Zhi Palace, and the feudal lords came to court.

Year 21. Duke Wen of Zhai passed away.

Year 24. The king ordered the scribe of the left, Rong Fu, to make the Records.

Year 35. The men of Jing entered Xu; Qian, Earl of Mao, led an army and defeated the men of Jing at the Ji.

Year 37. He raised the nine armies in force and went east as far as the Nine Rivers, laying soft-shelled turtles and river lizards across to make a bridge. He then attacked Yue and reached Yu. The men of Jing came to bring tribute.

Year 39. The king assembled the feudal lords at Mount Tu.

Year 45. Fei, marquis of Lu, passed away.

Year 51. The Punishments of Lü were made. A charge was given to the marquis of Fu at Feng.

Year 55. The king ascended in the Zhi Palace.

King Gong (共王)

His name was Yihu.

Year 1. In the year jiayin, in spring, in the first month, the king took the throne.

Year 4. The king's army extinguished Mi.

Year 9. In spring, in the first month, on dinghai, the king sent the inner scribe Liang to confer a charge upon Qian, Earl of Mao.

Year 12. The king ascended.

King Yi (懿王)

His name was Jian.

Year 1. In the year bingyin, in spring, in the first month, the king took the throne. The sky dawned twice at Zheng.

Year 7. The Western Rong raided Hao.

Year 13. The Di raided Qi.

Year 15. The king removed from Zongzhou to Huaili.

Year 17. Zhuo, Duke Li of Lu, passed away.

Year 21. The Duke of Guo led an army north to attack the Quanrong, and was defeated and fled.

Year 25. The king ascended.

(In the age of King Yi undertakings were without measure and commands came at no fit season; the keepers of the water-clock could not fulfil their office, and thereupon the feudal lords drew away from his virtue.)

King Xiao (孝王)

His name was Pifang.

Year 1. In the year xinmao, in spring, in the first month, the king took the throne. He ordered the marquis of Shen to attack the Western Rong.

Year 5. The Western Rong came and presented horses.

Year 7. In winter, there was heavy rain and lightning, and the waters of the Jiang and the Han rose.

Year 8. Pasturing was first begun on the Qian and the Wei.

Year 9. The king ascended.

King Yi (夷王)

His name was Xie.

Year 1. In the year gengzi, in spring, in the first month, the king took the throne.

Year 2. The men of Shu and the men of Lü came and presented fine jade; they were received as guests at the River, and the great jade tablet was used.

Year 3. The king summoned the feudal lords, and boiled Duke Ai of Qi in a cauldron.

Year 6. The king hunted in the grove of the soil altar, and returned with one rhinoceros taken.

Year 7. The Duke of Guo led an army against the Rong of Taiyuan, reached Yuquan, and took a thousand horses. In winter, hail fell, as large as whetstones. Xiong Qu, viscount of Chu, attacked Yong and reached E.

Year 8. The king was ill, and the feudal lords prayed to the mountains and rivers. The king ascended.

King Li (厲王)

His name was Hu.

Year 1. In the year wushen, in spring, in the first month, the king took the throne and built the Yi Palace. He charged the minister Duke Yi of Rong to perform its dedication. The men of Chu came and presented tortoise shells and cowries.

Year 3. The Huai Yi raided Luo. The king ordered Zhangfu, Duke of Guo, to attack them, but he did not prevail. Shan, Duke Xian of Qi, passed away.

Year 6. Yan, viscount of Chu, died.

Year 8. For the first time a watch was set upon criticism. Liangfu, Earl of Rui, admonished the hundred officers at court.

Year 11. The Western Rong entered Quanqiu.

Year 12. The king fled and ran to Zhi. The people of the capital surrounded the royal palace, seized the son of Duke Mu of Shao, and killed him.

Year 13. The king was at Zhi, and He, Earl of Gong, acted in the office of the Son of Heaven.

Year 14. The Xianyun raided the western border of Zongzhou. Duke Mu of Shao led an army in pursuit of the Jing Man, reaching the Luo.

Year 16. Marquis Wu of Cai passed away. Yong, viscount of Chu, died.

Year 19. Earl Yi of Cao passed away.

Year 22. There was a great drought. Duke You of Chen passed away.

Year 23. There was a great drought. Duke Xi of Song passed away.

Year 24. There was a great drought. Duke Wu of Qi (杞) passed away.

Year 25. There was a great drought. Yan, viscount of Chu, died.

Year 26. There was a great drought, and the king ascended at Zhi. Duke Ding of Zhou and Duke Mu of Shao set up the heir apparent Jing as king. He, Earl of Gong, returned to his own state, and thereupon there was great rain.

(The great drought had lasted long, and huts and houses alike were burned up. It happened that the King of Fen died, and divination was made at Dayang; the crack said that King Li was working the curse. The Duke of Zhou and the Duke of Shao then set up the heir apparent Jing, and He of Gong thereupon returned to his state. He possessed the utmost virtue: honoured, he took no joy in it; set aside, he felt no anger; he wandered free and content at the head of Mount Gong.)

King Xuan (宣王)

His name was Jing.

Year 1. In the year jiaxu, in spring, in the first month, the king took the throne, and Duke Ding of Zhou and Duke Mu of Shao assisted in the government. The field levy was restored. The "War Chariots" was made. Marquis Hui of Yan passed away.

Year 2. Charges were conferred upon the Grand Preceptor Huangfu and the marshal Xiufu. Duke Shen of Lu passed away. Su, a son of the ducal house of Cao, assassinated his ruler Jiang, Earl You.

Year 3. The king ordered the grandee Zhong to attack the Western Rong. Shou, Duke Wu of Qi, passed away.

Year 4. The king ordered Juefu to go to Han, and the marquis of Han came to court.

Year 5. In summer, in the sixth month, Yin Jifu led an army against the Xianyun, reaching Taiyuan. In autumn, in the eighth month, Fang Shu led an army against the Jing Man.

Year 6. Duke Mu of Shao led an army against the Huai Yi. The king led an army against the Xu Rong; Huangfu and Xiufu followed the king in attacking the Xu Rong, and halted at the Huai. The king returned from the attack on Xu. A charge was conferred upon Duke Mu of Shao. The Western Rong killed Zhong of Qin. Shuang, viscount of Chu, died.

Year 7. The king conferred a charge upon the Earl of Shen. The king ordered Zhongshan Fu, marquis of Fan, to wall Qi.

Year 8. For the first time the consecration of the chambers was performed. Duke Wu of Lu came to court, and a charge was conferred upon Xi, the heir of Lu.

Year 9. The king assembled the feudal lords at the eastern capital, and then hunted at Fu.

Year 12. Duke Wu of Lu passed away. The men of Qi assassinated their ruler Wuji, Duke Li, and set up the ducal son Chi.

Year 15. Marquis Xi of Wei passed away. The king conferred a charge upon Duke Wen of Guo.

Year 16. Jin removed to Jiang.

Year 18. Marquis Yi of Cai passed away.

Year 21. Boyu, a son of the ducal house of Lu, assassinated his ruler Xi, Duke Yi.

Year 22. The king conferred a charge upon the royal son Duofu, to dwell at Luo.

Year 24. Chi, Duke Wen of Qi, passed away.

Year 25. There was a great drought; the king prayed at the suburban altar and in the temple, and then it rained.

Year 27. Jian, Duke Hui of Song, passed away.

Year 28. Xun, viscount of Chu, died.

Year 29. For the first time the thousand mu were not ritually ploughed.

Year 30. A hare danced in the capital at Hao.

Year 32. The king's army attacked Lu and killed Boyu. He gave a charge to Cheng, Duke Xiao, in the Yi Palace. Xiao, Duke Xi of Chen, passed away. A horse changed into a man.

Year 33. Duke Cheng of Qi passed away. The king's army attacked the Rong of Taiyuan, but did not prevail.

Year 37. A horse changed into a fox. Marquis Xi of Yan died. E, viscount of Chu, died.

Year 38. The king's army together with Marquis Mu of Jin attacked the Tiao Rong and the Ben Rong; the king's army was defeated and fled.

Year 39. The king's army attacked the Jiang Rong and fought at Qianmu; the king's army was defeated and fled.

Year 40. The people were numbered at Taiyuan. The Rong extinguished the town of Jiang. The men of Jin defeated the Northern Rong at Fenxi.

Year 41. The king's army was defeated at Shen.

Year 43. The king killed the grandee Earl of Du. His son Xi Shu fled to Jin. Feisheng, Marquis Mu of Jin, passed away; his younger brother Shang Shu set himself up, and the heir Chou fled.

Year 44. (No entry.)

Year 46. The king ascended.

King You (幽王)

His name was Nie.

Year 1. In the year gengshen, in spring, in the first month, the king took the throne. Chou, the heir of Jin, returned to Jin and killed Shang Shu; the men of Jin set up Chou, and this was Marquis Wen. The king conferred charges upon the Grand Preceptor of the Yin clan and upon Huangfu.

Year 2. The Jing, the Wei, and the Luo ran dry. Mount Qi fell in. For the first time the levies were increased. Marquis Wen of Jin, together with the royal son Duofu, attacked Zeng and overcame it. He then settled upon the hill of Zhengfu; this was Duke Huan of Zheng.

Year 3. The king took Bao Si as his favourite. In winter, there was great thunder and lightning.

Year 4. The men of Qin attacked the Western Rong. In summer, in the sixth month, frost fell. Duke Yi of Chen passed away.

Year 5. Yijiu, the royal heir, fled to Shen. Huangfu built a capital at Xiang.

Year 6. The king ordered Bo Shi to lead an army against the Rong of Liuji; the king's army was defeated and fled. The Western Rong extinguished Gai. In winter, in the tenth month, on the new moon of xinmao, there was an eclipse of the sun.

Year 7. The men of Guo extinguished Jiao.

Year 8. The king conferred a charge upon Duofu, Earl of Zheng, minister of education. The king set up Bao Si's son, named Bofu, as heir apparent.

Year 9. The marquis of Shen made diplomatic visits to the Western Rong and to Zeng.

Year 10. In spring, the king and the feudal lords made a covenant at Taishi. In autumn, in the ninth month, peaches and apricots bore fruit. The king's army attacked Shen.

Year 11. In spring, in the first month, there was a halo about the sun. The men of Shen, the men of Zeng, and the Quanrong entered Zongzhou and assassinated the king and Duke Huan of Zheng. The Quanrong killed the royal son Bofu. They seized Bao Si and carried her off. The marquis of Shen, the marquis of Lu, the baron of Xu, and the viscount of Zheng set up Yijiu at Shen; Han, Duke of Guo, set up the royal son Yuchen at Xie.

(King Wu destroyed Yin in the year gengyin. In the twenty-fourth year, the year being jiayin, the cauldrons were fixed at the settlement of Luo; from then to King You was two hundred and fifty-seven years, in all two hundred and eighty-one years. From King Wu's first year, jimao, to King You's gengwu was two hundred and ninety-two years.)

Annals of Jin (晉紀)

King Ping (平王)

(From the eastward removal onward, the record begins to chronicle the affairs of Jin; the accessions of the kings are in no case written.)

Year 1. In the year xinwei, the king removed east to the settlement of Luo. A charge was conferred upon Marquis Wen. The marquis of Jin joined the marquis of Wei, the earl of Zheng, and the earl of Qin, and with their armies followed the king into Chengzhou.

Year 2. Qin made the Western altar. Duke Xiao of Lu passed away. The fields of Bin and Qi were granted to Qin and Jin.

Year 3. The men of Qi extinguished Zhu. The king conferred a charge upon the earl of Zheng, minister of education.

Year 4. Marquis Qing of Yan died. The men of Zheng extinguished Guo.

Year 5. Duke Xiang of Qin led an army against the Rong, and died with the army. Duke Dai of Song passed away.

