A Reconstructed Tocharian Reading
Translation
IOL Toch 32
King Sunakṣatra stood among cities and kings, in the world of Vaiśālī, Rāmagrāma, and Ajātaśatru. Royal names were spoken, and deeds began to bear their fruit.
A king is not beyond the Dharma. Rank may command men, but it cannot command karma. The path measures a ruler by intention, restraint, gift, and the truth he chooses to honor.
1:1 Translation
IOL Toch 32
a1 /// Sunakṣatra; king; there ///
a2 /// this; land, country ///
a3 /// Ajātaśatru; but; king ///
a4 /// but; does ///
a5 /// this; lord ///
a6 /// brahman ///
b1 /// earth/ground ///
b2 /// ten; decade ///
b3 /// assembly/council ///
b4 /// who; this; Arhat ///
b5 /// beginning with, et cetera; during, extending to the whole ///
b6 /// world, people; pertaining to Nirvāṇa ///
Source-Close Translation
IOL Toch 32
a1 /// broken words around unakṣatre, yāmṣa, vaiś ///
a2 /// broken words around rāmagrām ///
a3 /// Ajātaśatru ///
a4 /// broken words around yāmṣate ///
a5 /// broken words in the field of Sunakṣatra (PN of a king); king; land, country ///
a6 /// broken words around hmaṇen ///
b1 /// broken words around kreñc ///
b2 /// broken words in the field of Sunakṣatra (PN of a king); king; land, country ///
b3 /// broken words around śyaine ///
b4 /// broken words around arhānti ///
b5 /// broken words around ānandeṃ, warñai ///
b6 /// broken words around śaiṣṣetse, nervāṇ ///
Colophon
This Good Works Translation was made from inspected Tocharian transliterations/transcriptions for the witnesses grouped here as King Sunakṣatra Fragment — IOL Toch 32, indexed by CEToM. The reconstructed English reading is independently derived from the source text and lexical controls exposed in the source records. Existing CEToM translation-control lines, where present, were consulted only for checking the direction of difficult or damaged passages and were not copied as the English body.
The source is damaged and discontinuous. This page is therefore a reconstructed reading from damaged witnesses, not a restored Tocharian base text and not a complete-work claim.
Compiled and formatted for the Good Work Library by the New Tianmu Anglican Church, 2026.
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Source Text: Tocharian Witnesses
Tocharian source text inspected through CEToM. Presented here for reference, study, and verification alongside the English reading above.
IOL Toch 32 — unplaced
IOL Toch 32. Language: TB. Lines: 6. CEToM: https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?m-ioltoch32.
a1 /// (s)unakṣatre wlo yāmṣa omp vaiś(aline) ///
a2 /// – te rāmagrām ypoyntse cwi pta·e ///
a3 /// ·ī no ajātaśatru wlo yā° ///
a4 /// s· ne no yāmṣate ·e ///
a5 /// te saswe kena ·e ///
a6 /// (brā)hmaṇen(tse) ///
b1 /// – ke kreñc· ///
b2 /// (ya)my(e)ntär śak – ///
b3 /// (pre)śyaine wertsya pa° ///
b4 /// – 2 k u se cai arhānti e – ///
b5 /// ·k·lpecci ānandeṃ warñai • ku° ///
b6 /// – m śaiṣṣetse nervāṇäṣṣe ·au ///
Source Colophon
The source text follows Tocharian transliterations/transcriptions available through CEToM, https://cetom.univie.ac.at/, as cached for the 2026-05-10 Good Works source scout. Ancient source text and faithful transcription are used as source material. Modern translations, commentary, and scholarly notes exposed by CEToM were treated as controls only.
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