Tuesday, August 11, 2026 · 天火 · tianmu.org

The Royal Inscriptions of Amar-Suena

✦ ─── ⟐ ─── ✦

The Third King of the Third Dynasty of Ur

Amar-Suena ruled the Third Dynasty of Ur as its third king, roughly 2046 to 2038 BCE, succeeding his father Šulgi and preceding Šu-Suen. He governed from Ur over the same reunified Sumer and Akkad his father and grandfather Ur-Namma had built, in the century of relative stability between the Akkadian empire's collapse and the dynasty's own eventual end under Ibbi-Suen. This volume is the third in the library's Ur III sequence; each of the dynasty's five kings has his own collected edition on this same shelf.

This volume gathers the eighty-four inscriptions of Amar-Suena preserved in the Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), each with either a published English translation or, where none yet exists, an honestly marked gap. Most of the seventeen building and temple texts are short formulas stamped or incised on bricks, stone door sockets, tablets, and a stele, recovered chiefly from Ur, Nippur, Uruk, and Eridu, recording that for Enlil, Nanna, Inana, or Enki, Amar-Suena built, restored, or furnished a temple, ziggurat, or jail. A smaller group of five votive and personal pieces — two bowls, a stone vessel the king presented to his own child Taddin-Eštar, and a tablet and a bead dedicated by an official and a scribe's wife for the king's well-being — round out his own dedicatory record. The remaining sixty-two texts, the largest single group, are seal inscriptions: the king's titulary followed by the standard formula naming a scribe, governor, or household member as "your servant," overwhelmingly recovered from Puzriš-Dagan, Umma, and Girsu, with others from Ur, Nippur, Lagaš, Susa, and Ešnunna.

The material is arranged here in ETCSRI's own RIME catalogue order, in three parts: building and temple inscriptions, votive and personal dedications, and seal inscriptions of the royal household and administration. The English below is ETCSRI's own published translation, reproduced verbatim and reformatted into continuous reading prose; one honest gap is marked in place rather than filled. Most of these texts are brief royal formulas rather than extended literary composition, and this volume makes no larger claim for them than the corpus itself does. It stands beside this library's two companion volumes on Gudea of Lagaš and its edition of Ur-Namma, as one book in the collected royal inscriptions of Sumer.

Contents

Part I. Building and Temple Inscriptions

The king's own building record: for Enlil, Nanna, Inana, and Enki, Amar-Suena built, restored, or furnished temples and a ziggurat at Ur, Nippur, Uruk, and Eridu, installed door sockets, built a jail at Ur named for himself, and — in the one genuine gap in this volume — erected a statue for Ningal whose ten-line colophon (no. 11) is transliterated but not yet translated by ETCSRI.

Amar-Suena 01

Brick; clay; Ur. RIME 3/2.01.03.0001; ETCSRI Q000981.

Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters.

Amar-Suena 02

Vessel; clay; Adab. RIME 3/2.01.03.0002; ETCSRI Q001789.

Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters.

Amar-Suena 03

Brick; clay; Nippur. RIME 3/2.01.03.0003; ETCSRI Q001790.

For Enlil, the king of all lands, his master, Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built the Kura-igi-ĝ̃al, the ziggurat temple, his beloved temple.

Amar-Suena 04

Brick; clay; Nippur. RIME 3/2.01.03.0004; ETCSRI Q000982.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king.

Amar-Suena 05

Door socket; diorite; Nippur. RIME 3/2.01.03.0005; ETCSRI Q001791.

For Enlil, the king of all lands, his master, Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, installed this (door socket) at Enlil's pure foundation pit, at the place that fills Amar-Suena's heart with joy.

Amar-Suena 06

Door socket; diorite; Nippur. RIME 3/2.01.03.0006; ETCSRI Q001792.

For Enlil, the king of all lands, his beloved master, Amar-Suena, nominated by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built the temple in which syrup, ghee, and wine never cease in (Enlil's) place of offering.