Year 6. Marquis Ai of Yan died. Zheng removed to the Zhen and the Wei.

Year 7. Yi, viscount of Chu, died.

Year 8. Zheng killed its grandee Guan Qisi.

Year 10. Qin returned to the Qian and the Wei.

Year 13. Duke Wu of Wei (魏) passed away.

Year 14. The men of Jin extinguished Han.

Year 18. Duke Wen of Qin greatly defeated the army of the Rong at Qi, and came to render up the fields east of Qi.

Year 21. Marquis Wen of Jin killed the royal son Yuchen at Xie.

Year 23. Duke Wu of Song died.

Year 24. Qin made the shrine of the Chen Treasure.

Year 25. Marquis Wen of Jin passed away. Qin for the first time used the punishment of clan extermination.

Year 26. Jin enfeoffed its ruler's younger brother Chengshi at Quwo.

Year 32. Pan Fu of Jin assassinated his ruler Marquis Zhao and would have brought in Chengshi, but did not succeed. They set up Marquis Zhao's son, Marquis Xiao, and the men of Jin killed Pan Fu.

Year 33. The men of Chu raided Shen.

Year 36. Duke Zhuang of Wei (衛) died. The king's men garrisoned Shen.

Year 40. Duke Zhuang of Qi died. Chengshi, Shu Huan of Quwo in Jin, died, and his son Shan succeeded him; this was Earl Zhuang.

Year 41. In spring, there was a great fall of snow.

Year 42. The Di attacked Yi, reaching the outskirts of Jin. Duke Xiang of Song passed away. Duke Hui of Lu sent his steward Rang to ask for the rites of the suburban sacrifice and the ancestral temple, and the king sent the scribe Jiao to go to Lu and instruct them to desist.

Year 47. Earl Zhuang of Quwo in Jin entered Yi and assassinated Marquis Xiao. The men of Jin drove him out and set up Marquis Xiao's son Xi; this was Marquis E.

Year 48. There was thunder without cloud. Duke Hui of Lu died.

Year 49. Duke Yin of Lu and Duke Zhuang of Zhu made a covenant at Gumie.

Year 51. In spring, in the second month, on yisi, there was an eclipse of the sun. In the third month, on gengxu, the king ascended.

King Huan (桓王)

Year 1. In the year renxu, in the tenth month, Earl Zhuang rebelled with Quwo and attacked Yi. The ducal son Wan relieved Yi, and Shu Zhen of Xun pursued him as far as Jiagu. The marquis of Yi burned the standing grain of Quwo and turned back. The marquis of Yi attacked Quwo and won a great victory; Duke Wu sued for peace with Yi, and they went as far as Xiang and turned back.

Year 2. The king sent the Duke of Guo to attack Quwo of Jin. Marquis E of Jin died, and Earl Zhuang of Quwo again attacked Jin. They set up Marquis E's son Guang; this was Marquis Ai. The ducal son Wan relieved Yi, and Shu Zhen of Xun pursued him as far as Jiagu.

Year 3. Jiazi.

Year 4. Earl Zhuang of Quwo died, and his son Cheng succeeded him; this was Duke Wu, who still held one army.

Year 5. The men of Rui took Jing. The men of Xun and the Earl of Dong both revolted from Quwo.

Year 11. Quwo captured Marquis Ai of Jin. The men of Jin set up Marquis Ai's son as the Young Marquis. Wan, Earl of Rui, fled to Wei (魏).

Year 12. The king's army and the army of Qin besieged Wei, took Wan, Earl of Rui, and carried him off eastward.

Year 13. In winter, the Earl of Quwo lured the Young Marquis of Jin and killed him. Quwo of Jin extinguished Xun, and granted its land to the grandee An of the Yuan clan; this was Shu of Xun. The Rong met Wan, Earl of Rui, in the outskirts.

Year 14. The king ordered Zhong of Guo to attack Quwo, and set up Min, the younger brother of Marquis Ai of Jin, at Yi to be marquis of Jin.

Year 15. (No entry.)

Year 16. In spring, Yi was extinguished.

Year 19. Duke Zhuang of Zheng died.

Year 23. In the third month, on yiwei, the king ascended.

King Zhuang (莊王)

Year 1. In the year yiyou, Quwo still held one army, being distinct from Jin.

Year 6. In the fifth month, King Huan was buried.

King Xi (厘王)

Year 1. In the year gengzi, in spring, Duke Huan of Qi assembled the feudal lords at Beixing, to settle the disorder in Song.

Year 3. Duke Wu of Quwo extinguished Min, marquis of Jin, and presented treasures to the king; the king appointed Duke Wu, with his one army, to be marquis of Jin.

Year 4. Jin still did not join in Duke Huan of Qi's covenant.

Year 5. Duke Wu of Jin died, and his son Guizhu succeeded him as Duke Xian. The king ascended.

King Hui (惠王)

Year 1. Duke Xian of Jin came to court, and the king went to Chengzhou. At Zhouyang a white hare danced in the market.

Year 2. The royal son Tui made disorder. The king dwelt in Zheng; the men of Zheng entered the royal treasury and took much jade. The jade turned into sand-spitters, which shot at men.

Year 9. Jin walled Jiang.

Year 16. Duke Xian of Jin made two armies; he extinguished Geng and granted it to the grandee Zhao Su, and extinguished Wei (魏) and granted it to the grandee Bi Wan.

Year 17. Duke Yi of Wei fought the Red Di at Jiongze.

Year 19. Duke Xian of Jin joined the army of Yu in attacking Guo, and extinguished Xiayang; Chou, Duke of Guo, fled to Wei. The duke assigned Xiafu and Lü Sheng towns at the capital.

Year 25. In spring, in the first month, the Di attacked Jin. The king ascended.

King Xiang (襄王)

Year 1. In the year gengwu, Duke Xian of Jin died. Xiqi was set up, and Li Ke killed him and Zhuozi as well, and set up Yiwu.

Year 2. Jin killed Li Ke.

Year 3. Gold rained in Jin.

Year 7. The earl of Qin forded the River and attacked Jin.

Year 15. Duke Hui of Jin died, and his son Yu, Duke Huai, succeeded him. Duke Mu of Qin led an army escorting the ducal son Chong'er, and besieged Linghu, Sangquan, and Jiushuai, all of which surrendered to the army of Qin. Hu Mao and Xian Zhen resisted Qin, coming as far as Liuliu; they then told Duke Mu of Qin to send the ducal son Zhi to come and speak with the army. They halted at Xun, and made a covenant with the army. The ducal son Chong'er forded at the bend of the River.

Year 16. Jin killed Ziyu.

Year 17. Jin walled Xun.

Year 20. King Xiang of Zhou assembled the feudal lords at Heyang.

Year 22. The army of Qi drove out Zheng, and the heir apparent Chi fled to Chengzhang and Nanzheng.

Year 24. Duke Wen of Jin died.

Year 25. (No entry.)

Year 30. The Luo was cut off at Xiang.

Year 31. Duke Xiang of Jin died.

Year 32. (No entry.)

Year 33. The king ascended.

King Qing (頃王)

Year 1. Guimao.

Year 6. A comet entered the Northern Dipper. The king ascended.

King Kuang (匡王)

Year 1. Jiyou.

Year 6. The king ascended. Duke Ling of Jin was killed by Zhao Chuan, and Zhao Dun (趙盾) sent Chuan to fetch the ducal son Heitun from Zhou and set him up.

King Ding (定王)

Year 1. Yimao.

Year 6. Duke Cheng of Jin, together with the Di, attacked Qin. They captured a spy of Qin and killed him in the market of Jiang, and after six days he revived.

Year 7. Duke Cheng of Jin died at Hu.

Year 8. (No entry.)

Year 18. Guo Zuo of Qi came and presented jade chimes and the yan vessel of the Duke of Ji.

Year 21. The king ascended.

King Jian (簡王)

Year 1. Bingzi.

Year 5. Duke Jing of Jin died.

Year 6. (No entry.)

Year 13. Duke Li of Jin died. King Gong of Chu met Duke Ping of Song at Huyang.

Year 14. The king ascended.

King Ling (靈王)

Year 1. Gengyin.

Year 14. Duke Dao of Jin died.

Year 15. (No entry.)

Year 27. The king ascended.

King Jing (景王)

Year 1. Dingsi.

Year 13. In spring, a star came forth in Wunü. In the tenth month, Duke Ping of Jin died.

Year 14. The waters of the River ran red for three li at Longmen.

Year 19. Duke Zhao of Jin died. In winter, in the twelfth month, the peach and the apricot blossomed.

Year 20. (No entry.)

Year 25. Duke Qing of Jin settled the disorder of the royal house, and set up King Jing (敬王).

King Jing (敬王)

Year 1. Renwu.

Year 8. Duke Qing of Jin died.

Year 9. (No entry.)

Year 14. The Han was not seen in the sky.

Year 26. A green rainbow appeared in Jin.

Year 28. The Luo was cut off at Zhou.

Year 36. The Qi was cut off at old Wei.

Year 39. Jin walled Dunqiu.

Year 43. Song killed its grandee Huang Yuan on the banks of the Dan. The Dan was dammed up and did not flow.

Year 44. The king ascended.

King Yuan (元王)

Year 1. In the year bingyin, Duke Ding of Jin died.

Year 2. (No entry.)

Year 4. Yuyue extinguished Wu.

Year 6. The Kuai in Jin was cut off at Liang. The Dan was cut off and did not flow for three days.

Year 7. The men of Qi and the men of Zheng attacked Wei. The king ascended.

King Zhending (貞定王)

Year 1. In the year guiyou, Yuyue moved its capital to Langya.

Year 4. In the eleventh month, Goujian, viscount of Yuyue, died; he is called Tanzhi. Next Luying succeeded.

Year 6. The River in Jin was cut off at Hu.

Year 7. Xun Yao of Jin walled Nanliang.

Year 10. Luying, viscount of Yuyue, died, and Bushou succeeded.

Year 11. Duke Chu of Jin fled to Qi.

Year 12. The waters of the River ran red for three days. Xun Yao attacked Zhongshan and took the hill of Qiongyu.

Year 13. Han Pang of Jin took Wucheng from Qin.

Year 16. (No entry.)

Year 17. Duke Chu of Jin passed away, and the grandson of Duke Zhao was then set up; this was Duke Jing.

Year 43. The king killed the grandee Earl of Du. His son Xi Shu fled to Jin. Feisheng, Marquis Mu of Jin, passed away; his younger brother Shang Shu set himself up, and the heir Chou fled.

Year 18. (No entry.)

Year 20. Bushou, viscount of Yuyue, was killed; he is called Manggu. Next Zhugou succeeded.

Year 22. Chu extinguished Cai.

Year 24. Chu extinguished Qi (杞).

Year 28. The king ascended.

King Kao (考王)

Year 1. Marquis Wen of Wei was established.

Year 10. Chu extinguished Ju.

Year 11. Duke Jing of Jin died.

Year 12. Duke Dao of Lu died.

Year 14. Jisun of Lu met Duke You of Jin at Chuqiu.

Year 15. The king ascended.

King Weilie (威烈王)

Year 1. Bingchen.

Year 3. There was a great drought in Jin, and salt grew out of the ground.

Year 5. In Jin the Dan burst forth, and instead ran clear.

Year 6. The Jin grandee Qin Ying murdered Duke You in the High Chamber, and Marquis Wen of Wei set up Duke You's son Zhi.

Year 7. Xianzi of Zhao walled Xuanshi. Wuzi of Han made his capital at Pingyang.

Year 8. Zhao walled Pingyi.

Year 9. The men of Chu attacked our southern border, reaching Shangluo.

Year 11. Jusi, a ducal son of the Tian house, attacked Handan and laid plans against Pingyi. Yuyue extinguished Teng.

Year 12. Zhugou, viscount of Yuyue, attacked Tan, and returned with Gu, viscount of Tan.

