Related Digger Declaration, 1650

This 1650 Northamptonshire declaration explains why poor inhabitants of Wellingborough began to dig, manure, and sow corn on the common and waste ground called Bareshanke.

This public text follows the Oxford/Text Creation Partnership capture, TCP ID A82163, with one damaged source word supplied from Lewis H. Berens' public-domain 1906 transcription.

Title Page

A Declaration of the Grounds and Reasons why we the Poor Inhabitants of the Town of VVellinborrow, in the County of Northampton, have begun and give consent to dig up, manure and sow Corn upon the Common, and waste ground, called Bareshanke belonging to the Inhabitants of VVellinborrow, by those that have subscribed, and hundreds more that give Consent.

Declaration

1. WEE find in the Word of God, that God made the Earth for the use and comfort of all Mankind, and set him in it to till and dresse it, and said, That in the sweat of his brows he should eat his bread; and also we find, that God never gave it to any sort of people, that they should have it all to themselves, and shut out all the rest, but he saith, The Earth hath he given to the children of men, which is every man.

2. We find, that no creature that ever God made was ever deprived of the benefit of the Earth, but Mankind; and that it is nothing but covetousnesse, pride, and hardnesse of heart, that hath caused man so far to degenerate.

3. We find in the Scriptures, that the Prophets and Apostles have left it upon Record, That in the last days the oppressor and proud man shall cease, and God will restore the waste places of the Earth to the use and comfort of Man, and that none shall hurt nor destroy in all his holy Mountain.

4. We have great Encouragement from these two righteous Acts, which the Parliament of England have set forth, the one against Kingly Power, the other to make England a Free Common-wealth.

5. We are necessitated from our present necessity to do this, and we hope that our Actions will justifie us in the gate, when all men shall know the truth of our necessity: We are in Wellinborrow in one Parish 1169 persons that receive Alms, as the Officers have made it appear at the Quarter Sessions last: we have made our Case known to the Justices, the Justices have given Order that the Town should raise a Stock to set us on work, and that the Hundred should be enjoyned to assist them; but as yet we see nothing is done, nor any man that goeth about it; we have spent all we have, our trading is decayed, our wives and children cry for bread, our lives are a burden to us, divers of us having 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. in Family, and we cannot get bread for one of them by our labor; rich mens hearts are hardened, they will not give us if we beg at their doors; if we steal, the Law will end our lives, divers of the poor are starved to death already, and it were better for us that are living to dye by the Sword then by the Famine: And now we consider that the Earth is our Mother, and that God hath given it to the children of men, and that the common and waste Grounds belong to the poor, and that we have a right to the common ground both from the Law of the Land, Reason and Scriptures; and therefore we have begun to bestow our righteous labor upon it, and we shall trust the Spirit for a blessing upon our labor, resolving not to dig up any mans propriety, until they freely give us it; and truly we find great comfort already, through the goodnesse of our God, that some of those rich men amongst us, that have had the greatest profit upon the Common, have freely given us their share in it, as one Mr John Freeman, Thomas Nottingam and John Clendon, and divers others; and the Country Farmers have proffered divers of them to give us Seed to sow it, and so we find that God is perswading Japheth to dwell in the tents of Shem: and truly those that we find most against us are such as have been constant enemies to the Parliaments Cause from first to last.

Now at last our desire is, That some that approve of this work of Righteousnesse, would but spread this our Declaration before the great Councel of the Land, that so they may be pleased to give us more encouragement to go on, that so they may be found amongst the small number of those that considers the poor and needy, that so the Lord may deliver them in the time of their troubles, and then they will not be found amongst those that Solomon speaks of, which withhold the Corn (or the Land) from the Poor, which the people shall curse, but blessing shall be upon the heads of those Rulers that sell Corn, and that will let the poor labor upon the Earth to get them Corn, and our lives shall blesse them, so shall good men stand by them, and evil men shall be afraid of them, and they shall be counted the Repairers of our Breaches, and the Restorers of our Paths to dwell in. And thus we have declared the truth of our necessity; and whosoever will come in to us to labor with us, shall have part with us, and we with them, and we shall all of us endeavor to walk righteously and peaceably in the Land of our Nativity.

Richard Smith.

John Avery.

Thomas Fardin.

Richard Pendred.

James Pitman.

Roger Tuis.

Joseph Hichcock.

John Pye.

Edward Turner.

LONDON, Printed for Giles Calvert. 1650.

Colophon

This edition follows Oxford/Text Creation Partnership A82163 as its base text. The one damaged TCP source gap appears in the phrase the last days the oppresso... and proud man shall cease; Lewis H. Berens prints this phrase as oppressor and proud man shall cease in The Digger Movement in the Days of the Commonwealth (1906), and this edition supplies oppressor.

The edition also regularizes extraction artifacts where the source markup or text extraction collapsed ordinary spacing or produced obvious slips: 1 W EE is presented as 1. WEE, everGod as ever God, rruly as truly, beenconstant as been constant, and our lines shall blesse them as our lives shall blesse them.

This item is included as related Northamptonshire Digger context. It is not attributed to Gerrard Winstanley.

Compiled and formatted for the Good Work Library by the New Tianmu Anglican Church, 2026.

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