Amar-Suena 07

Tablet; clay; Ur. RIME 3/2.01.03.0007; ETCSRI Q001793.

... whose name was prošlaimed by..., the steadfast supporter of Enlilś temple, the powerful..., king of Urim, king of the four quarterṣ built the E-temen-ni-guru, his beloved temple, in Urim.

Amar-Suena 08

Door socket, stele; diorite, limestone, grante; Ur. RIME 3/2.01.03.0008; ETCSRI Q000983.

For Ningal, his lady, Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built the Ĝipar-kug, her beloved temple. He dedicated it to her for his well-being.

Amar-Suena 09

Door socket; diorite; Ur. RIME 3/2.01.03.0009; ETCSRI Q000984.

Since the dawn of time no temple has been built for the Dubla-maḫ except for an offering-place, where a reed hut was erected, (but now) for Nanna, his beloved master, Amar-Suena, the beloved of Nanna, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built a temple for the Dubla-maḫ, the building marvelled at by the Land, his place of rendering judgements, his net, the one from which no enemy of Amar-Suena may escape. He made it shining, decorated it with gold, silver, and lapis lazuli. In so doing Amar-Suena will lengthen the days (of his life). May the man, who, after the temple has become dilapidated, rebuilds it (but) does not remove its inscriptions and furnishings from their places, find favor in the eyes of Nanna! (But) whoever erases its inscriptions, (and) does not return its furnishings to their places, may the snake of Nanna fall on him, (and) may Nanna put an end to his lineage!

Amar-Suena 10

Brick; clay; Ur. RIME 3/2.01.03.0010; ETCSRI Q000985.

I am Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters. The name of this statue is "Amar-Suena is the beloved of Urim ". Whoever removes this statue from the place it was set up, tears out its socle, may Nanna, king of Urim, (and) Ningal, the mother of Urim, curse him! May they put an end to his lineage!

Amar-Suena 11

Drum-shaped object; clay; Ur. RIME 3/2.01.03.0011; ETCSRI Q001794.

Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, erected the statue (with the name) "It is him whose name was proclaimed by Suen who is the beloved of Urim ". Whoever may transfer the statue (erected) for Ningal, the lady of Urim, this gold statue of mine (from the temple) to a storehouse, may Nanna, king of Urim, (and) Ningal, the mother of Urim, curse him! May they cut short his lineage!

[Part of this inscription is transliterated but not yet translated by ETCSRI; nothing is invented here to fill the gap.]

Amar-Suena 12

Brick; clay; Diqdiqqah. RIME 3/2.01.03.0012; ETCSRI Q001795.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built for (Nanna) the jail in Urim. The name of this jail is "Amar-Suena is the beloved of Nanna ".

Amar-Suena 13

Brick; clay; Uruk. RIME 3/2.01.03.0013; ETCSRI Q000986.

For Inana, the lady of battle, his beloved spouse, Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, fashioned her bronze... of the E-ĝipar. He dedicated it to her for his well-being.

Amar-Suena 14

Tablet, canephor; stone, bronze; Uruk. RIME 3/2.01.03.0014; ETCSRI Q000987.

For Inana, lady of the evening, her lady, Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built her temple.

Amar-Suena 15

Brick; clay; Eridu. RIME 3/2.01.03.0015; ETCSRI Q000988.

Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, built (Enki's) beloved Abzu for Enki, his beloved master.

Amar-Suena 16

Brick, door socket; clay, stone; Ur. RIME 3/2.01.03.0016; ETCSRI Q000989.

In Karzida, where since the beginning of time there never had been a ĝipar built and no en priestess had dwelt, Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the just god, the Utu of his land, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, the beloved of Nanna, built his holy ĝipar for Nanna of Karzida, his beloved master, (and) made his beloved en priestess enter it. In so doing Amar-Suena will lengthen the days (of his life). He dedicated it for his well-being to him.