Year 14. Zhugou, viscount of Yuyue, died, and his son Yi succeeded.

Year 16. Tian Xi of Qi and Han Ju of Handan fought at Pingyi. The army of Handan was defeated and fled, and Han Ju was thereupon taken, along with Pingyi and Xincheng.

Year 17. Marquis Wen of Wei attacked Qin as far as Zheng, and on his return walled Fenyin and Heyang. Tian Daozi died. Tian Bu killed his grandee Gongsun Sun, and Gongsun Sun revolted with Linqiu to Zhao. Tian Bu besieged Linqiu; Zhai Jiao, Kong Xie of Zhao, and the Han clan relieved Linqiu, and fought Tian Bu at Longze, and the army of Tian was defeated and fled.

Year 18. The king ordered Jingzi of Han, Liezi of Zhao, and our army to attack Qi, and they entered Changyuan.

Year 23. The king appointed the ministers of Jin — the Wei clan, the Zhao clan, and the Han clan — to be feudal lords.

Year 24. The king ascended.

King An (安王)

First year. The year was gengchen.

Ninth year. Duke Lie of Jin died, and his son Duke Huan was set up.

Tenth year. The year was jichou.

Fifteenth year. Marquis Wen of Wei (魏文侯) died. There was a great wind, and darkness by day. The heir apparent of Jin, Xi, fled the state.

Sixteenth year. Prince Huan (公子緩) was enfeoffed.

Twenty-first year. Han extinguished Zheng, and Marquis Ai entered Zheng.

Twenty-third year. Yue (於越) moved to Wu.

Twenty-sixth year. The king ascended on high. Wei walled Luoyang, and also Anyi and Wangyuan. In the seventh month the heir apparent of Yue, Zhujiu, assassinated his ruler Yi. In the tenth month the men of Yue killed Zhujiu, and Yue fell into confusion; the men of Wu set up Fu Cuozhi as their ruler.

King Lie (烈王)

First year. The year was bingwu. Prince Huan of Wei went to Handan to raise a revolt. The grandee of Yue, Siqu (寺區), settled the disorder in Yue and set up Chu Wuyu, who is the one called Mang'an.

Second year. Hu Su of Qin led an army and attacked Han; the Han general Han Xiang defeated Hu Su at the Suan River. Wei feasted the feudal lords on the Fan Terrace. Duke Huan of Jin settled Marquis Ai in a town in Zheng, and Han Shanjian murdered his ruler, Marquis Ai.

Sixth year. Marquis Gong of Han and Marquis Cheng of Zhao moved Duke Huan of Jin to Tunliu. Yan, Marquis Cheng of Zhao, and Ruo, Marquis Yi of Han, attacked our Kui.

Seventh year. The king ascended on high. Our army attacked Zhao and besieged Shuyang. Tian Shou of Qi led an army and attacked us, besieging Guan, and Guan surrendered. The Wei grandee Wang Cuo fled to Han.

Annals of Wei (魏紀)

King Xian (顯王)

First year. The year was guichou. Zheng walled Xingqiu. Zixiang of Qin was commanded to be Lord of Lan.

Second year. The waters of the Yellow River ran red at Longmen for three days.

Third year. Prince Jing Jia led an army and attacked Zheng; Han Ming fought at Han, and our army was defeated and fled.

Fourth year. In summer, in the fourth month, on the day jiayin, the seat of the state was moved to Daliang. The king threw open the marsh of Pangji and granted it to the people. In Yue, Si, the younger brother of Siqu, assassinated his ruler Mang'an, and Wuzhuan was set up next.

Fifth year. Jade rained down at Ying. The ground suddenly stretched more than ten zhang in length and a chi and a half in height.

Sixth year. Our army attacked Handan and took Lieren; our army attacked Handan and took Fei. Millet rained down in Qi.

Seventh year. We gave Handan Yuci and Yangyi. The king met Marquis Li of Zheng at Wusha.

Eighth year. The waters of the Yellow River were led into Putian, and a great canal was made to draw off the waters of Pu. A man of Xiayang came over to us from Qin, having conducted the Qingyi waters from Mount Min.

Ninth year. A Qin army attacked Zheng, halted at Huai, and walled Yin.

Tenth year. A Chu army let out the waters of the Yellow River to flood the land outside Changyuan. Long Jia led an army and built a long wall on the western border. Zheng took Tunliu and Shangzi.

Eleventh year. Marquis Li of Zheng sent Xu Xi to present territory: the towns of Pingqiu, Huyou, and Shouyuan, and the Chi lands of Zheng. We took Zhidao and gave Zheng Lu. The king and Marquis Li of Zheng swore a covenant at Wusha, thereby lifting the siege of Tayang, and Li was returned to Zheng.

Twelfth year. Marquis Gong of Lu, Marquis Huan of Song, Marquis Cheng of Wei (衛), and Marquis Li of Zheng came to court. The Viscount of Yue, Wuzhuan, died; he is the one called Tanzhumao. Wujiang was set up next.

Thirteenth year. Marquis Cheng of Handan met Marquis Cheng of Yan at Anyi.

Fourteenth year. Gongsun Zhuang of Qin attacked Zheng and besieged the city of Jiao, but did not take it. Gongsun Zhuang of Qin led an army and walled Shangzhi, Anling, and Shanmin. Handan attacked Wei (衛) and took Qi and Fubing, and walled them. A Qi army fought Yan at the Ju River, and the Qi army fled.

Fifteenth year. Tian Qi of Qi attacked our eastern border; they fought at Guiyang, and our army was defeated and fled. Eastern Zhou gave Zheng Gaodu. Marquis Li of Zheng came to court at Zhongyang. Jing Gu of Song and Gongsun Cang of Wei (衛) joined their armies and besieged our Xiangling.

Sixteenth year. The king, with the army of Han and the armies of the feudal lords, stood encamped at Xiangling. The Marquis of Qi sent Jing She of Chu to come and sue for peace. The army of Handan defeated our army at Guiling.

Seventeenth year. Yan attacked Zhao and besieged Zhuolu. King Ling of Zhao and the men of Dai relieved Zhuolu and defeated the Yan army at Shao. Jin took Xuanwu and Huoze.

Eighteenth year. Qi built the Fang dike to make a long wall.

Nineteenth year. The king went to Wei (衛) and commanded Prince Nan to be marquis.

Twentieth year.

Twenty-first year. Yin Chen of Wei and Gongsun Pou of Zhao attacked Yan; on their return they took Xiawu and walled Quni.

Twenty-second year. The year was renyin. Sun He raided Chu; the people of Sanhu bore children. Chu attacked Xuzhou.

Twenty-third year. Wei Zhang led an army, and together with the army of Zheng attacked Chu and took Shangcai. Sun He took Yinyang. Duke Xiao of Qin met the feudal lords at Pangze. Within Jiang the ground split open, and to the west the fissure cut through to the Fen.

Twenty-fourth year. Wei defeated Han at Maling.

Twenty-fifth year.

Twenty-sixth year. Rang Bi led an army and fought Kong Ye of Zheng at Lianghe, and the army of Zheng was defeated and fled. We fought Tian Xi of Qi at Maling.

Twenty-seventh year. In the fifth month Tian Xi of Qi and the men of Song attacked our eastern border and besieged Pingyang. In the ninth month Wei Yang (衛鞅) of Qin attacked our western border. In the tenth month Handan attacked our northern border. The king attacked Wei Yang, and our army was defeated and fled.

Twenty-eighth year. Jiyang was walled. Qin enfeoffed Wei Yang at Wu and changed its name to Shang.

Twenty-ninth year. Pi moved to Xue. In the third month a great canal was made at the northern outer wall, to carry off the waters of Putian.

Thirtieth year.

Thirty-first year. Su Hu of Qin led an army and attacked Zheng; Han Xiang defeated Su Hu of Qin at the Suan River.

Thirty-second year.

Thirty-third year. Marquis Wei of Zheng (鄭威侯), together with Handan, besieged Xiangling.

Thirty-fourth year. This was the thirty-sixth year of King Huicheng of Wei; he changed the reign era and called it the first year. The king met the feudal lords at Xuzhou. The Viscount of Yue, Wujiang, attacked Chu.

Thirty-fifth year. Wu De of Chu led an army, and together with Qin attacked Zheng and besieged Lunshi.

Thirty-sixth year. Chu besieged Qi at Xuzhou, then attacked Yue and killed Wujiang.

Thirty-seventh year.

Thirty-eighth year. Long Jia fought the Qin army at Diaoyin, and our army was defeated and fled. The king met Marquis Wei of Zheng at Wusha.

Thirty-ninth year. Qin took our Fenyin and Pishi.

Fortieth year.

Forty-first year. Qin returned to us Jiao and Quwo.

Forty-second year. The Nine Cauldrons sank in the Si and went down into the depths.

Forty-third year.

Forty-fourth year.

Forty-fifth year. Chu defeated us at Xiangling.

Forty-sixth year.

Forty-seventh year.

Forty-eighth year. The king ascended on high.

King Shenjing (慎靚王)

First year. The year was xinchou. Qin took our Quwo and Pingzhou.

Second year. King Huicheng of Wei passed away.

Third year. This was the first year of the present king.

Fourth year.

Fifth year.

Sixth year. The Marquis of Zheng sent Han Chen to return Jinyang and Xiang. In the second month Yang and Xiang were walled, and the name of Yang was changed to Heyong and that of Xiang to Gaoping.

King Yin (隱王)

First year. The year was dingwei. In the tenth month King Xuan of Zheng came to court. Zizhi of Yan set upon Prince Ping and failed to kill him. A Qi army killed Zizhi and made his body into pickled flesh.

Second year. In Qi the earth swelled, more than a zhang in length and a chi in height. Wei made Zhang Yi (張儀) chancellor.

Third year. Han Ming led an army and attacked Xiangqiu. The king of Qin came to see us at the Pufan Pass. In the fourth month the king of Yue sent Gongshi Yu to present three hundred boats, five million arrows, and rhinoceros horn and elephant tusks. In the fifth month Zhang Yi died.

Fourth year. Zhai Zhang attacked Wei (衛). Wei defeated the Zhao general Han Ju.

Fifth year. The Luo entered Chengzhou, and the mountain waters came out in flood.

Sixth year. In the tenth month there were great and prolonged rains and violent winds, and the waters of the Yellow River reached Suanzao. Shu Zhang of Chu led an army to join us and halted at Xiangqiu.

Seventh year. Zhai Zhang relieved Zheng and halted at Nanqu.

Eighth year. Gongsun Yuan of Qin led an army and attacked our Pishi; Zhai Zhang led an army and relieved the siege of Pishi. There was a violent west wind.

Ninth year. Pishi was walled.

Tenth year.

Eleventh year.

Twelfth year. Qin stormed our Pufan, Jinyang, and Fenggu.

Thirteenth year. Handan ordered its officers, grandees, and their bondservants to move to Jiuyuan; the generals, the grandees, the principal sons, and the scribes of Dai all wore sable dress.

Fourteenth year.

Fifteenth year. The Marquis of Xue came to meet the king at Fuqiu. Chu entered Yongshi, and the men of Chu were defeated.

Sixteenth year. The king met the king of Qi in Han. The reign of the present king ended in the twentieth year.

Colophon

This translation was prepared for the Chinese shelf of the Good Works Library and made independently from the classical Chinese printed below. The annalistic form of the source is kept throughout: each regnal year stands as its own line or short paragraph, in the order the received text carries it, with each reign headed by the ruler's name as the source itself divides them. Where the source carries its own interlinear notes — parenthetical asides that gloss a name, cross-reference the Shangshu, or give a count of years and kings — these are kept as parenthetical notes in the translation, following the source.

No live search for prior translations could be made when this file was prepared; what follows is the limit of our present knowledge. The Bamboo Annals has been translated into English before: James Legge rendered it in the prolegomena to The Shoo King (1865), and David S. Nivison's The Riddle of the Bamboo Annals (2009) also translates it in the course of examining its chronology. Both are named here as controls in existence; neither was fetched or consulted, and this translation was made independently from the Chinese. No claim of firstness is made.

On terms and names: 陟 is rendered ascended and 薨 passed away, following the rank of the ruler as the source distinguishes it. State names repeated across dynasties are kept apart in English where the source itself risks confusion, among them Wei (魏), the Warring States kingdom whose annals close the text, and Wei (衛), the older feudal state.

Prepared for the Good Work Library by the Tianmu Anglican Church with AI-assisted translation and editorial work.

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Source Text: 今本竹書紀年

Classical Chinese text in the Chinese Wikisource transcription. Presented complete for reference, study, and verification alongside the English translation above.

五帝紀

黃帝軒轅氏

母曰附寶，見大電繞北斗樞星，光照郊野，感而孕二十五月而生帝於壽丘。弱而能言，龍顏，有聖德，劾百神，朝而使之。應龍攻蚩尤，戰虎豹熊羆四獸之力。以女魃止淫雨。天下既定，聖德光被，羣瑞畢臻。有屈軼之草生於庭，佞人入朝，則草指之，是以佞人不敢進。

元年，帝即位，居有熊。初制冕服。

二十年，景雲見。以雲紀官。

有景雲之瑞。赤方氣與青方氣相連，赤方中有兩星，青方中有一星，凡三星，皆黃色，以天清明時見於攝提，名曰景星。帝黃服齋於宮中坐，於玄扈、洛水之上，有鳳凰集。不食生蟲，不履生草，或止帝之東園，或巢於阿閣，或鳴於庭，其雄自歌，其雌自舞。麒麟在囿，神鳥來儀。有大螻如羊，大螾如虹。帝以土氣勝，遂以土德王。

五十年秋七月庚申，鳳鳥至，帝祭於洛水。

庚申，天霧三日三夜，晝昏。帝問天老、力牧、容成曰:「於公何如？」天老曰:「臣聞之，國安，其主好文，則鳳凰居之。國亂，其主好武，則鳳凰去之。今鳳凰翔於東郊而樂之，其鳴音中夷，則與天相副，以是觀之天。有嚴教以賜帝，帝勿犯也。」召史卜之，龜燋。史曰:「臣不能占也，其問之聖人。」帝曰:「已問天老、力牧、容成矣。」史北面再拜曰:「龜不違聖智，故燋。」霧既降，游於洛水之上，見大魚，殺五牲以醮之，天乃甚雨，七日七夜，魚流於海，得圖書焉。《龍圖》出河，《龜書》出洛，赤文篆字，以授軒轅。接萬神於明庭，今塞門谷口是也。

五十九年，貫胸氏來賓，長股氏來賓。

七十七年，昌意降居若水，產帝乾荒。

一百年，地裂。帝陟。

帝王之崩皆曰陟，《書》稱「新陟王」，謂新崩也。帝以土德王，應地裂而陟。葬，羣臣有左徹者，感思帝德，取衣冠几杖而廟饗之，諸侯大夫歲時朝焉。

帝摯少昊氏

約案︰帝摯少昊氏，母曰女節，見星如虹，下流華渚，既而夢接，意感，生少昊。登帝位，有鳳皇之瑞。或曰名清，不居帝位，帥鳥師，居西方，以鳥紀官。

帝顓頊高陽氏

母曰女樞，見瑤光之星，貫月如虹，感己於幽房之宮，生顓頊於若水。首戴干戈，有聖德。生十年而佐少昊氏，二十而登帝位。

元年，帝即位，居濮。

十三年，初作歷象。

二十一年，作《承雲》之樂。

三十年，帝產伯鯀，居天穆之陽。

七十八年，帝陟。術器作亂，辛侯滅之。

帝嚳高辛氏

生而駢齒，有聖德，初封辛侯，代高陽氏王天下。使鼓人拊鞞鼓，擊鐘磬，鳳皇鼓翼而舞。

元年，帝即位，居亳。

十六年，帝使重帥師滅有鄶。

四十五年，帝錫唐侯命。

六十三年，陟。

帝子摯，立九年而廢。

帝堯陶唐氏

母曰慶都，生於斗維之野，常有黃雲覆其上。及長，觀於三河，常有龍隨之。一旦，龍負圖而至，其文要曰：「亦受天祐。」眉八，采鬚，髮長七尺二寸，面銳，上豐，下足履。翼宿既而陰風，四合赤龍。感之，孕十。四月而生堯於丹陵，其狀如圖。及長，身長十尺，有聖德，封於唐。夢攀天而上。高辛氏衰，天下歸之。

元年丙子，帝即位，居冀。命羲和歷象。

五年，初巡狩四岳。

七年，有麟。

十二年，初治兵。

十六年，渠搜氏來賓。

十九年，命共工治河。

二十九年春，僬僥氏來朝，貢沒羽。

四十二年，景星出于翼。

五十年，帝游于首山。乘素車玄駒。

五十三年，帝祭于洛。

五十八年，帝使后稷放帝子朱于丹水。

六十一年，命崇伯鯀治河。

六十九年，黜崇伯鯀。

七十年春正月，帝使四岳錫虞舜命。

帝在位七十年，景星出翼，鳳皇在庭，朱草生，嘉禾秀，甘露潤，醴泉出，日月如合璧，五星如連珠。廚中自生肉，其薄如箑，搖動則風生，食物寒而不臭，名曰「箑脯」。又有草莢階而生，月朔始生一莢，月半而生十五莢，十六日以後日落一莢，及晦而盡，月小則一莢焦而不落，名曰「蓂莢」，一曰「歷莢」。洪水既平，歸功於舜，將以天下禪之，乃潔齋修壇場於河、洛，擇良日，率舜等升首山，遵河渚。有五老游焉，蓋五星之精也。相謂曰:「《河圖》將來告帝以期，知我者重瞳黃姚。」五老因飛為流星，上入昴。二月辛丑昧明，禮備，至於日昃，榮光出河，休氣四塞，白雲起，回風搖，乃有龍馬銜甲，赤文綠色，緣壇而上，吐《甲圖》而去。甲似龜，背廣九尺，其圖以白玉為檢，赤玉為柙，泥以黃金，約以青繩。檢文曰:「闓色授帝舜。」言虞夏當受天命，帝乃寫其言，藏於東序。後二年二月仲辛，率羣臣東沈璧於洛。禮畢，退俟，至於下昃，赤光起，元龜負書而出，背甲赤文成字，止于壇。其書言當禪舜，遂讓舜。

七十一年，帝命二女嬪于舜。

七十三年春正月，舜受終于文祖。

七十四年，虞舜初巡狩四岳。

七十五年，司空禹治河。

七十六年，司空伐曹魏之戎，克之。

八十六年，司空入覲，贄用玄圭。

八十七年，初建十有二州。

八十九年，作游宮于陶。

九十年，帝游居于陶。

九十七年，司空巡十有二州。

一百年，帝陟于陶。

帝子丹朱避舜於房陵，舜讓，不克。朱遂封於房，為虞賓。三年，舜即天子之位。

帝舜有虞氏

母曰握登，見大虹意感，而生舜於姚墟。目重瞳子，故名重華。龍顏大口，黑色，身長六尺一寸。舜父母憎舜，使其塗廩，自下焚之，舜服鳥工衣服飛去。又使浚井，自上填之以石，舜服龍工衣自傍而出。耕於歷，夢眉長與髮等，遂登庸。

元年己未，帝即位，居冀。作《大韶》之樂。

即帝位，蓂莢生於階，鳳皇巢於庭，擊石拊石，以歌九韶，百獸率舞，景星出於房，地出乘黃之馬。

三年，命咎陶作刑。

九年，西王母來朝。

西王母之來朝，獻白環、玉玦。

十四年，卿雲見，命禹代虞事。

在位十有四年，奏鐘石笙筦未罷，而天大雷雨，疾風發屋拔木，桴鼓播地，鐘磬亂行，舞人頓伏，樂正狂走。舜乃擁璿持衡而笑曰：「明哉，天下非一人之天下也，亦乃見於鐘石笙筦乎。」乃薦禹於天，使行天子事也。於是和氣普應，慶雲興焉，若煙非煙，若雲非雲，鬱鬱紛紛，蕭索輪囷，百工相和而歌《卿雲》。帝乃倡之曰：「慶雲爛兮，糺縵縵兮，日月光華，旦復旦兮。」羣臣咸進，頓首曰：「明明上天，爛然星陳。日月光華，弘于一人。」帝乃再歌曰：「日月有常，星辰有行。四時從經，萬姓允誠。於予論樂，配天之靈。遷于聖賢，莫不咸聽。鼚乎鼓之，軒乎舞之。精華已竭，褰裳去之。」於是八風循通，慶雲叢集，蟠龍奮迅於其藏，蛟魚踴躍於其淵，龜鱉咸出其穴，遷虞而事夏。舜乃設壇於河，依堯故事。至於下昃，榮光休氣至，黃龍負圖，長三十二尺，廣九尺，出於壇畔，赤文綠錯，其文言當禪禹。

十五年，帝命夏后有事于太室。

十七年春二月，入學初用萬。

二十五年，息慎氏來朝貢弓矢。

二十九年，帝命子義鈞封于商。

三十年，葬后育于渭。

三十二年，帝命夏后總師。遂陟方岳。

三十三年春正月，夏后受命于神宗。遂復九州。

三十五年，帝命夏后征有苗，有苗氏來朝。

四十二年，玄都氏來朝，貢寶玉。

四十七年冬，隕霜，不殺草木。

四十九年，帝居于鳴條。

五十年，帝陟。

義鈞封於商，是謂商均。后育，娥皇也。鳴條有蒼梧之山，帝崩，遂葬焉，今海州。

夏紀

帝禹夏后氏

母曰修己，出行，見流星貫昴，夢接，意感。既而吞神珠，修己背剖。而生禹於石紐，虎鼻、大口、兩耳參鏤，首戴鉤鈴，胸有玉斗，足文履。已故名文命。長有聖德。長九尺九寸。夢自洗於河，取水飲之。又有白狐九尾之瑞。當堯之時，舜舉之。禹觀於河，有長人白面。魚身出，曰：「吾河精也。」呼禹曰：「文命治水。」言訖，授禹《河圖》，言治水之事，乃退入於淵。禹治水既畢，天錫玄珪，以告成功。夏道將興，草木暢茂，青龍止於郊，祝融之神降於崇山。乃受舜禪，即天子之位。洛出龜書，是為《洪範》。