Amar-Suena 17

Tablet, canephor; steatite, schist, lapis lazuli, bronze; provenience unknown. RIME 3/2.01.03.0017; ETCSRI Q000990.

In Karzida there never had been a ĝipar built and no en priestess had dwelt since the beginning of time, (but now) for Nanna of Karzida, his master, Amar-Suena, nominated by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the just god of his land, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, the beloved of Nanna, built his holy ĝipar in Karzida, (and) made En-agazid-ana, his beloved en priestess enter it. (In so doing) Amar-Suena will lengthen his life.

Part II. Votive and Personal Dedications

Smaller personal pieces: two fragmentary stone bowls, a stone vessel Amar-Suena presented to his own child Taddin-Eštar, and a tablet and a bead dedicated not by the king but by two of his subjects — the administrator Puzur-ilī and Ḫala-Bau, wife of the scribe Ur-Lamma — for Amar-Suena's own well-being.

Amar-Suena 18

Bowl; steatite; Ur. RIME 3/2.01.03.0018; ETCSRI Q001796.

... the steadfast supporter of Enlilś temple, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarterṣ...

Amar-Suena 19

Bowl; stone; Ur. RIME 3/2.01.03.0019; ETCSRI Q001797.

En-maḫ-gal-ana, the en priestess of Nanna.

Amar-Suena 21

Vessel; limestone; Ur. RIME 3/2.01.03.0021; ETCSRI Q001799.

... Amar-Suena, king of Urim, king of the four quarterṣ... presented (this vessel) to Taddin-Eštar, his beloved šhild.

Amar-Suena 2008

Tablet; stone; Susa. RIME 3/2.01.03.2008; ETCSRI Q001808.

To Nungal, lady of the prisons, the life-giving lady, his lady, Puzur-ilī, the chief administrator of the E-ugti, dedicated this (stone tablet) for the well-being of Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters.

Amar-Suena 2009

Bead; agate; provenience unknown. RIME 3/2.01.03.2009; ETCSRI Q001809.

To Lamma, her lady, Ḫala-Bau, the spouse of Ur-Lamma, the scribe, dedicated this (bead) for the well-being of Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim.

Part III. Seal Inscriptions

The remainder of the corpus and its largest group: seal inscriptions carrying the king's titulary followed by the standard servant formula, naming the scribes, governors, and household members who served under Amar-Suena — including the governors of Nippur, Umma, and Simurrum — recovered mostly from the state center of Puzriš-Dagan and from Umma and Girsu.

Amar-Suena 20 / CDLI Seals 003975

Seal (not impression); stone; provenience unknown. RIME 3/2.01.03.0020; ETCSRI Q001798.

Nin-ḫedu, the daughter of the king: Urgu, the animal-fattener is your servant.

Amar-Suena 22 / CDLI Seals 005914

Seal (not impression); stone; Girsu (modern Tello). RIME 3/2.01.03.0022; ETCSRI Q001800.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Ur-Bau is his child.

Amar-Suena 2002 / CDLI Seals 005804

Seal (not impression); stone; Lagash. RIME 3/2.01.03.2002; ETCSRI Q001802.

Gudea, ruler of Lagaš:..., the land recorder, is you servant.

Amar-Suena 2003 / CDLI Seals 005887

Seal (not impression); stone; Nippur. RIME 3/2.01.03.2003; ETCSRI Q001803.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Lugal-melem, governor of Nibru, scribe..., child of..., scribe of the ĝipar in Nibru, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2004 / CDLI Seals 005819

Seal (not impression); stone; Nippur. RIME 3/2.01.03.2004; ETCSRI Q001804.

Lugal-melem, governor of Nibru: Lugal-magure, the scribe, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2005 / CDLI Seals 000105

Seal (not impression); stone; provenience unknown. RIME 3/2.01.03.2005; ETCSRI Q001805.