元年

壬子，帝即位，居冀。頒夏時於邦國。

二年

咎陶薨。

五年

巡狩，會諸侯於塗山。

南巡狩，濟、江，中流有二黃龍負舟，舟人皆懼。禹笑曰：「吾受命於天，屈力以養人。生，性也；死，命也。奚憂龍哉。」龍於是曳尾而逝。

八年

春，會諸侯于會稽，殺防風氏。夏六月，雨，金于夏邑。秋八月，帝陟於會稽。

禹立四十五年。

啟

元年

癸亥，帝即位於夏邑。大饗諸侯於鈞臺。

諸侯從帝歸於冀都。大饗諸侯於璇臺。

二年

費侯伯益出就國。王帥師伐有扈，大戰於甘。

六年

伯益薨，祠之。

八年

帝使孟塗如巴涖訟。

十年

帝巡狩，舞《九韶》於大穆之野。

十一年

放王季子武觀於西河。

十五年

武觀以西河叛。彭伯壽帥師征西河，武觀來歸。

十六年

陟。

太康

元年

癸未，帝即位，居斟尋。畋於洛表。羿入居斟尋。

四年

陟。

仲康

元年

己丑，帝即位，居斟尋。

五年

秋九月庚戌朔，日有食之。命胤侯帥師征羲和。

六年

錫昆吾命作伯。

七年

陟。

世子相出居商丘，依邳侯。

相

元年

戊戌，帝即位，居商。征淮夷。

二年

征風及黃夷。

七年

於夷來賓。

八年

寒浞殺羿，使其子澆居過。

九年

相居於斟灌。

十五年

商侯相土作乘馬。遂遷於商丘。

二十年

寒浞滅戈。

二十六年

寒浞使其子帥師滅斟灌。

二十七年

澆伐斟鄩，大戰於濰，覆其舟，滅之。

二十八年

寒浞使其子澆弒帝，后緡歸於有仍。

伯靡出奔鬲。

斟灌之墟，是為帝丘。后緡方娠，逃出自竇，歸於有仍。

夏世子少康生。

少康自有仍奔虞。

伯靡自鬲帥斟鄩、斟灌之師以伐浞。世子少康使汝艾伐過殺澆。伯子杼帥師滅戈。伯靡殺寒浞。少康自綸歸於夏邑。

明年，后緡生少康。既長，為仍牧正，惎澆，能戒之。澆使椒求之，將至仍，少康逃奔有虞，為之庖正，以除其害。虞思於是妻之以二姚，而邑諸綸。有田一成，有眾一旅，能布其德，而兆其謀，以收夏眾，撫其官職。夏之遺臣伯靡，自有鬲氏收二斟以伐浞。浞恃澆皆康娛，日忘其惡而不為備。少康使汝艾諜澆。初，浞娶純狐氏，有子早死，其婦曰女歧，寡居。澆強圉，往至其戶，陽有所求。女歧為之縫裳，共舍而宿。汝艾夜使人襲斷其首，乃女歧也。澆既多力，又善走，艾乃畋獵，放犬逐獸，因嗾澆顛隕，乃斬澆以歸於少康。於是，夏眾滅浞，奉少康歸於夏邑。諸侯始聞之，立為天子，祀夏配天，不失舊物。

少康

元年

丙午，帝即位，諸侯來朝，賓虞公。

二年

方夷來賓。

三年

復田稷。

后稷之後不窋失官，至是而復。

十一年

使商侯冥治河。

十八年

遷於原。

二十一年

陟。

杼

元年

己巳，帝即位，居原。

五年

自原遷於老丘。

八年

征于東海及三壽，得一狐九尾。

十三年

商侯冥死於河。

十七年

陟。

杼或作帝宁，一曰伯杼。杼能帥禹者也，故夏后氏報焉。

芬

元年

戊子，帝即位。

三年

九夷來御。

十六年

洛伯用與河伯馮夷斗。

三十三年

封昆吾氏子於有蘇。

三十六年

作圜土。

四十四年

陟。

芬或曰芬發。

芒

元年

壬申，帝即位，以玄珪賓於河。

十三年

東狩于海，獲大魚。

三十三年

商侯遷於殷。

五十八年

陟。

芒或曰帝荒。

泄

元年

辛未，帝即位。

十二年

殷侯子亥賓於有易，有易殺而放之。

十六年

殷侯微以河伯之師伐有易，殺其君綿臣。

殷侯子亥賓於有易而淫焉。有易之君綿臣殺而放之。故殷上甲微假師於河伯，以伐有易，滅之，遂殺其君綿臣。中葉衰而上甲微復興，故商人報焉。

二十一年

命畎夷、白夷、玄夷、風夷、赤夷、黃夷。

二十五年

陟。

不降

元年

己亥，帝即位。

六年

伐九苑。

三十五年

殷滅皮氏。

五十九年

遜位於弟扃。

扃

元年

戊戌，帝即位。

十年

帝不降陟。

十八年

陟。

廑

一名胤甲。

元年

己未，帝即位，居西河。

四年

作《西音》。昆吾氏遷於許。

八年

天有祅孽，十日並出，其年陟。

孔甲

元年

乙巳，帝即位，居西河。廢豕韋氏，使劉累豢龍。

三年

王畋於萯山。

五年

作《東音》。

七年

劉累遷於魯陽。

王好事鬼神，肆行淫亂，諸侯化之，夏政始衰。田於東陽，萯山天大風，晦盲，孔甲迷惑，入於民室，主人方乳，或曰：「後來見良日也，之子必大吉。」或又曰：「不勝也，之子必有殃。」孔甲聞之曰：「以為余一人子，夫誰殃之。」乃取其子以歸。既長，為斧，所戕，乃作《破斧》之歌，是為《東音》。劉累所畜龍一雌死，潛醢以食夏后，夏后饗之，既而使求之，懼而遷於魯陽，其後為范氏。

九年

陟。殷侯復歸於商丘。

昊

昊一作皋。

元年

庚辰，帝即位。使豕韋氏復國。

三年

陟。

發

一名后敬，或曰發惠。

元年

乙酉，帝即位。諸侯賓於王門，再保墉會於上池，諸夷入舞。

七年

陟。泰山震。

癸

一名桀。

元年

壬辰，帝即位，居斟鄩。

三年

築傾宮。毀容台。畎夷入於岐以叛。

六年

歧踵戎來賓。

十年

五星錯行，夜中，星隕如雨。地震。伊、洛竭

十一年

會諸侯於仍，有緡氏逃歸，遂滅有緡。

十三年

遷於河南。初作輦。

十四年

扁帥師伐岷山。

癸命扁伐山民，山民女於桀二人，曰琬，曰琰。后愛二人，女無子焉，斫其名於苕華之玉。苕是琬，華是琰，而棄其元妃於洛，曰妹喜，於傾宮飾瑤台居之。

十五年

商侯履遷於亳。

十七年

商使伊尹來朝。

二十年

伊尹歸於商及汝鳩、汝方，會於北門。

二十一年

商師征有洛，克之。遂征荊，荊降。

二十二年

商侯履來朝，命囚履於夏台。

二十三年

釋商侯履，諸侯遂賓于商。

二十六年

商滅溫。

二十八年

昆吾氏伐商。商會諸侯於景亳。遂征韋，商師取韋，遂征顧。太史令終古出奔商。

二十九年

商師取顧。三日並出。費伯昌出奔商。冬十月，鑿山穿陵，以通於河。

三十年

瞿山崩。商師征昆吾。冬，聆隧災。

三十一年

商自陑征夏邑。克昆吾。大雷雨，戰於鳴條。夏師敗績，桀出奔三朡，商師征三朡。戰於郕。獲桀於焦門。放之於南巢。

自禹至桀十七世，有王與無王，用歲四百七十一年。

殷紀

湯

名履。湯有七名而九征。放桀於南巢而還，諸侯八譯而朝者千八百國，奇肱氏以車至，乃同尊天乙履為天子，三讓，遂即天子之位。初，高辛氏之世妃曰簡狄，以春分玄鳥至之日，從帝祀郊禖，與其妹浴於玄丘之水。有玄鳥銜卵而墜之，五色甚好，二人競取，覆以玉筐。簡狄先得而吞之，遂孕。胸剖而生契。長為堯司徒，成功於民，受封於商。后十三世，生主癸。主癸之妃曰扶都，見白氣貫月，意感，以乙日生湯，號天乙。豐下銳上，皙而有髯，句身而揚聲，長九尺，臂有四肘，是為成湯。湯在亳，能修其德。伊摯將應湯命，夢乘船過日月之傍，湯乃東至於洛，觀帝堯之壇，沈璧退立，黃魚雙踴，黑鳥隨之止於壇，化為黑玉。又有黑龜，並赤文成字，言夏桀無道，成湯遂當代之。檮杌之神，見於邳山。有神牽白狼銜鉤而入商朝。金德將盛，銀自山溢。湯將奉天命放桀，夢及天而舐之，遂有天下。商人後改天下之號曰殷。

十八年

癸亥，王即位，居亳。始屋夏社。

十九年

大旱。氏、羗来賓。

二十年

大旱。夏桀卒于亭山。禁弦歌舞。

二十一年

大旱。 鑄金幣。

二十二年

大旱。

二十三年

大旱。

二十四年

大旱。 王禱於桑林，雨。

二十五年

作《大濩》樂。

初巡狩，定獻令。

二十七年

遷九鼎於商邑。

二十九年

陟。

外丙

名勝。

元年

乙亥，王即位，居亳。命卿士伊尹。

二年

陟。

仲壬

名庸。

元年

丁丑，王即位，居亳，命卿士伊尹。

四年

陟。

太甲

名至。

元年

辛巳，王即位，居亳，命卿士伊尹。

伊尹放太甲于桐，乃自立。〔約按：伊尹自立，蓋誤以攝政為真爾。〕

七年

王潛出自桐，殺伊尹，天大霧三日，乃立其子伊陟、伊奮，命復其父之田宅而中分之。〔約按：此文與前後不類，蓋後世所益。〕

十年

大饗于太廟。初祀方明。

十二年

陟。

沃丁

名絢。

元年

癸巳，王即位，居亳。命卿士咎單。

八年

祠保衡。

十九年

陟。

小庚

名辨。

元年

壬子，王即位，居亳。

五年

陟。

小甲

名高。

元年

丁巳，王即位，居亳。

十七年

陟。

雍己

名伷。

元年

甲戌，王即位，居亳。

十二年

陟。

太戊

名密。

元年

丙戌，王即位，居亳。

命卿士伊陟、臣扈。

七年

有桑谷生於朝。

十一年

命巫咸禱於山川。

二十六年

西戎來賓，王使王孟聘西戎。

三十一年

命費侯中衍為車正。

三十五年

作寅車。

四十六年

大有年。

五十八年

城蒲姑。

六十一年

東九夷來賓。

七十五年

陟。

大戊遇祥桑，側身修行。三年之後，遠方慕明德，重譯而至者七十六國。商道復興，廟為中宗。

仲丁

名莊。

元年

辛丑，王即位，自亳遷於囂，於河上。

六年

征藍夷。

九年

陟。

外壬

名發。

元年

庚戌，王即位，居囂。邳人、姺人叛。

十年

陟。

河亶甲

名整。

元年

庚申，王即位，自囂遷於相。

三年

彭伯克邳。

四年

征藍夷。

五年

侁人入於班方。彭伯、韋伯伐班方，侁人來賓。

九年

陟。

祖乙

名滕。

元年

己巳，王即位，自相遷於耿。命彭伯、韋伯。

二年

圮於耿。 自耿遷於庇。

三年

命卿士巫賢。

八年

城庇。

十五年

命邠侯高圉。

十九年

陟。

祖乙之世，商道復興，廟為中宗。

祖辛

名旦。

元年

戊子，王即位，居庇。

十四年

陟。

開甲

名踰。

元年

壬寅，王即位，居庇。

五年

陟。

祖丁

名新。

元年

丁未，王即位，居庇。

九年

陟。

南庚

名更。

元年

丙辰，王即位，居庇。

三年

遷於奄。

六年

陟。

陽甲

一名和甲。名和。

元年

壬戌，王即位，居奄。

三年

西征丹山戎。

四年

陟。

盤庚

名旬。

元年

丙寅，王即位，居奄。

七年

應侯來朝。

十四年

自奄遷於北蒙，曰殷。

十五年

營殷邑。

十九年

命邠侯亞圉。

二十八年

陟。

小辛

名頌。

元年

甲午，王即位，居殷。

三年

陟。

小乙

名斂。

元年

丁酉，王即位，居殷。

六年

命世子武丁居於河，學於甘盤。

十年

陟。

武丁

名昭。

元年

丁未，王即位，居殷。命卿士甘盤〔《書·君奭》：「在武丁時則有若甘盤。」〕。

三年

夢求傅說，得之。

六年

命卿士傅說。視學養老。

十二年

報祀上甲微。

二十五年

王子孝己卒於野。

二十九年

肜祭太廟，有雉來。

三十二年

伐鬼方。 次於荊。

三十四年

王師克鬼方。氐、羌來賓。

四十三年

王師滅大彭。

五十年

征豕韋，克之。

五十九年

陟。

王，殷之大仁也。力行王道，不敢荒寧，嘉靖殷邦，至於小大，無時或怨。 是時輿地東不過江黃，西不過氐、羌，南不過荊蠻，北不過朔方，而頌聲作。 禮廢而復起，廟為高宗。

祖庚

名曜。

元年

丙午，王即位，居殷，作《高宗之訓》。

十一年

陟。

祖甲

名載。

元年

丁巳，王即位，居殷。

十二年

征西戎。 冬，王返自西戎。

十三年

西戎來賓。 命邠侯組紺。

二十四年

重作湯刑。

二十七年

命王子囂、王子良。

三十三年

陟。

王舊在野，及即位，知小人之依，能保惠庶民，不侮鰥寡。迨其末也，繁刑以攜遠，殷道復衰。

廩辛

名先。

元年

庚寅，王即位，居殷。

四年

陟。

庚丁

名囂。

元年

甲午，王即位，居殷。

八年

陟。

武乙

名瞿。

元年

壬寅，王即位，居殷。邠遷於岐周。

三年

自殷遷於河北。命周公亶父賜以岐邑。

十五年

自河北遷於沬。

二十一年

周公亶父薨。

二十四年

周師伐程，戰於畢，克之。

三十年

周師伐義渠，乃獲其君以歸。

三十四年

周公季歷來朝，王賜地三十里，玉十玨， 馬十匹。

三十五年

周公季歷伐西落鬼戎。王畋於河、渭，暴雷震死。

文丁

名托。

元年

丁丑，王即位，居殷。

二年

周公季歷伐燕京之戎，敗績。

三年

洹水一日三絕。

四年

周公季歷伐余無之戎，克之，命為牧師。

五年

周作程邑。

七年

周公季歷伐始呼之戎，克之。

十一年

周公季歷伐翳徒之戎，獲其三大夫，來獻捷。王殺季歷。

王嘉季歷之功，錫之圭瓚、秬鬯，九命為伯，既而執諸塞 庫。季歷困而死，因謂文丁殺季歷。

十二年

有鳳集於岐山。

十三年

陟。

帝乙

名羡。

元年

庚寅，王即位，居殷。

三年

王命南仲西拒昆夷，城朔方。夏六月，周地震。

九年

陟。

帝辛

名受。

元年

己亥，王即位，居殷。命九侯、周侯、邘侯。

三年

有雀生鸇。

四年

大搜于黎。作炮烙之刑。

五年

夏，築南單之台。雨土於亳。

六年

西伯初禴於畢。

九年

王師伐有蘇，獲妲己以歸。作瓊室，立玉門。

十年

夏六月，王畋於西郊。

十七年

西伯伐翟。冬，王游於淇。

二十一年

春正月，諸侯朝周。伯夷、叔齊自孤竹歸於周。

二十二年

冬，大搜於渭。

二十三年

囚西伯於羑里。

二十九年

釋西伯，諸侯逆西伯，歸於程。

三十年

春三月，西伯率諸侯入貢。

三十一年

西伯治兵於畢，得呂尚以為師。

三十二年

五星聚于房。有赤烏集於周社。密人侵阮，西伯帥師伐密。

三十三年

密人降於周師，遂遷於程。王錫命西伯，得專征伐。

文王受命九年，大統未集，蓋得專征伐，受命 自此年始。

三十四年

周師取耆及邘，遂伐崇，崇人降。冬十二月，昆夷侵周。

三十五年

周大飢。西伯自程遷於豐。

三十六年

春正月，諸侯朝於周，遂伐昆夷。 西伯使世子發營鎬。

三十七年

周作辟雍。

三十九年

大夫辛甲出奔周。

四十年

周作靈台。王使膠鬲求玉於周。

四十一年

春三月，西伯昌薨。

四十二年

西伯發受丹書於呂尚。有女子化為丈夫。

四十三年

春，大閱。 嶢山崩。

四十四年

西伯發伐黎。〔《尚書/西伯戡黎〕

四十七年

內史向摯出奔周。

四十八年

夷羊見。

五十一年

冬十一月戊子，周師渡盟津而還。王囚箕子，殺王子比干，微子出奔。

五十二年

庚寅，周始伐殷。 秋，周師次於鮮原。 冬十有二月，周師有事于上帝。庸、蜀、羌、髳、微 、盧、彭、濮從周師伐殷。

湯滅夏以至於受，二十九王，用歲四百九十六年。

周紀

武王

名發。初，高辛氏之世妃曰姜嫄，助祭郊禖，見大人跡履之，當時歆如有人道感己，遂有身而生男。以為不祥，棄之阨巷，羊牛避而不踐；又送之山林之中，會伐林者薦覆之；又取而置寒冰上，大鳥以一翼籍覆之。姜嫄以為異，乃收養焉，名之曰棄。枝頤有異相。長為堯稷官，有功於民。后稷之孫曰公劉，有德，諸侯皆以天子之禮待之。初，黃帝之世讖言曰：「西北為王，期在甲子，昌制命，發行誅，旦行道。」及公劉之後，十三世而生季曆。季曆之十年，飛龍盈于殷之牧野，此蓋聖人在下位將起之符也。季曆之妃曰太任，夢長人感己，溲於豕牢而生昌，是為周文王。龍顏虎肩，身長十尺，胸有四乳。太王曰：「吾世當有興者，其在昌乎！」季曆之兄曰太伯，知天命在昌，適越，終身不反，弟仲雍從之，故季曆為嗣以及昌。昌為西伯，作邑于豐。文王之妃曰太姒，夢商庭生棘，太子發植梓樹于闕間，化為松柏棫柞。以告文王，文王幣率群臣，與發並拜吉夢。季秋之甲子，赤爵銜書及豐，置於昌戶。昌拜稽首受，其文要曰：「姬昌蒼帝子，亡殷者紂王。」將畋，史編卜之曰：「將大獲，非熊非羆，天遣太師以佐昌。臣太祖史疇為禹卜畋，得皋陶，其兆類此。」至於磻溪之水，呂尚釣于涯，王下趨拜曰：「望公七年，乃今見光景於斯。」尚立變名答曰：「望釣得玉璜，其文要曰：『姬受命，昌來提，撰爾洛鈐報在齊。』」尚出遊，見赤人自洛出，授尚書：「命曰呂，佐昌者子。」文王夢日月著其身，又鸑鷟鳴於岐山。孟春六旬，五緯聚房。後有鳳皇銜書，游文王之都。書又曰：「殷帝無道，虐亂天下。星命已移，不得複久。靈祇遠離，百神吹去。五星聚房，昭理四海。」文王既沒，太子發代立，是為武王。武王駢齒望羊。將伐紂，至於孟津，八百諸侯，不期而會，咸曰：「紂可伐矣。」武王不從。及紂殺比干，囚箕子，微子去之，乃伐紂。渡孟津，中流，白魚躍入王舟。王俯取魚，長三尺，目下有赤文成字，言紂可伐。王寫以世字，魚文消。燔魚以告天。有火自天止于王屋，流為赤烏，烏銜穀焉。谷者，紀后稷之德；火者，燔魚以告天，天火流下，應以吉也。遂東伐紂，勝於牧野，兵不血刃，而天下歸之。乃封呂尚于齊。周德既隆，草木茂盛，蒿堪為宮室，因名蒿室。既有天下，遂都於鎬。

十二年

十二年辛卯，王率西夷諸侯伐殷，敗之於坶野。王親禽受于南單之台，遂分天之明。立受子祿父，是為武庚。

夏四月，王歸於豐，饗於太廟。命監殷。遂狩于管。作《大武》樂。

十三年

巢伯來賓。薦殷於大廟。遂大封諸侯。

秋，大有年。

十四年

王有疾，周文公禱於壇墠，作《金縢》。

十五年

肅慎氏來賓。初狩方岳，誥於沫邑。

冬，遷九鼎於洛。

十六年

箕子來朝。

秋，王師滅蒲姑。

十七年

命王世子誦於東宮。

冬十有二月，王陟，年五十四。

成王

名誦。

元年

丁酉春正月，王即位，命塚宰周文公總百官。庚午，周公誥諸侯於皇門。夏六月，葬武王於畢。秋，王加元服。武庚以殷叛。周文公出居於東。

二年

奄人、徐人及淮夷入於邶以叛。秋，大雷電以風，王逆周文公於郊。遂伐殷。

三年

王師滅殷，殺武庚祿父。遷殷民於衛。遂伐奄，滅蒲姑。

四年

春正月，初朝於廟。夏四月，初嘗麥。王師伐淮夷，遂入奄。

五年

春正月，王在奄，遷其君于蒲姑。夏五月，王至自奄。遷殷民於洛邑，遂營成周。

六年

大蒐于岐陽。

七年

周公複政于王。春二月，王如豐。三月，召康公如洛度邑。甲子，周文公誥多士於成周，遂城東都。王如東都，諸侯來朝。冬，王歸自東都。立高圉廟。

八年

春正月，王初蒞阼親政。命魯侯禽父、齊侯伋遷庶殷於魯。作《象舞》。冬十月，王師滅唐，遷其民於杜。

九年

春正月，有事於太廟，初用《勺》。肅慎氏來朝，王使榮伯錫肅慎氏命。

十年

王命唐叔虞為侯。越裳氏來朝。周文公出居於豐。

十一年

春正月，王如豐。唐叔獻嘉禾，王命唐叔歸禾於周文公。王命周平公治東都。（约案：周平公即君陈，周公之子，伯禽之弟。）

十二年

王帥、燕師城韓。王錫韓侯命。

十三年

王師會齊侯、魯侯伐戎。夏六月，魯大禘於周公廟。

十四年

秦師圍曲城，克之。冬，洛邑告成。

十八年

春正月，王如洛邑定鼎。鳳凰見，遂有事於河。

武王沒，成王少，周公旦攝政七年。制禮作樂，神鳥鳳皇見，蓂莢生，乃與成王觀於河、洛，沈璧。禮畢，王退俟。至於日昃，榮光並出幕河，青雲浮至，青龍臨壇，銜玄甲之圖，坐之而去。禮於洛，亦如之。玄龜青龍蒼光止於壇，背甲刻書，赤文成字，周公援筆以世文寫之。書成文消，龜隨甲而去。其言自周公訖於秦、漢盛衰之符。麒麟游苑，鳳皇翔庭，成王援琴而歌曰：「鳳皇翔兮於紫庭，余何德兮以感靈，賴先王兮恩澤臻，于胥樂兮民以寧。」