Ṣilluš-Dagan, governor of Simurrum: Ibbi-Addad, the scribe, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2006 / CDLI Seals 005907

Seal (not impression); stone; provenience unknown. RIME 3/2.01.03.2006; ETCSRI Q001806.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Ur-Lisi, governor of Umma, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2007 / CDLI Seals 005881

Seal (not impression); stone; provenience unknown. RIME 3/2.01.03.2007; ETCSRI Q001807.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Aya-kala, the governor of Umma, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2010add / CDLI Seals 005901

Seal (not impression); stone; Nippur. RIME 3/2.01.03.2010add; ETCSRI Q004112.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Abi-luma, the scribe, child of..., is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2011add / CDLI Seals 005880

Seal (not impression); stone; Umma. RIME 3/2.01.03.2011add; ETCSRI Q004113.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Ada-lal, the courier, child of Abu-ṭab, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2012add / CDLI Seals 004272

Seal (not impression); stone; Girsu (modern Tello). RIME 3/2.01.03.2012add; ETCSRI Q004114.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Aguda, the military governor of Ahuti, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2013add / CDLI Seals 005913

Seal (not impression); stone; Umma. RIME 3/2.01.03.2013add; ETCSRI Q004115.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Aguza is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2014add / CDLI Seals 005089

Seal (not impression); stone; Girsu (modern Tello). RIME 3/2.01.03.2014add; ETCSRI Q004116.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Ahum-ilum, the courier, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2015add / CDLI Seals 005904

Seal (not impression); stone; Ešnunna. RIME 3/2.01.03.2015add; ETCSRI Q004117.

Amar-Suena, the powerful..., king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Anum-mutappil, the courier, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2016add / CDLI Seals 000044

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2016add; ETCSRI Q004118.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim: Arad-Nanna, child of..., is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2017add

Seal (not impression); stone; Umma. RIME 3/2.01.03.2017add; ETCSRI Q004119.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Aya-kala, the governor of Umma, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2018add

Seal (not impression); stone; Umma. RIME 3/2.01.03.2018add; ETCSRI Q004120.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Aya-kala, the governor of Umma, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2019add / CDLI Seals 000033

Seal (not impression); stone; Umma. RIME 3/2.01.03.2019add; ETCSRI Q004121.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Aya-kala, the governor of Umma, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2020add / CDLI Seals 000030

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2020add; ETCSRI Q004122.

Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, Aya-kala....

Amar-Suena 2021add / CDLI Seals 005897

Seal (not impression); stone; Ur. RIME 3/2.01.03.2021add; ETCSRI Q004123.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters:..., the scribe, child of..., is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2022add / CDLI Seals 000053

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2022add; ETCSRI Q004124.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Babati, the scribe, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2023add / CDLI Seals 005882

Seal (not impression); stone; Girsu (modern Tello). RIME 3/2.01.03.2023add; ETCSRI Q004125.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Baddari, overseer of the dumudaba workers, child of Gulum, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2024add / CDLI Seals 005543

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2024add; ETCSRI Q004126.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Dan-ili, the scribe, child of..., is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2025add / CDLI Seals 000069

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2025add; ETCSRI Q004127.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Dayyati, the scribe, child of..., is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2026add / CDLI Seals 005537

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2026add; ETCSRI Q004128.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters:..., the scribe, child of..., is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2027add / CDLI Seals 000104

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2027add; ETCSRI Q004129.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim: Hunnuduk, the gardu soldier, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2028add / CDLI Seals 005886

Seal (not impression); stone; provenience unknown. RIME 3/2.01.03.2028add; ETCSRI Q004130.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Ikšudum, the military governor of Kiš, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2029add / CDLI Seals 005885

Seal (not impression); stone; Girsu (modern Tello). RIME 3/2.01.03.2029add; ETCSRI Q004131.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim: Ili-išar, the..., child of..., is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2030add / CDLI Seals 005905

Seal (not impression); stone; Umma. RIME 3/2.01.03.2030add; ETCSRI Q004132.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Lugal-Ane is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2031add / CDLI Seals 005877

Seal (not impression); stone; Nippur. RIME 3/2.01.03.2031add; ETCSRI Q004133.