十九年

王巡狩侯、甸、方岳，召康公從。歸於宗周，遂正百官。黜豐侯。

二十一年

除治象。周文公薨於豐。

二十二年

葬周文公於畢。

二十四年

於越來賓。

二十五年

王大會諸侯於東都，四夷來賓。冬十月，歸自東都，有事於太廟。

三十年

離戎來賓。（约案：离戎，骊山之戎也，为林氏所伐，告于成王。）

三十三年

王游於卷阿，召康公從。歸於宗周。命王世子釗如房逆女，房伯祈歸於宗周。

三十四年

雨金於咸陽。（约案：咸阳天雨金，三年，国有大丧。）

三十七年

夏四月乙丑，王陟。

康王

名釗。

元年

甲戌春正月，王即位，命塚宰召康公總百官。諸侯朝於豐宮。

三年

定樂歌。吉禘於先王。申戒農官，告於廟。

六年

齊太公薨。

九年

唐遷於晉，作宮而美，王使人讓之。

十二年

夏六月壬申，王如豐，錫畢公命。秋，毛懿公薨。

十六年

錫齊侯伋命。王南巡狩，至九江廬山。

十九年

魯侯禽父薨。

二十一年

魯築茅闕門。

二十四年

召康公薨。

二十六年

秋九月己未，王陟。

昭王

名瑕。

元年

庚子春正月，王即位，複設象魏。

六年

王錫郇伯命。冬十二月，桃李華。

十四年

夏四月，恒星不見。秋七月，魯人弑其君宰。

十六年

伐楚，涉漢，遇大兕。

十九年

春，有星孛於紫微。祭公、辛伯從王伐楚。天大曀，雉兔皆震，喪六師於漢。王陟。

穆王

名滿。

元年

己未春正月，王即位，作昭宮。命辛伯餘靡。冬十月，築祇宮於南鄭。
自武王至穆王，享国百年。穆王以下，都於西鄭。

六年

春，徐子誕來朝，錫命為伯。

八年

春，北唐來賓，獻一驪馬，是生騄耳。

九年

築春宮。

十一年

王命卿士祭公謀父。

十二年

毛公班、共公利、逄公固帥師從王伐犬戎。冬十月，王北巡狩，遂征犬戎。

十三年

春，祭公帥師從王西征，次於陽紆。秋七月，西戎來賓。徐戎侵洛。冬十月，造父禦王，入於宗周。

十四年

王帥楚子伐徐戎，克之。夏四月，王畋於軍丘。五月，作范宮。秋九月，翟人侵畢。冬，蒐於萍澤。作虎牢。

十五年

春正月，留昆氏來賓。作重壁台。冬，王觀於鹽澤。

十六年

霍侯舊薨。王命造父封於趙。

十七年

王西征昆侖丘，見西王母。其年，西王母來朝，賓於昭宮。秋八月，遷戎於太原。
王北征，行流沙千里，積羽千里。征犬戎、取其五王以東。西征，至於青鳥所解。西征還履天下，億有九萬里。

十八年

春正月，王居祇宮，諸侯來朝。

二十一年

祭文公薨。

二十四年

王命左史戎夫作《記》。

三十五年

荊人入徐，毛伯遷帥師敗荊人於泲。

三十七年

大起九師，東至於九江，架黿鼉以為梁。遂伐越，至於紆。荊人來貢。

三十九年

王會諸侯於塗山。

四十五年

魯侯㵒薨。

五十一年

作《呂刑》。命甫侯於豐。

五十五年

王陟於祇宮。

共王

名繄扈。

元年

甲寅春正月，王即位。

四年

王師滅密。

九年

春正月丁亥，王使內史良錫毛伯遷命。

十二年

王陟。

懿王

名堅。

元年

丙寅春正月，王即位。天再旦於鄭。

七年

西戎侵鎬。

十三年

翟人侵岐。

十五年

王自宗周遷於槐裡。

十七年

魯厲公擢薨。

二十一年

虢公帥師北伐犬戎，敗逋。

二十五年

王陟。
懿王之世，興起無節，號令不時，挈壺氏不能共其職，於是諸侯攜德。

孝王

名辟方。

元年

辛卯春正月，王即位。命申侯伐西戎。

五年

西戎來獻馬。

七年

冬，大雨電，江、漢水。

八年

初牧於汧、渭。

九年

王陟。

夷王

名燮。

元年

庚子春正月，王即位。

二年

蜀人、呂人來獻瓊玉，賓於河，用介圭。

三年

王致諸侯，烹齊哀公於鼎。

六年

王獵於社林，獲犀牛一以歸。

七年

虢公帥師伐太原之戎，至於俞泉，獲馬千匹。冬，雨雹，大如礪。楚子熊渠代庸，至於鄂。

八年

王有疾，諸侯祈於山川。王陟。

厲王

名胡。

元年

戊申春正月，王即位，作夷宮。命卿士榮夷公落。楚人來獻龜貝。

三年

淮夷侵洛，王命虢公長父伐之，不克。齊獻公山薨。

六年

楚子延卒。

八年

初監謗。苪伯良夫戒百官於朝。

十一年

西戎入於犬丘。

十二年

王亡奔彘。國人圍王宮，執召穆公之子殺之。

十三年

王在彘，共伯和攝行天子事。

十四年

獫狁侵宗周西鄙。召穆公帥師追荊蠻，至於洛。

十六年

蔡武侯薨。楚子勇卒。

十九年

曹夷伯薨。

二十二年

大旱。陳幽公薨。

二十三年

大旱。宋僖公薨。

二十四年

大旱。杞武公薨。

二十五年

大旱。楚子嚴卒。

二十六年

大旱，王陟於彘。周定公、召穆公立太子靖為王。共伯和歸其國，遂大雨。
大旱既久，廬舍俱焚，會汾王崩，卜於大陽，兆曰厲王為祟。周公、召公乃立太子靖，共和遂歸國。和有至德，尊之不喜，廢之不怒，逍遙得志於共山之首。

宣王

名靖。

元年

甲戍春正月，王即位，周定公、召穆公輔政。複田賦。作《戎車》。燕惠侯薨。

二年

錫大師皇父、司馬休父命。魯慎公薨。曹公子蘇弑其君幽伯疆。

三年

王命大夫仲伐西戎。齊武公壽薨。

四年

王命蹶父如韓，韓侯來朝。

五年

夏六月，尹吉甫帥師伐獫狁，至於太原。秋八月，方叔帥師伐荊蠻。

六年

召穆公帥師伐淮夷。王帥師伐徐戎，皇父、休父從王伐徐戎，次於淮。王歸自伐徐。錫召穆公命。西戎殺秦仲。楚子霜卒。

七年

王錫申伯命。王命樊侯仲山甫城齊。

八年

初考室。魯武公來朝，錫魯世子戲命。

九年

王會諸侯於東都，遂守於甫。

十二年

魯武公薨。齊人弑其君厲公無忌，立公子赤。

十五年

衛厘侯薨。王錫虢文公命。

十六年

晉遷於絳。

十八年

蔡夷侯薨。

二十一年

魯公子伯禦弑其君懿公戲。

二十二年

王錫王子多父命居洛。

二十四年

齊文公赤薨。

二十五年

大旱，王禱於郊廟，遂雨。

二十七年

宋惠公覸薨。

二十八年

楚子狥卒。

二十九年

初不藉千畝。

三十年

有兔舞於鎬京。

三十二年

王師伐魯，殺伯禦。命孝公稱於夷宮。陳僖公孝薨。有馬化為人。

三十三年

齊成公薨。王師伐太原之戎，不克。

三十七年

有馬化為狐。燕僖侯卒。楚子鄂卒。

三十八年

王師及晉穆侯伐條戎、奔戎，王師敗逋。

三十九年

王師伐姜戎，戰於千畝，王師敗逋。

四十年

料民於太原。戎人滅薑邑。晉人敗北戎於汾隰。

四十一年

王師敗於申。

四十三年

王殺大夫杜伯。其子隰叔出奔晉。晉穆侯費生薨，弟殤叔自立，世子仇出奔。

四十四年

四十六年

王陟。

幽王

名涅。

元年

庚申春正月，王即位。晉世子仇歸於晉，殺殤叔，晉人立仇，是為文侯。王錫太師尹氏、皇父命。

二年

涇、渭、洛竭。岐山崩。初增賦。晉文侯同王子多父伐鄫，克之。乃居鄭父之丘，是為鄭桓公。

三年

王嬖褒姒。冬，大震電。

四年

秦人伐西戎。夏六月，隕霜。陳夷公薨。

五年

王世子宜臼出奔申。皇父作都於向。

六年

王命伯士帥師伐六濟之戎，王師敗逋。西戎滅蓋。冬十月辛卯朔，日有食之。

七年

虢人滅焦。

八年

王錫司徒鄭伯多父命。王立褒姒之子曰伯服，為太子。

九年

申侯聘西戎及鄫。

十年

春，王及諸侯盟於太室。秋九月，桃杏實。王師伐申。

十一年

春正月，日暈。申人、鄫人及犬戎入宗周，弑王及鄭桓公。犬戎殺王子伯服。執褒姒以歸。申侯、魯侯、許男、鄭子立宜臼於申，虢公翰立王子余臣於攜。

武王滅殷，歲在庚寅。二十四年，歲在甲寅，定鼎洛邑，至幽王二百五十七年，共二百八十一年。自武王元年己卯至幽王庚午，二百九十二年。

晉紀

平王

自東遷以後始紀晉事，王即位皆不書。

元年

辛未，王東徙洛邑。錫文侯命。晉侯會衛侯、鄭伯、秦伯，以師從王入於成周。

二年

秦作西畤。魯孝公薨。賜秦、晉以邠、岐之田。

三年

齊人滅祝。王錫司徒鄭伯命。

四年

燕傾侯卒。鄭人滅虢。

五年

秦襄公帥師伐戎，卒於師。宋戴公薨。

六年

燕哀侯卒。鄭遷於溱、洧。

七年

楚子儀卒。

八年

鄭殺其大夫關其思。

十年

秦還於汧、渭。

十三年

魏武公薨。

十四年

晉人滅韓。

十八年

秦文公大敗戎師於岐，來歸岐東之田。

二十一年

晉文侯殺王子余臣於攜。

二十三年

宋武公卒。

二十四年

秦作陳寶祠。

二十五年

晉文侯薨。秦初用族刑。

二十六年

晉封其弟成師於曲沃。

三十二年

晉潘父弑其君昭侯，納成師，不克。立昭侯之子孝侯，晉人殺潘父。

三十三年

楚人侵申。

三十六年

衛莊公卒。王人戍申。

四十年

齊莊公卒。晉曲沃桓叔成師卒，子鱓立，是為莊伯。

四十一年

春，大雨雪。

四十二年

狄人伐翼，至於晉郊。宋襄公薨。魯惠公使宰讓請郊廟之禮，王使史角如魯諭止之。

四十七年

晉曲沃莊伯入翼，弑孝侯，晉人逐之，立孝侯子郤，是為鄂侯。

四十八年

無雲而雷。魯惠公卒。

四十九年

魯隱公及邾莊公盟於姑蔑。

五十一年

春二月乙巳，日有食之。三月庚戌，王陟。

桓王

元年

壬戌十月，莊伯以曲沃叛，伐翼，公子萬救翼，荀叔軫追之，至於家穀。翼侯焚曲沃之禾而還。翼侯伐曲沃，大捷，武公請成於翼，至相而還。

二年

王使虢公伐晉之曲沃。晉鄂侯卒，曲沃莊伯複攻晉，立鄂侯子光，是為哀侯。公子萬救翼，荀叔軫追之，至於家穀。

三年

甲子。

四年

曲沃莊伯卒，子稱立，是為武公，尚一軍。

五年

芮人乘京。荀人、董伯皆叛曲沃。

十一年

曲沃獲晉哀侯。晉人立哀侯子為小子侯。芮伯萬出奔魏。

十二年

王師、秦師圍魏，取芮伯萬而東之。

十三年

冬，曲沃伯誘晉小子侯殺之。晉曲沃滅荀，以其地賜大夫原氏黯，是為荀叔。戎人逆芮伯萬於郊。

十四年

王命虢仲伐曲沃，立晉哀侯弟緡於翼，為晉侯。

十五年

十六年

春，灭翼。

十九年

鄭莊公卒。

二十三年

三月乙未，王陟。

莊王

元年

乙酉，曲沃尚一軍，異於晉。

六年

五月，葬桓王。

厘王

元年

庚子春，齊桓公會諸侯於北杏，以平宋亂。

三年

曲沃武公滅晉侯緡，以寶獻王，王命武公以一軍為晉侯。

四年

晉猶不與齊桓公之盟。

五年

晉武公卒，子詭諸立為獻公。王陟。

惠王

元年

晉獻公朝，王如成周。周陽白兔舞於市。

二年

王子頹亂。王居於鄭，鄭人入王府，多取玉。玉化為蜮，射人。

九年

晉城絳。

十六年

晉獻公作二軍，滅耿，以賜大夫趙夙；滅魏，以賜大夫畢萬。

十七年

衛懿公及赤狄戰於泂澤。

十九年

晉獻公會虞師伐虢，滅下陽，虢公醜奔衛。公命瑕父、呂甥邑於國都。

二十五年

春正月，狄人伐晉。王陟。

襄王

元年

庚午，晉獻公卒，立奚齊，裡克殺之及卓子，立夷吾。

二年

晉殺裡克。

三年

雨金於晉。

七年

秦伯涉河伐晉。

十五年

晉惠公卒，子懷公圉立。秦穆公帥師送公子重耳，圍令狐、桑泉、臼衰，皆降為秦師。狐毛與先軫禦秦，至於廬柳，乃謂秦穆公使公子縶來與師言，次子郇，盟於軍。公子重耳涉自河曲。