Amar-Suena, king of the four quarters, the beloved of Inana: Lugal-engardug, steward of Inana, nueša - priest of Enlil, child of Enlil-amah, steward of Inana, nueša priest of Enlil, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2032add / CDLI Seals 000555

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2032add; ETCSRI Q004134.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Lugal-ituda, the scribe, child of Ur-Dumuzida, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2033add / CDLI Seals 000215

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2033add; ETCSRI Q004135.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Lugal-kugzu, the scribe, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2034add / CDLI Seals 000245

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2034add; ETCSRI Q004136.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Lu-Nanna, the scribe, child of Inim-Šara, land recorder of the king, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2035add / CDLI Seals 000256

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2035add; ETCSRI Q004137.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters:..., the scribe, child of Iddin-Suen, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2036add / CDLI Seals 005906

Seal (not impression); stone; Girsu (modern Tello). RIME 3/2.01.03.2036add; ETCSRI Q004138.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Namhani, the envoy, child of Baya, the cook, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2037add / CDLI Seals 006509

Seal (not impression); stone; Girsu (modern Tello). RIME 3/2.01.03.2037add; ETCSRI Q004139.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim: Namhani, the envoy, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2038add / CDLI Seals 000292

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2038add; ETCSRI Q004140.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Nanna-andul, the scribe, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2039add / CDLI Seals 005909

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2039add; ETCSRI Q004141.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Nanna-maba, the scribe, child of Unapšen, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2040add

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2040add; ETCSRI Q004142.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Naram-ili, overseer of the doorkeepers, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2041add / CDLI Seals 000562

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2041add; ETCSRI Q004143.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim: Naram-ili, overseer of the doorkeepers, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2042add / CDLI Seals 000303

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2042add; ETCSRI Q004352.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, presented (this seal) to Nawir-ilum, the shepherd, his servant.

Amar-Suena 2043add / CDLI Seals 005895

Seal (not impression); stone; Girsu (modern Tello). RIME 3/2.01.03.2043add; ETCSRI Q004145.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Šarakam, the scribe, child of Inim-Šara, land recorder of the king, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2044add / CDLI Seals 005434

Seal (not impression); stone; provenience unknown. RIME 3/2.01.03.2044add; ETCSRI Q004146.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king: Šulgida-nirĝal is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2045add / CDLI Seals 000369

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2045add; ETCSRI Q004147.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Šu-Erra, the captain-of-sixty, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2046add / CDLI Seals 004169

Seal (not impression); stone; provenience unknown. RIME 3/2.01.03.2046add; ETCSRI Q004148.

Šu-Erra, the chief soldier of Amar-Suena.

Amar-Suena 2047add / CDLI Seals 000384

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2047add; ETCSRI Q004149.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Šulgi-iriĝu, the envoy and courier, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2048add / CDLI Seals 005045

Seal (not impression); stone; Girsu (modern Tello). RIME 3/2.01.03.2048add; ETCSRI Q004150.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Umani, the scribe, child of..., is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2049add / CDLI Seals 000423

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2049add; ETCSRI Q004151.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Ur-Bau, the scribe, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2050add / CDLI Seals 000429

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2050add; ETCSRI Q004152.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Ur-Bau, the scribe, child of Lugal-ušumgal, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2051add / CDLI Seals 005888

Seal (not impression); stone; Ur. RIME 3/2.01.03.2051add; ETCSRI Q004153.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Ur-kugnuna, the envoy, child of Aradani, the judge, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2052add / CDLI Seals 005891

Seal (not impression); stone; Umma. RIME 3/2.01.03.2052add; ETCSRI Q004353.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Ur-Lisi, the governor of Umma, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2054add / CDLI Seals 000491

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2054add; ETCSRI Q004155.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim: Ur-Nintur, the scribe, child of Duga, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2055add / CDLI Seals 000418

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2055add; ETCSRI Q004156.