十六年

晉殺子圉。

十七年

晉城荀。

二十年

周襄王會諸侯於河陽。

二十二年

齊師逐鄭，太子齒奔城張、南鄭。

二十四年

晉文公卒。

二十五年

三十年

洛絕於向。

三十一年

晉襄公卒。

三十二年

三十三年

王陟。

頃王

元年

癸卯。

六年

彗星入北斗。王陟。

匡王

元年

己酉。

六年

王陟。晉靈公為趙穿所殺，趙盾使穿迎公子黑臀於周，立之。

定王

元年

乙卯。

六年

晉成公與狄伐秦，獲秦諜，殺之絳市，六日而蘇。

七年

晉成公卒於扈。

八年

十八年

齊國佐來獻玉磬、紀公之甗。

二十一年

王陟。

簡王

元年

丙子。

五年

晉景公卒。

六年

十三年

晉厲公卒。楚共王會宋平公於湖陽。

十四年

王陟。

靈王

元年

庚寅。

十四年

晉悼公卒。

十五年

二十七年

王陟。

景王

元年

丁巳。

十三年

春，有星出婺女。十月，晉平公卒。

十四年

河水赤於龍門三裡。

十九年

晉昭公卒。冬十二月，桃杏華。

二十年

二十五年

晉頃公平王室亂，立敬王。

敬王

元年

壬午。

八年

晉頃公卒。

九年

十四年

漢不見於天。

二十六年

晉青虹見。

二十八年

洛絕於周。

三十六年

淇絕於舊衛。

三十九年

晉城頓丘。

四十三年

宋殺其大夫皇瑗於丹水之上。丹水壅不流。

四十四年

王陟。

元王

元年

丙寅，晉定公卒。

二年

四年

於越滅吳。

六年

晉澮絕於梁。丹水三日絕不流。

七年

齊人、鄭人伐衛。王陟。

貞定王

元年

癸酉，於越徙都琅琊。

四年

十一月，於越子勾踐卒，是為菼執，次鹿郢立。

六年

晉河絕於扈。

七年

晉荀瑤城南梁。

十年

於越子鹿郢卒，不壽立。

十一年

晉出公出奔齊。

十二年

河水赤三日。荀瑤伐中山，取窮魚之丘。

十三年

晉韓龐取秦武城。

十六年

十七年

晉出公薨，乃立昭公之孫，是為敬公。

四十三年

王殺大夫杜伯。其子隰叔出奔晉。晉穆侯費生薨，弟殤叔自立，世子仇出奔。

十八年

二十年

於越子不壽見殺，是為盲姑，次朱勾立。

二十二年

楚滅蔡。

二十四年

楚滅杞。

二十八年

王陟。

考王

元年

魏文侯立。

十年

楚滅莒。

十一年

晉敬公卒。

十二年

魯悼公卒。

十四年

魯季孫會晉幽公於楚丘。

十五年

王陟。

威烈王

元年

丙辰。

三年

晉大旱，地生鹽。

五年

晉丹水出，反潔。

六年

晉大夫秦嬴賊幽公於高寢之上，魏文侯立幽公子止。

七年

趙獻子城泫氏。韓武子都平陽。

八年

趙城平邑。

九年

楚人伐我南鄙，至於上洛。

十一年

田公子居思伐邯鄲，圖平邑。於越滅滕。

十二年

於越子朱勾伐郯，以郯子鴣歸。

十四年

於越子朱勾卒，子翳立。

十六年

齊田盻及邯鄲韓舉戰於平邑，邯鄲之師敗逋，遂獲韓舉，平邑、新城。

十七年

魏文侯伐秦至鄭，還築汾陰、合陽。田悼子卒，田布殺其大夫公孫孫，公孫孫以廩丘叛於趙。田布圍廩丘，翟角、趙孔屑、韓氏救廩丘，及田布戰於龍澤，田師敗逋。

十八年

王命韓景子、趙烈子及我師伐齊，入長垣。

二十三年

王命晉卿魏氏、趙氏、韓氏為諸侯。

二十四年

王陟。

安王

元年

庚辰。

九年

晉烈公卒，子桓公立。

十年

己丑。

十五年

魏文侯卒。大風，晝昏。晉太子喜出奔。

十六年

封公子緩。

二十一年

韓滅鄭，哀侯入於鄭。

二十三年

於越遷於吳。

二十六年

王陟。魏城洛陽及安邑、王垣。七月，於越太子諸咎弑其君翳。十月，越人殺諸咎越滑，吳人立孚錯枝為君。

烈王

元年

丙午，魏公子緩如邯鄲以作難。於越大夫寺區定越亂，立初無餘，是為莽安。

二年

秦胡蘇帥師伐韓，韓將韓襄敗胡蘇於酸水。魏觴諸侯於范台。晉桓公邑哀侯於鄭，韓山堅賊其君哀侯。

六年

韓共侯、趙成侯遷晉桓公於屯留。趙成侯偃、韓懿侯若伐我葵。

七年

王陟。我師伐趙，圍蜀陽。齊田壽帥師伐我，圍觀，觀降。魏大夫王錯出奔韓。

魏紀

顯王

元年

癸丑，鄭城邢丘。秦子向命為藍君。

二年

河水赤於龍門三日。

三年

公子景賈帥師伐鄭，韓明戰於韓，我師敗逋。

四年

夏四月甲寅，徙邦於大樑。王發逄忌之藪以賜民。於越寺區弟思弑其君莽安，次無顓立。

五年

雨碧於郢。地忽長十丈有餘，高尺半。

六年

我師伐邯鄲，取列人；我師伐邯鄲，取肥。雨黍於齊。

七年

我與邯鄲榆次、陽邑。王會鄭厘侯於巫沙。

八年

入河水於圃田，又為太溝而引圃水。瑕陽人自秦導岷山青衣水來歸。

九年

秦師伐鄭，次於懷，城殷。

十年

楚師出河水以水長垣之外。龍賈帥師築長城於西邊。鄭取屯留、尚子。

十一年

鄭厘侯使許息來致地，平丘、戶牗、首垣諸邑及鄭馳地。我取枳道，與鄭鹿。王及鄭厘侯盟於巫沙，以釋它陽之圍，歸厘於鄭。

十二年

魯恭侯、宋桓侯、衛成侯、鄭厘侯來朝。於越子無顓卒，是為菼蠋卯，次無疆立。

十三年

邯鄲成侯會燕成侯於安邑。

十四年

秦公孫壯伐鄭，圍焦城，不克。秦公孫壯帥師城上枳、安陵、山民。邯鄲伐衛，取漆富兵，城之。齊師及燕戰於泃水，齊師遁。

十五年

齊田期伐我東鄙，戰於桂陽，我師敗逋。東周與鄭高都。鄭厘侯來朝中陽。宋景鼓、衛公孫倉會師，圍我襄陵。

十六年

王以韓師、諸侯師縣於襄陵。齊侯使楚景舍來求成。邯鄲之師敗我師於桂陵。

十七年

燕伐趙，圍濁鹿。趙靈王及代人救濁鹿，敗燕師於勺。晉取玄武、濩澤。

十八年

齊築房以為長城。

十九年

王如衛，命公子南為侯。

二十年

二十一年

魏殷臣、趙公孫裒伐燕，還取夏屋，城曲逆。

二十二年

壬寅，孫何侵楚，人三戶乳。楚伐徐州。

二十三年

魏章帥師及鄭師伐楚，取上蔡。孫何取㶏陽。秦孝公會諸侯於逄澤。絳中地坼，西絕於汾。

二十四年

魏敗韓馬陵。

二十五年

二十六年

穰疪帥師及鄭孔夜戰於梁赫，鄭師敗逋。與齊田盻戰於馬陵。

二十七年

五月，齊田盻及宋人伐我東鄙，圍平陽。九月，秦衛鞅伐我西鄙。十月，邯鄲伐我北鄙。王攻衛鞅，我師敗逋。

二十八年

城濟陽。秦封衛鞅於鄔，改名曰尚。

二十九年

邳遷於薛。三月，為大溝於北郛，以行圃田之水。

三十年

三十一年

秦蘇胡帥師伐鄭，韓襄敗秦蘇胡於酸水。

三十二年

三十三年

鄭威侯與邯鄲圍襄陵。

三十四年

魏惠成王三十六年，改元稱一年。王與諸侯會於徐州。於越子無疆伐楚。

三十五年

楚吾得帥師及秦伐鄭，圍綸氏。

三十六年

楚圍齊於徐州，遂伐於越，殺無疆。

三十七年

三十八年

龍賈及秦師戰於雕陰，我師敗逋。王會鄭威侯於巫沙。

三十九年

秦取我汾陰、皮氏。

四十年

四十一年

秦歸我焦、曲沃。

四十二年

九鼎淪泗，沒於淵。

四十三年

四十四年

四十五年

楚敗我襄陵。

四十六年

四十七年

四十八年

王陟。

慎靚王

元年

辛丑，秦取我曲沃、平周。

二年

魏惠成王薨。

三年

今王元年。

四年

五年

六年

鄭侯使韓辰歸晉陽及向。二月，城陽、向，更名陽為河雍，向為高平。

隱王

元年

丁未。十月，鄭宣王來朝。燕子之殺公子平，不克。齊師殺子之，醢其身。

二年

齊地景長，長丈餘，高一尺。魏以張儀為相。

三年

韓明帥師伐襄丘。秦王來見於蒲阪關。四月，越王使公師隅來獻舟三百、箭五百萬及犀角、象齒。五月，張儀卒。

四年

翟章伐衛。魏敗趙將韓舉。

五年

洛入成周，山水大出。

六年

十月，大霖雨，疾風，河水酸棗。楚庶章帥師來會我，次於襄丘。

七年

翟章救鄭，次於南屈。

八年

秦公孫爰帥師伐我皮氏，翟章帥師救皮氏圍，疾西風。

九年

城皮氏。

十年

十一年

十二年

秦拔我蒲阪、晉陽、封穀。

十三年

邯鄲命吏大夫奴遷於九原，將軍、大夫、適子、代史皆貂服。

十四年

十五年

薛侯來會王於釜丘。楚入雍氏，楚人敗。

十六年

王與齊王會於韓。今王終二十年。

Source Colophon

The Chinese text follows the Chinese Wikisource transcription of the received Bamboo Annals (articles 今本竹書紀年/五帝紀, 今本竹書紀年/夏紀, 今本竹書紀年/殷紀, 今本竹書紀年/周紀, 今本竹書紀年/晉紀, 今本竹書紀年/魏紀, revisions of 18 April 2017 to 28 June 2026), inspected from a witness copy captured on 22 August 2026. Chinese Wikisource transcriptions are published under CC BY-SA 4.0 and the GFDL; the text itself is ancient and in the public domain. The wiki header, navigation links, license templates, and modern contributors' footnotes have been removed; the text is otherwise complete and unaltered.

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