Amar-Suena, the powerful..., king of Urim, king of the four quarters:..., is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2056add / CDLI Seals 004685

Seal (not impression); stone; Girsu (modern Tello). RIME 3/2.01.03.2056add; ETCSRI Q004157.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Ur-sagaĝu, the royal scribe, child of Lugal-kagina, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2057add / CDLI Seals 004685

Seal (not impression); stone; Umma. RIME 3/2.01.03.2057add; ETCSRI Q004158.

Ur-siĝar, the soldier of Amar-Suena.

Amar-Suena 2058add / CDLI Seals 001560

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2058add; ETCSRI Q004159.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Ur-Šulpae, the scribe, child of Ur-Haya, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2059add / CDLI Seals 000516

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2059add; ETCSRI Q004160.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Ur-Šulpae, the scribe, child of Ur-Haya, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2060add

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2060add; ETCSRI Q004354.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Lugal-ituda, the scribe, child of Ur-Dumuzida, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2061add

Seal (not impression); stone; Umma. RIME 3/2.01.03.2061add; ETCSRI Q004162.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters:..., the governor of Umma, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2062add

Seal (not impression); stone; Puzriš-Dagan. RIME 3/2.01.03.2062add; ETCSRI Q004163.

Amar-Suena, the powerful man, king of Urim:..., the scribe, is your servant.

Amar-Suena 2063add

Seal (not impression); stone; provenience unknown. RIME 3/2.01.03.2063add; ETCSRI Q004899.

Amar-Suena, whose name was proclaimed by Enlil in Nibru, the steadfast supporter of Enlil's temple, the powerful man, king of Urim, king of the four quarters, presented this (seal) to Šu-Kabta, his son-in-law.

Amar-Suena 2064add

Seal (not impression); stone; provenience unknown. RIME 3/2.01.03.2064add; ETCSRI Q009353.

Amar-Suena, the powerful king, king of Urim, king of the four quarters: Lu-Nanna, the royal scribe, child of Ur-Suen, is your servant.

Colophon

Source and license. This edition reproduces the English translations of the Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Royal Inscriptions (ETCSRI), an Oracc project directed by Gábor Zólyomi at Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest (http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/etcsri/), fetched 2026-08-07. The Oracc site states its content is "released under a CC-BY-SA 3.0 license"; the project's own machine-readable data files carry the further statement "This data is released under the CC0 license" (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). Both statements are recorded here; this edition credits ETCSRI and Gábor Zólyomi regardless of which license term governs a given file, per academic courtesy and per the Good Work Library's own attribution practice.

What this edition is. The English text above is ETCSRI's own published translation of every royal inscription of Amar-Suena, third king of the Third Dynasty of Ur, in its corpus (84 texts), reproduced complete and verbatim from the project's HTML reading editions and reformatted from an interlinear word-by-word display into continuous reading prose. No word has been altered, paraphrased, or supplied by this library. Ellipses, question marks, and bracketed uncertainties are the source edition's own markers for damaged or doubtful text; where a text has no published translation yet, that gap is noted in place rather than filled. Untranslated single-word oddities native to the source data are reproduced exactly as ETCSRI's markup has them rather than silently corrected, since this is a source-text intake rather than a Good Works Translation. One honest gap is noted in place: the ten-line colophon of the drum-shaped object inscription no. 11 is transliterated but has no published English translation in ETCSRI yet.

Composite identification. The standard scholarly editions of this material are the RIME volumes (The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia, Early Periods, University of Toronto Press); each text above carries its RIME number where assigned and its ETCSRI composite ID (Q-number), under which the full transliteration, morphological analysis, exemplar list, and any Hungarian translation can be found at ETCSRI's own site.

Prepared for the Good Work Library by the New Tianmu Anglican Church with AI-assisted research, transcription, and editorial work.

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